From microscope to micropixels: A rapid review of artificial intelligence for the peripheral blood film.

Artificial intelligence (AI) and its application in classification of blood cells in the peripheral blood film is an evolving field in haematology. We performed a rapid review of the literature on AI and peripheral blood films, evaluating the condition studied, image datasets, machine learning models, training set size, testing set size and accuracy. A total of 283 studies were identified, encompassing 6 broad domains: malaria (n = 95), leukemia (n = 81), leukocytes (n = 72), mixed (n = 25), erythrocytes (n = 15) or Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) (n = 1).

Commutability assessment of human urine certified reference materials for albumin and creatinine on multiple clinical analyzers using different statistical models.

Urine albumin concentration and albumin-creatinine ratio are important for the screening of early-stage kidney damage. Commutable urine certified reference materials (CRMs) for albumin and creatinine are necessary for standardization of urine albumin and accurate measurement of albumin-urine ratio. Two urine CRMs for albumin and creatinine with certified values determined using higher-order reference measurement procedures were evaluated for their commutability on five brands/models of clinical analyzers where different reagent kits were used, including Roche Cobas c702, Roche Cobas c311, Siemens Atellica CH, Beckman Coulter AU5800, and Abbott Architect c16000.

Does the use of fish oil-based lipid emulsion in the clinical setting of total parenteral nutrition and lipid rescue therapy interfere with common laboratory analytes on Roche Cobas 6000?

Background: Lipaemic interference on automated analysers has been widely studied using soy-based emulsion such as Intralipid. Due to the greater adoption of fish oil-based lipid emulsion for total parenteral nutrition in view of improved clinical outcomes, we seek to characterize the optical properties of SMOFlipid 20% (Fresenius Kabi, Bad Homburg, Germany), a fish oil-based emulsion, on the Roche Cobas 6000 chemistry analyser (Roche Diagnostic, Basel, Switzerland).

Method: Various amounts of SMOFlipid were spiked into pooled serums.

Commutable whole blood reference materials for hemoglobin A1c validated on multiple clinical analyzers.

Background The measurement of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is important for diagnosing diabetes mellitus as well as assessing glycemic control in diabetic patients. Commutable whole blood certified reference materials (CRMs) are needed in the measurement of HbA1c for method validation and/or as quality controls. Methods We developed three levels of hemolyzed whole blood CRMs for HbA1c.

Association of circulating proinflammatory marker, leucine-rich-α2-glycoprotein (LRG1), following metabolic/bariatric surgery.

Background: Obesity confers substantial excess risk for morbidity and mortality, especially for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Leucine-rich-α2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1), a novel proinflammatory factor, was recently reported to be higher in patients with T2D with complications of peripheral arterial disease. Association of LRG1, obesity, and weight loss is unknown.

Relationship between measured average glucose by continuous glucose monitor and HbA1c measured by three different routine laboratory methods.

Objectives: The relationship between glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and average glucose has been described by the empirically derived estimated average glucose (eAG) equation in the A1c-Derived Average Glucose (ADAG) study, with extensive calibration efforts in four secondary reference HbA1c methods. It is not known if this relationship is preserved when HbA1c is measured by routine laboratory methods under routine conditions.

Design And Methods: We measured average glucose (mAG) by six days of continuous glucose monitoring in 45 adults with stable HbA1c (<1% HbA1c change in the preceding two months).

Immunoglobulin-associated creatine kinase masquerading as macro-creatine kinase type 2 in a statin user.

Macro-creatine kinase (CK) is a cause of falsely elevated CK. Macro-CK type 1 is immunoglobulin-associated CK; type 2 is polymeric mitochondrial-CK. An elderly asymptomatic lady had an elevated CK level after receiving statin therapy.

Lowering the criterion for impaired fasting glucose: impact on disease prevalence and associated risk of diabetes and ischemic heart disease.

Objective: To determine the effect of lowering the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) criterion for impaired fasting glucose (IFG) on the prevalence of IFG, the risks of diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) associated with IFG.

Research Design And Methods: Three studies were used: 1). the 1998 National Health Survey (NHS98), a randomly selected cross-sectional sample of 4723 subjects; 2).

The Singapore impaired glucose tolerance follow-up study: does the ticking clock go backward as well as forward?

Objective: To 1). document the change in glucose tolerance for subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) over time, 2). identify baseline factors associated with worsening of glucose tolerance, and 3).