Exploring Barriers and Facilitators of Inter-Organizational Management in Response to Mass Casualty Traffic Incidents: A Qualitative Study.

Objective: To investigate and understand the current status of inter-organizational management in relief organizations as well as the relief organizations personnel behavior when facing mass traffic incidents (MCTI). The inter-organizational barriers and facilitators are also discussed in response to MCTI management and in order to help direct future actions to improve pre-hospital emergency services.

Methods: The current qualitative study was performed through face-to-face, semi-structured interviews with 31 individuals from pre-hospital emergency services authorities and personnel, Red Crescent and Yazd, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, Fars, and Qom provinces police.

Game versus Lecture-Based Learning in Disaster Risk Education; An Experience on Shiraz High School Students.

Objective: To compare the effect of lecture and game methods in disaster risk education on high school students' knowledge.

Methods: This research was a randomized field trial of educational intervention for high school's students in Shiraz, Iran. Through cluster sampling, the 332 students were randomly selected and their knowledge was compared in two randomized allocated intervention groups by pretest and posttest.

Explosive attack: Lessons learned in Seyed Al Shohada mosque attack, April 2008, Shiraz, Iran.

Introduction: The threat of explosive attacks has become a worldwide problem. Bombing is the preferred method of attacks. These attacks result in specific physical and psychiatric trauma.