Comparative analysis of hydrazinyl coumarin derivative incorporation in resin-modified and conventional glass ionomer cement.

Objective: The study aimed to conduct a comparative analysis of the effects of incorporating hydrazinyl coumarin derivative (HCD) in resin-modified (RMGIC) and conventional glass ionomer cement (cGIC) on their release profiles and antibacterial properties.

Method: Resin-modified GIC, Fuji II LC (F2) and high-fluoride cGIC, Fuji VII (F7) were used as controls. HCD was synthesized in-house, incorporated into both RMGIC and cGICs at 1 % and 2 % weight percentages (w/w), and chemically analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.

Degree of conversion and physicomechanical properties of newly developed flowable composite derived from rice husk using urethane dimethacrylate monomer.

This study evaluated the use of urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) as a base monomer to prepare the newly developed flowable composite (FC) using nanohybrid silica derived from rice husk in comparison to bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA) on the degree of conversion and physicomechanical properties. The different loadings of base monomer to diluent monomer were used at the ratio of 40:60, 50:50, and 60:40. The bonding analysis confirmed the presence of nanohybrid silica in the newly developed FC.

Subcutaneous tissue reaction to a novel nano zinc oxide eugenol dental cement.

Background: Zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) cement is a popular dental material due mainly to its analgesic, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. The formulation of ZOE cement from nano particle-sized zinc oxide (ZnO) has the potential to increase these properties as well as reduce its adverse effects to the surrounding tissues.

Objective: This study evaluated the subcutaneous tissue response towards nano ZOE cements (ZOE-A and ZOE-B) in comparison to conventional ZOE (ZOE-K).

Do nanofillers provide better physicomechanical properties to resin-based pit and fissure sealants? A systematic review.

The purpose of this study was to systematically review the impact of nanofillers on the physicomechanical properties of resin-based pit and fissure sealants (RBS). This review included in vitro studies with full-length English-language articles reporting on the physicomechanical properties of nanofilled RBS until February 2023. PubMed, Web of Sciences, Scopus, and LILACS databases were accessed for literature searches.

Effects of Fiber Loading on Mechanical Properties of Kenaf Nanocellulose Reinforced Nanohybrid Dental Composite Made of Rice Husk Silica.

The innovation of nanocellulose as reinforcement filler in composites has been a topic of interest in the development of new biomaterials. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanical properties of a nanohybrid dental composite made of rice husk silica and loaded with different percentages of kenaf nanocellulose. Kenaf cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were isolated and characterized using a transmission electron microscope (TEM) (Libra 120, Carl Zeiss, Germany).

Chitosan-Based Accelerated Portland Cement Promotes Dentinogenic/Osteogenic Differentiation and Mineralization Activity of SHED.

Calcium silicate-based cements (CSCs) are widely used in various endodontic treatments to promote wound healing and hard tissue formation. Chitosan-based accelerated Portland cement (APC-CT) is a promising and affordable material for endodontic use. This study investigated the effect of APC-CT on apoptosis, cell attachment, dentinogenic/osteogenic differentiation and mineralization activity of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED).

Patient-Specific Reconstruction Utilizing Computer Assisted Three-Dimensional Modelling for Partial Bone Flap Defect in Hybrid Cranioplasty.

Purpose: Decompressive craniectomy is a life-saving procedure in the setting of malignant brain swelling. Patients who survive require cranioplasty for anatomical reconstruction and cerebral protection. Autologous cranioplasty remains the commonest practice nowadays, but partial bone flap defects are frequently encountered.

Surface morphological and mechanical properties of zinc oxide eugenol using different types of ZnO nanopowder.

Zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) cements are generally made up of 80%-90% ZnO powder while the remaining content consists of eugenol bonding resin. ZnO structure plays a major role in the morphology and mechanical properties of ZOE. In this study, we investigated the effects of different particle sizes/shapes of ZnO particles on the surface and mechanical properties of ZOE.

Enhancement of thermal, mechanical and physical properties of polyamide 12 composites via hybridization of ceramics for bone replacement.

This study reports the influence of ZrO/β-TCP hybridization on the thermal, mechanical, and physical properties of polyamide 12 composites to be suited for bone replacement. Amount of 15 wt% of nano-ZrO along with 5,10,15,20 and 25 wt% of micro-β-TCP was compounded with polyamide 12 via a twin-screw extruder. The hybrid ZrO2/β-TCP filled polyamide 12 exhibited higher thermal, mechanical and physical properties in comparison to unfilled polyamide 12 at certain filler loading; which is attributed to the homogenous dispersion of ZrO/β-TCP fillers particle in polyamide 12 matrix.

Mechanical and cytotoxicity properties of hybrid ceramics filled polyamide 12 filament feedstock for craniofacial bone reconstruction via fused deposition modelling.

Objective: To compare the mechanical and biological properties of newly developed hybrid ceramics filled and unfilled polyamide 12 (PA 12) for craniofacial reconstruction via a fused deposition modelling (FDM) framework.

Methods: 15wt% of zirconia (ZrO) as well as 30, 35, and 40wt% of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) were compounded with PA 12, followed by the fabrication of filament feedstocks using a single screw extruder. The fabricated filament feedstocks were used to print the impact specimens.

In-vitro efficacy of different morphology zinc oxide nanopowders on Streptococcus sobrinus and Streptococcus mutans.

ZnO with two different morphologies were used to study the inhibition of Streptococcus sobrinus and Streptococcus mutans which are closely associated with tooth cavity. Rod-like shaped ZnO-A and plate-like shaped ZnO-B were produced using a zinc boiling furnace. The nanopowders were characterized using energy filtered transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS) to confirm the properties of the ZnO polycrystalline wurtzite structures.

Association between Emotional Intelligence and Perceived Stress in Undergraduate Dental Students.

Background: This study investigated the association of emotional intelligence (EI) and other factors with perceived stress (PS) in undergraduate dental students.

Methods: A total of 234 undergraduate dental students at the School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), in the academic year of 2009/2010, participated in this cross-sectional study. Self-administered questionnaires, the Assessing Emotions Scale and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), were used to evaluate EI and PS, respectively.

Shear bond strength of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing feldspathic and nano resin ceramics blocks cemented with three different generations of resin cement.

Aim: To evaluate the shear bond strength between the dentin substrate and computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing feldspathic ceramic and nano resin ceramics blocks cemented with resin cement.

Materials And Methods: Sixty cuboidal blocks (5 mm × 5 mm × 5 mm) were fabricated in equal numbers from feldspathic ceramic CEREC(®) Blocs PC and nano resin ceramic Lava™ Ultimate, and randomly divided into six groups (n = 10). Each block was cemented to the dentin of 60 extracted human premolar using Variolink(®) II/Syntac Classic (multi-steps etch-and-rinse adhesive bonding), NX3 Nexus(®) (two-steps etch-and-rinse adhesive bonding) and RelyX™ U200 self-adhesive cement.

Review on Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Antibacterial Activity and Toxicity Mechanism.

Antibacterial activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) has received significant interest worldwide particularly by the implementation of nanotechnology to synthesize particles in the nanometer region. Many microorganisms exist in the range from hundreds of nanometers to tens of micrometers. ZnO-NPs exhibit attractive antibacterial properties due to increased specific surface area as the reduced particle size leading to enhanced particle surface reactivity.

The assessment of surface roughness and microleakage of eroded tooth-colored dental restorative materials.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of acidic solution on surface roughness and microleakage of tooth-colored restorative materials.

Materials And Methods: A 160 box-shaped cavities were prepared on the buccal surfaces of 160 human molars, and assigned to four groups: Group A restored with Ketac™ Molar Easymix, Group B with Fuji II™ LC, Group C with Ketac™ N100, and Group D with Filtek™ Z250, and subdivided into study and control groups (n = 20). Study groups were immersed in lemon juice (pH = 2.

Effects of home bleaching on surface hardness and surface roughness of an experimental nanocomposite.

Objective: Home bleaching agents may not be safe for composite resins. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of 10 and 20% Opalescence(®) PF home bleaching agents on the surface roughness and hardness of universal nanocomposite (Filtek Z350), anterior nanocomposite (KeLFiL), and nanohybrid composite (TPH 3).

Materials And Methods: Fifty-four composite resin samples with 18 samples for each type of composite resin were prepared using acrylic molds (4 × 2 mm).

Validity and reliability of the Malay version of Sleep Apnea Quality of Life Index--preliminary results.

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the Malay translated Sleep Apnea Quality of Life Index (SAQLI) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Methods: In this cross sectional study, the Malay version of SAQLI was administered to 82 OSA patients seen at the OSA Clinic, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia prior to their treatment. Additionally, the patients were asked to complete the Malay version of Medical Outcomes Study Short Form (SF-36).

Genotoxicity evaluation of dental restoration nanocomposite using comet assay and chromosome aberration test.

Nanocomposite is used as a dental filling to restore the affected tooth, especially in dental caries. The dental nanocomposite (KelFil) for tooth restoration used in this study was produced by the School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia and is incorporated with monodispersed, spherical nanosilica fillers. The aim of the study was to determine the genotoxic effect of KelFil using in vitro genotoxicity tests.

Water sorption characteristics of restorative dental composites immersed in acidic drinks.

Objectives: To determine the diffusion coefficient, water sorption and solubility of various types of restorative dental composites and to evaluate the effect of acidic media (orange juice and coke) on their characteristics.

Methods: Resin composite specimens (Filtek™ Z350, Spectrum(®) TPH(®)3 and Durafill(®) VS) were prepared in a stainless steel mold of 1mm thickness and 10mm diameter (n=5) and light-cured. All samples were dried at 37°C, immersed in media (distilled water, orange and coke) at 37°C and weighed at suitable time intervals (15, 35, 155, 320, 785, etc.

Microleakage assessment of a repaired, nano-filled, resin-based fissure sealant.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of different repairing techniques of a fractured sealant on microleakage in vitro.

Methods: A nono-filled flowable composite (Filtek Z350) was placed on the occlusal surfaces of 112 intact extracted molars following cleoning by prophylaxis and acid etching. Sealant failure was produced on the entire sample.