Clinical significance of galectin-3 expression in urinary bladder carcinoma.

Objective: To uncover the clinical significance of galectin-3 in the evolution of urinary bladder cancer by defining galectin-3 expression and examining the relationship between its expression in a group of urothelial carcinomas versus normal tissues along with clinicopathological factors.

Methods: This retrospective study included histopathological reports and archival blocks and slides of all patients with urinary bladder cancer treated at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia). An anti-galectin-3 monoclonal antibody was used for immunohistochemical staining of tissue microarray slides comprising 128 cases of urothelium carcinoma and 24 specimens of normal bladder mucosa.

Cyclooxygenase-2 immunohistochemical expression is associated with worse prognosis in breast cancer: Retrospective study and literature review.

Objectives: To assess the immunohistochemistry phenotype of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in breast cancer (BC) and to correlate it with histological and clinical prognostic factors.

Methods: This retrospective study utilized COX-2 monoclonal antibody in an immunohistochemistry staining of tissue microarrays slides of 570 cases of previously diagnosed BC and with 52 of normal breast tissues from breast specimens resected for benign lesions or reconstruction (fibroadenoma and normal breast epithelium). This project was carried out in the Laboratory of pathology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between September 2019 and September 2021.

Leptin expression is substantially correlated with prognosis of urinary bladder carcinoma.

This study examined leptin expression in cases of bladder cancer and its diagnostic and prognostic usefulness in bladder malignancies.A set of 128 urinary bladder cancer cases and 24 normal specimens of bladders were employed for an immunohistochemical investigation of leptin expression in tissue microarrays.Leptin was up-regulated during transformation and was identified as brown cytoplasmic granules in the malignant urothelium of 123 (96%) bladder neoplasms, of which 68 (53.

Large Cell Calcifying Sertoli Cell Tumor with Macrocalcification in a Partially Resected Testis.

Large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumors (LCCSCTs) are extremely rare, with less than 100 tumors being described to date. Most of the tumors are benign with a few malignant cases, and aggressive behavior is infrequent. These tumors are a type of Sertoli cell tumor, and these tumors comprise less than 0.

Immunhistochemical expression of GLUT1 is associated with low grade and low stage of urinary bladder cancer.

Many studies described glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) as a fundamental player in cancer metabolism, which can be employed as a prognostic biomarker that may help in new treatment strategy development. This study will describe the pattern of GLUT1 expression in urinary bladder cancer and try to associate it with tumor clinicopathologic factors. Standard immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining protocol was utilized to identify the location and expression pattern of GLUT1 in a panel of 128 urinary bladder carcinoma compared to 24 normal tissues using tissue microarrays.

GLUT 1 expression is a supportive mean in predicting prognosis and survival estimates of endometrial carcinoma.

Objectives: This study will investigate the phenotype of Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) in endometrial cancer and the association of its expression with tumor's clinicopathological factors.

Material And Methods: Standard immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining protocol was utilized to identify the location and expression pattern of GLUT1 in a panel of 71 endometrial carcinomas compared to 30 normal tissues using tissue microarrays.

Results: High scores of GLUT1 staining are more frequent in cancer cases, it was recognized in 64 (90%) endometrial cancers and 12 (40%) control cases.

Expression of p-AMPK in colorectal cancer revealed substantial diverse survival patterns.

Objective: Several cancers have showed differences in the role of p- AMPK in cancer growth, progression and prognosis, and little is identified regarding the significance of p-AMPK expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma. Therefore, this report will define p-AMPK phenotype in a panel of colorectal carcinomas and explore the relationship between this phenotype and tumor clinicopathological features.

Methods: A total of 228 cases comprising 155 large intestine cancers and 73 controls (40 benign tumors and thirty three non-cancerous tissues) were employed in tissue microarray construction.

Expression of leptin in colorectal adenocarcinoma showed significant different survival patterns associated with tumor size, lymphovascular invasion, distant metastasis, local recurrence, and relapse of disease in the western province of Saudi Arabia.

Leptin phenotype has been suggested to be a possible biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of different neoplasms. Nonetheless, there are conflicts among the outcomes found in several tumors, and little is proven concerning the correlation between the phenotype of leptin and its clinical significance in colorectal carcinomas. This study will describe the phenotype of leptin in colorectal adenocarcinomas, and investigate its correlation with clinicopathological factors.

Phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase expression is significantly associated with poor clinical outcomes in bladder carcinoma patients.

The phenotype of p-AMPK has been suggested as a possible marker for diagnosis and/or prognosis in tumors located in different organs. Nonetheless, there are conflicts among the outcomes found in several tumors, and little is proven concerning the correlation between the phenotype of p-AMPK and its clinical significance in urinary bladder carcinomas. Therefore, this research will define the p-AMPK expression patterns, and study the relationship between this pattern of expression, in a panel of urinary bladder carcinomas compared to normal tissues, and clinicopathological features to determine the clinical relevance and the function of p-AMPK in the evolution of bladder cancer.

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma in rats: Detection of cell homing and tumor mass by magnetic resonance imaging using iron oxide nanoparticles.

Background: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are reported to improve hepatic fibrosis, and may impact the signaling mechanisms leading to the induction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in animal models of liver cirrhosis.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to clarify and explain the therapeutic role played by MSCs in hepatic cirrhosis and HCC by tracking them using nanoparticles.

Material And Methods: Liver cirrhosis and HCC were established in rats with the use of carbon tetrachloride and diethylnitrosamine injection.

Immunohistochemical staining of leptin is associated with grade, stage, lymph node involvement, recurrence, and hormone receptor phenotypes in breast cancer.

Background: Obesity is part of the established risk factors for breast cancer (BC) in postmenopausal females. Circulating leptin increases in parallel with the increase of body weight and fat reservoir.

Methods: This research investigated the link between leptin phenotype and the clinicopathological factors in BC.

Cyclin D1 is significantly associated with stage of tumor and predicts poor survival in endometrial carcinoma patients.

Cyclin D1 overexpression has been described to have oncogenic role and association with diagnosis, prognosis and survival in various tumors. This study will describe the immunohistochemical phenotype of cyclin D1, and investigate the correlation between these patterns of expression and clinicopathological parameters of endometrial carcinomas, to conclude the clinical relevance of cyclin D1 expression in the evolution of endometrial neoplasms. This study employed 101 endometrial tissue samples which include 71 endometrial carcinomas and thirty normal and benign endometrium cases.

Dietary habits, lifestyle pattern and obesity among young Saudi university students.

Objective: To investigate dietary habits, lifestyle pattern and obesity in young university students.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed at the Rabigh campus of King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from March to May 2016, and comprised healthy male students. A close-ended questionnaire was filled by all students about their dietary habits and lifestyle pattern and the lipid profile, blood glucose levels and body mass index was determined.

Uncommon Localization of Extrarenal Xp11.2 Translocation-associated Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC): Case Report.

The World Health Organization has recognized Xp11.2 translocation-associated renal cell carcinoma (RCC) as a distinct neoplasm that arises within the kidney. Although many reports of extrarenal carcinoma may be found in the literature, to the best of our knowledge, Xp11 translocation-associated RCC with intact kidneys has not been documented.

AMPK expression patterns are significantly associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients.

Many investigators have examined the functions of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in cancer biology and its anti-neoplastic features in cancer models. The goal of this research is to assess the association of the immunohistochemical expression of AMPK in human mammary tumours with the clinical data of breast cancer patients. 449 cases of previously diagnosed breast cancer, and 27 tissue samples of fibroadenomas and normal breast were utilized for detection of AMPK expression using tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry.

Immunohistochemical expression of galectin-3 is significantly associated with grade, stage and differentiation of endometrial carcinomas.

This study describes galectin-3 immunohistochemical phenotype and its association with clinicopathological factors in the carcinoma of endometrium. Seventy one cases of endometrial carcinoma and 30 cases of benign and normal endometrium were employed for the detection of galectin-3 protein using tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry staining. Thirty nine (55%) cases, including 54.

Co-inhalation of roflumilast, rather than formoterol, with fluticasone more effectively improves asthma in asthmatic mice.

Roflumilast is approved as an add-on therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is mainly neutrophilic, while in asthma it is mainly eosinophilic, studies addressing role of roflumilast in eosinophilic inflammation are recommended. Also in severe asthma, the dominant inflammatory cells are neutrophils.

Reasons and Motivations for Cigarette Smoking and Barriers against Quitting Among a Sample of Young People in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Cigarette smoking is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Tobacco consumption has grave negative consequences for health so that it is important to understand the reasons and motivations towards cigarette smoking and barriers against quitting smoking among the young generation for developing effective policies to control this widespread problem.

Materials And Methods: This crosssectional survey was carried out at the Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Clusterin immunoexpression is associated with early stage endometrial carcinomas.

Clusterin has anti-apoptotic, regeneration and migration stimulating effects on tumor cells. This study investigates the relation between clusterin expression and the clinicopathological parameters in endometrial carcinomas. Seventy one cases of previously diagnosed endometrial carcinoma (including 59 endometrioid adenocarcinoma, 9 serous adenocarcinoma, 1 clear cell adenocarcinoma, and 2 malignant mixed Mullerian tumor) and 30 tissue samples of non-cancerous endometrium (including 16 proliferative endometrium, 10 secretory endometrium and 4 endometrial polyps) were employed for clusterin detection using tissue microarrays and immunostaining.

Does Val/Val genotype of GSTP1 enzyme affects susceptibility to colorectal cancer in Saudi Arabia?

Objectives: Glutathione S-transferase pi (GSTP1) is a candidate enzyme that may be involved in colorectal cancer susceptibility. Polymorphism of GSTP1 gene may cause changes in expression or structure which lead to alteration in the efficiency of catalytic function of the enzyme variants, i.e.

Infrequent Immunohistochemical Expression of Napsin A in Endometrial Carcinomas.

Introduction: Many studies described napsin A as a specific diagnostic marker that aids in differentiating lung adenocarcinomas from other respiratory tumors. This study describes the expression phenotype of napsin A in endometrial neoplasms, it investigates the relationship between this expression profile and the clinicopathologic parameters, and assess its utilization as an independent predictive marker.

Methods: A total of 76 cases of previously diagnosed endometrial carcinoma (including 53 endometrioid adenocarcinomas, 6 endometrioid adenocarcinomas with squamous differentiation, 9 serous adenocarcinomas, 6 clear cell adenocarcinomas, and 2 malignant mixed mullerian tumors) and 30 tissue samples of noncancerous endometrium (including 16 proliferative endometriums, 10 secretory endometriums and 4 endometrial polyps) were retrieved from the archives of Pathology Department at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Histopathological findings in goiter: A review of 624 thyroidectomies.

Objectives: To identify the histopathological patterns of goiter in thyroidectomy specimens and their frequency in relation to age and gender of the patients.

Methodology: We present a retrospective data of 624 thyroidectomy specimens diagnosed over a period of six year (2007-2012) at the Department of Pathology, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Results: A total of 624 consecutive thyroidectomy specimens were selected.

Association between GSTP1 genotypes and hormone receptor phenotype in invasive ductal carcinomas of breast.

Eighty six cases of invasive ductal breast carcinomas were utilized to investigate GSTP1 polymorphisms in certain immunohistochemistry (IHC) subtypes of breast cancer with respect to ER, PR and HER2 expression. The frequency of wild allele homozygote, heterozygote and variant allele homozygote genotypes were 46.5%, 52.

Immunohistochemistry subtypes (ER/PR/HER) of breast cancer: where do we stand in the West of Saudi Arabia?

In Saudi Arabia, cancer of breast is ranked the most frequent neoplasm and second source of cancer death in the female population. Breast cancer (BC) fast diagnosis, prognosis and medication management necessitate, these days, immunohistochemistry (IHC) assessment of hormone receptors and HER2 expression profile. The present report defines the IHC profile of ER, PR and HER2 in Saudi female breast neoplasms of ductal and lobular types and associations ER, PR and HER2 expression patterns with various clinicopathological factors (age, type of tumor, size, laterality, histological grade, and involvement of axillaries lymph nodes).

Association of Epstein-Barr virus infection and breast carcinoma.

Introduction: A controversy regarding the association of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with breast carcinomas has recently been reported in the literature. The present study was carried out in an attempt to determine whether there is a relationship between latent infection with EBV and breast carcinomas in Jordanian females.

Material And Methods: Extraction of DNA from the archive samples of breast carcinoma cases embedded in paraffin wax was performed and the extracted DNA was subjected to polymerase chain reaction amplification to detect the EBV genome using four sets of primers for EBER 2, BNLF-1, EBNA 2, and Gp220.