VUV photochemistry of cyclopropenone (c-CHO): formation rate and abundance ratios of propynal (HCCCHO) and propadienone (CHCCO).

The distribution of isomeric species in the interstellar medium cannot be directly related to their relative energetic stabilities but more to their mechanisms of formation and evolution. The abundances of the three isomers of CHO, cyclopropenone, propynal and propadienone, are an example among many other interstellar species wherein kinetic effects control their presence in astrophysical regions. To date, only propynal and cyclopropenone, the two less stable isomers of propadienone, have been detected in the interstellar medium.

Artificial intelligence to predict pre-clinical dental student academic performance based on pre-university results: A preliminary study.

Purpose/objectives: Admission into dental school involves selecting applicants for successful completion of the course. This study aimed to predict the academic performance of Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia pre-clinical dental students based on admission results using artificial intelligence machine learning (ML) models, and Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC).

Methods: ML algorithms logistic regression (LR), decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), and support vector machine (SVM) models were applied.

Sex estimation using post-mortem computed tomographic images of the clavicle in a Malaysian population.

Forensic practitioners need contemporary anthropological data for the identification of human remains. The clavicle possesses a high degree of variability in its anatomical, biomechanical, and morphological features that are sex-dependent albeit population specific. The aim of this study was to develop sex estimation models for Malaysian individuals using post-mortem computed tomographic images of the clavicle.

Mesenteric Panniculitis.

Background: Mesenteric panniculitis (MP) is an uncommon non-neoplastic idiopathic inflammation of adipose tissue, mainly affecting the mesentery of the small intestine, with its etiology remaining largely speculative. The difference in prevalence of MP among females and males varies across multiple studies. In most cases, MP is asymptomatic; however, patients can present with nonspecific abdominal symptoms or can mimic underlying gastrointestinal and abdominal diseases.

Innovative approaches for amino acid production via consolidated bioprocessing of agricultural biomass.

Agricultural plantations in Indonesia and Malaysia yield substantial waste, necessitating proper disposal to address environmental concerns. Yet, these wastes, rich in starch and lignocellulosic content, offer an opportunity for value-added product development, particularly amino acid production. Traditional methods often rely on costly commercial enzymes to convert biomass into fermentable sugars for amino acid production.

A Biomechanical Study of Calcaneal Tuberosity Avulsion Fracture: A Comparison Between Three-Screw Versus Two-Screw Fixation Strength.

A calcaneal tuberosity avulsion fracture constitutes a sub-group of calcaneal fractures and it poses a high risk of soft tissue compromise, necessitating urgent reduction and fixation. This fracture was commonly treated with screw fixation, and fixation failure associated with this method has been reported in the literature. In light of this, we tested and compared the strength of two-screw (2S) versus three-screw (3S) fixations, where the third screw was fixed from the posterior calcaneal tuberosity towards the anterior process in addition to the two parallel screws.

Cancer care in Lebanon and the climate-proofing of a burning phoenix.

Beirut, the capital of Lebanon, has been burnt and rebuilt seven times, earning the title of an urban phoenix. Its strategic geolocation in the heart of the Mediterranean gave the country leverage for the economy, by becoming a hotspot for trade through its different ports. Its cultural and religious diversity provided a fertile ground for businesses to grow, most importantly the banking and healthcare sector.

Stimulating bioelectric generation and recovery of toxic metals through benthic microbial fuel cell driven by local sago (Cycas revoluta) waste.

Benthic microbial fuel cell (BMFC) is the most promising type of bioelectrochemical approach for producing electrons and protons from natural organic waste. In the present work, a single-chamber BMFC was used, containing sago (Cycas revoluta) waste as the organic feed for microorganisms. The local wastewater was supplemented with heavy metal ions (Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Co, Ag, and Cu) and used as an inoculation source to evaluate the performance of BMFC against the toxic metal remediations.

Impact of simulated acid rain on chemical properties of Nyalau series soil and its leachate.

Greenhouse gases can cause acid rain, which in turn degrades soil chemical properties. This research was conducted to determine the effects of simulated acid rain (SAR) on the chemical properties of Nyalau series (Typic paleudults). A 45-day laboratory leaching and incubation study (control conditions) was conducted following standard procedures include preparing simulated acid rain with specific pH levels, followed by experimental design/plan and systematically analyzing both soil and leachate for chemical changes over the 45-day period.

Pulmonary Vascular Resistance to Predict Right Heart Failure in Patients Undergoing Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation.

Right heart failure (RHF) is associated with poor outcomes, especially in patients undergoing left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of RHF after LVAD implantation. Of 129 consecutive patients (mean age 56 ± 11 years, 89% male) undergoing LVAD implantation, 34 developed RHF.

The significant role of water in reactions occurring on the surface of interstellar ice grains: Hydrogenation of pure ketene HCCO ice hydrogenation of mixed HCCO/HO ice at 10 K.

Water ice plays an important role in reactions taking place on the surface of interstellar ice grains, ranging from catalytic effects that reduce reaction barrier heights to effects that stabilize the reaction products and intermediates formed, or that favor one reaction pathway over another, passing through water-involvement in the reaction to produce more complex molecules that cannot be formed without water or water-derived fragments H, O and OH. In this context, we have combined experimental and theoretical studies to investigate ketene (CHCO) + H solid-state reaction at 10 K in the presence and absence of water molecules under interstellar conditions, through H-bombardment of CHCO and CHCO/HO ices. We show in the present study that with or without water, the ketene molecule reacts with H atoms to form four reaction products, namely CO, HCO, CH and CHCHO.

Synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymer by precipitation polymerization for the removal of ametryn.

Ametryn (AME) is a triazine herbicide which is mainly used to kill unwanted herbs in crops. Despite its importance in agriculture, the usage of AME also poses a risk to humans and the ecosystem due to its toxicity. Hence, it is important to develop a method for the effective removal of AME from various water sources which is in the form of molecular imprinting polymer (MIP).

Effect of graphene oxide nanoparticles on in vitro growth of Fragaria x ananassa (Cameron Highlands white Strawberry) and evaluation of genetic stability using DAMD and ISSR markers.

Graphene oxide (GO) is a novel nanomaterial with distinct physical properties and significant biological applications. The use of GO in plant tissue culture offers several new properties and potential applications. This research is vital due to the growing need for innovative techniques to promote plant growth, improve plant productivity and mitigate challenges posed by environmental stressors.

Performance of Malaysian kenaf callus biomass and exopolysaccharide production in a novel liquid culture.

The versatility of a well-known fibrous crop, (kenaf) is still relatively new to many. Kenaf's potential applications, which can be extended even into critical industries such as pharmaceutical and food industries, have always been overshadowed by its traditionally grown fiber. Therefore, this study aimed to venture into the biotechnological approach in reaping the benefits of kenaf through plant cell suspension culture to maximize the production of kenaf callus biomass (KCB) and exopolysaccharide (EPS), which is deemed to be more sustainable.

Conversion of archeological iron rust employing coconut husk lignin.

Rust powder collected from an archeological iron was evaluated by complementary analyses such as FTIR, XRD, XRF, and SEM/EDX. The analyses revealed that lepidocrocite (L) was the major component in the archeological iron. Coconut husk (CH) can be classified as a type of lignocellulosic biomass of renewable resources that are widely available, especially in coastal areas.

A quadruplet 3-D laser scribed graphene/MoS functionalised N-doped graphene quantum dots and lignin-based Ag-nanoparticles for biosensing.

Troponin I is a protein released into the human blood circulation and a commonly used biomarker due to its sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing myocardial injury. When heart injury occurs, elevated troponin Troponin I levels are released into the bloodstream. The biomarker is a strong and reliable indicator of myocardial injury in a person, with immediate treatment required.

Simultaneous naphthalene degradation and electricity production in a biowaste-powered microbial fuel cell.

Naphthalene is a very common and hazardous environmental pollutant, and its biodegradation has received serious attention. As demonstrated in this study, naphthalene-contaminated wastewater can be biodegraded using a microbial fuel cell (MFC). Furthermore, the potential of MFC for electricity generation appears to be a promising technology to meet energy demands other than those produced from fossil fuels.

Biomass and domestic waste: a potential resource combination for bioenergy generation and water treatment via benthic microbial fuel cell.

The benthic microbial fuel cell (BMFC) is one of the most efficient types of bioelectrochemical fuel cell systems. Modern bioelectrochemical fuel cells have several drawbacks, including an unstable organic substrate and a microorganism-unfriendly atmosphere. The recent literature to encounter such issues is one of the emerging talks.

Effect of Polyethylene Glycol Methyl Ether Methacrylate on the Biodegradability of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Starch Blend Films.

Blend copolymers (PVA/S) were grafted with polyethylene glycol methyl methacrylate (PEGMA) with different ratios. Potassium persulfate was used as an initiator. The blend copolymer (PVA/S) was created by combining poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with starch (S) in various ratios.

Attitude of Syrian medical specialty trainees toward providing health care services to patients with mental disorders.

Background: The stigma associated with mental diseases in the healthcare system and among healthcare professionals has been identified as a significant barrier to treatment and rehabilitation and to the provision of substandard physical care for persons with mental illnesses. The goal of this study is to assess the attitude of physicians in Syria towards individuals with mental health disorders.

Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among phyisicians in Syria to evaluate their attitudes toward patients with mental health disorders and their provided treatment in the time period between August 16 and October 1, 2022.

Management of unidentified and unclaimed bodies: a comparison of model from four countries in the Asia Pacific Region.

Managing mass fatality incidents or disasters involving multiple deaths are not uncommon among forensic practitioners. In fact, management of unidentified or unknown bodies is also a vital component of the day-to-day mortuary work practice. The unidentified and subsequently unclaimed bodies have always been a "silent mass disaster," a problem that needs to be tackled within the forensic community and raises the global issue of ethics, law, and human rights.

Community well-being dimensions in Gunung Mulu National Park, Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo.

The local communities living around national parks or areas like World Heritage Site (WHS) are crucial stakeholders to such settings. Their well-being needs to be unraveled so that the holistic management of the national park is in good condition to stabilize its status as WHS through the support and empowerment of the community. Numerous studies have been conducted on the biodiversity and geology of Gunung Mulu National Park (GMNP), but the community psychology aspect that is the foundation of conservation efforts has not been addressed.