Postoperative multiple perforations of the small bowel in a patient with COVID-19 - case report.

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) presented quite a diverse symptomatology, in addition to respiratory symptoms, while other clinical signs such as thrombosis, postoperative hemorrhages, acute kidney or liver failure, digestive disorders (vomiting and diarrheal stools) were also reported. We present the case of a patient diagnosed with transverse colon neoplasm and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, who presented to the Emergency Room (ER) of the Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Craiova, Romania, with a clinical picture of low intestinal occlusion. Surgery was decided and a right hemicolectomy extended to the left, with terminal ileostomy performed.

Unveiling Nanoparticles: Recent Approaches in Studying the Internalization Pattern of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Mono- and Multicellular Biological Structures.

Nanoparticle (NP)-based solutions for oncotherapy promise an improved efficiency of the anticancer response, as well as higher comfort for the patient. The current advancements in cancer treatment based on nanotechnology exploit the ability of these systems to pass biological barriers to target the tumor cell, as well as tumor cell organelles. In particular, iron oxide NPs are being clinically employed in oncological management due to this ability.

Fractal Analysis in Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Neurodegenerative diseases are defined by progressive nervous system dysfunction and death of neurons. The abnormal conformation and assembly of proteins is suggested to be the most probable cause for many of these neurodegenerative disorders, leading to the accumulation of abnormally aggregated proteins, for example, amyloid β (Aβ) (Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia), tau protein (Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration), α-synuclein (Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia), polyglutamine expansion diseases (Huntington disease), or prion proteins (Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease). An aberrant gain-of-function mechanism toward excessive intraparenchymal accumulation thus represents a common pathogenic denominator in all these proteinopathies.

Evaluation of Transient Ischemic Stroke Cases Admitted to a Tertiary Hospital in Mehedinți County, South-West of Romania.

The transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a common cerebrovascular ischemic disease whose symptoms resolve within a maximum of 24 hours. The study carried out by us is a retrospective descriptive one, in which we sought to highlight the main characteristics of TIA in patients admitted to the Emergency Hospital in Turnu-Severin municipality in Mehedinți county, in the period 2016-2020, including a group of 53 patients, mainly from Mehedinți county. The analysis of the study group and the risk factors showed that TIA mainly affects the elderly, over 50 years old, with the highest incidence being recorded in the 60-80-year age groups, with an extremely low incidence under 40 years.

Zinc-Boron-PLGA biocomposite material: preparation, structural characterization, and in vitro assessment.

Nowadays, the state-of-the-art discoveries in the field of delivery systems for therapeutic purposes have redefined the importance of biocompatible and biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanocomposites. The study aimed to obtain a biocomposite material, with improved properties of its constituents [zinc-boron (Zn-B) complex and PLGA], by a simple, cost-effective method. The water∕oil∕water double emulsion technique allowed the adjustment of the synthesis parameters, to maximize the degree of Zn-B complex encapsulation.

The influence of SARS-CoV-2 on the immune system elements and on the placental structure. Clinical, histological and immunohistochemical study.

Background: The effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during pregnancy remain relatively unknown.

Aim: We present this original paper where we analyzed 60 parturients, at term, 30 without associated infection (C-) and 30 with associated infection (C+), present at birth.

Methods: We analyzed the blood count and placental microscopic structure through classical and immunohistochemical staining and observed the placental areas affected by the presence of SARS-CoV-2.

Histopathological lesions induced by stroke in the encephalon.

Strokes are conditions with a high degree of morbidity and mortality worldwide. These conditions profoundly affect the quality of life of patients; in addition to physical disabilities, patients present various mental disorders, such as mood disorders, anxiety, depression, behavioral disorders, fatigue, etc. Microscopic lesions of the brain parenchyma explain the clinical symptoms and correlate with the severity of the stroke.

Management and Treatment of Coxarthrosis in the Orthopedic Outpatient Clinic.

Coxarthrosis, or hip osteoarthritis (OA), is one of the main causes of hip pain, which can affect patients of all ages, being one of the most common reasons for patients presenting to the specialized outpatient clinic. The objective of our research was to determine the number of patients with coxarthrosis who presented to the Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology within the Emergency County Hospital of Drobeta Turnu Severin, between 2017-2019, the sex, age, social environment of the patients. All patients underwent a thorough clinical examination to determine the risk factors, the favouring factors and their correlation with the paraclinical data obtained through imaging investigation (pelvis X-ray, computer tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance).

Assessment of Stroke Patients Admitted to a Tertiary Emergency County Hospital of Mehedinți - Romania.

Cerebrovascular accidents (CVA)-strokes represent a major public health problem worldwide, due to the large number of people affected. Also, there is a large number of people who die from stroke, especially in developing countries. Our study included a group of 119 patients, diagnosed with stroke and admitted to the Emergency Hospital of Drobeta Turnul-Severin, Mehedinți county, between 2016-2020.

Clinical and Morphological Study of Cervical Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions.

Squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) are cancer precursors targeted by secondary prevention of cervical cancer programs that are sometimes difficult to grade accurately. Mena is an actin regulatory protein involved in membrane protrusion, cell motility, in tumor invasion and metastasis. We studied retrospectively 68 cases of patients diagnosed with squamous intraepithelial lesions that received expedited treatment (treatment without colposcopic biopsy).

Correlations between Immune Response and Etiopathogenic Factors of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Cancer Patients Treated with Zoledronic Acid.

Impairment of the immune response in MRONJ (medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws) is one of the still unclear etiopathogenic mechanisms of this condition encountered in cancer patients treated with bisphosphonates, with negative effects on the patient's quality of life. The aim of the present study was to correlate the immune response with etiopathogenic factors via immunohistochemical evaluation of the maxillary tissues in zoledronic acid osteonecrosis. The retrospective study included a group of 51 patients with various types of cancers, diagnosed with stage 2 or 3 MRONJ at zoledronic acid and treated surgically.

Assessment of tumor microenvironment in gastric adenocarcinoma.

Gastric cancer (GC), despite the current possibilities of early diagnosis and curative treatment, remains a major public health problem, being one of the main causes of cancer, due to its detection in advanced stages. Screening programs applied in Western countries led to low incidence rates in these countries. Helicobacter pylori bacterial infection is considered to be the highest risk factor for the onset of GC because it causes chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa and damages hydrochloric acid secretory glands, eventually leading to atrophic gastritis, which has a potential to progress to GC.

Clinical and Histopathological Aspects of MRONJ in Cancer Patients.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a major complication of bisphosphonate treatment in cancer patients, and its etiology is not completely clarified. The study's goal is to find connections between the clinical and histopathological characteristics of osteonecrosis and bisphosphonates in a cohort of cancer patients who had osteonecrosis treated surgically. The retrospective study includes 51 patients of both sexes, aged 46 to 85 years, who underwent surgical treatment for MRONJ in two oral and maxillofacial surgery clinics (Craiova and Constanța).

Confirmation of Heart Malformations in Fetuses in the First Trimester Using Three-Dimensional Histologic Autopsy.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of histology slides to confirm congenital heart disease (CHD) detected by first-trimester fetal cardiac ultrasonography. Conventional autopsy is hindered by the small size of the first-trimester fetal heart, and current CHD confirmation studies employ the use of highly specialized and expensive methods.

Technique: An extended first-trimester ultrasound examination protocol was used to diagnose fetal heart anomalies.

Assessment of tumoral and peritumoral inflammatory reaction in cutaneous malignant melanomas.

Skin cancer is one of the most common types of cancer, with an increasing worldwide incidence in recent decades. The main risk factor for increasing the skin cancer incidence is ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Of the two major forms of skin cancer (melanomas and non-melanotic cancers), the cutaneous melanoma (CM) is the most aggressive form, causing about 80% of the deaths resulted from this type of tumor.

Subtle Immunoreactivity Differences in the Fractal Patterns of Membrane E-Cadherin in Gastric Adenocarcinoma.

Gastric cancer continues to be a significant malignancy worldwide, accounting for approximately one million new cases in 2020. Scientists are focusing on the cancerous cells' plasma membrane (PM) as a potential therapeutic target in cancer because it functions as the cell's interface with its environment through a variety of mechanisms. The capacity of membrane shape and its structures to influence biological processes frequently occurs through the regulation of enzymes or preferential protein binding to membranes via membrane shape changes.

Boron-containing compounds in Dentistry: a narrative review.

Research on the use of boron (B) in the field of oral health has gained momentum in recent years, with various studies on the possibilities of using various B-containing compounds (BCCs). A multitude of applications have been discovered, from cariostatic activity to anti-inflammatory and antifungal activity, paving the way for other new research directions. B is a microelement that is commonly found in the human diet, and present throughout the body, with the highest concentration in the structure of bones, teeth, and gastrointestinal mucus gel layer.

Histological and immunohistochemical study of brain damage in traumatic brain injuries in children, depending on the survival period.

Numerous studies showed that, at present, traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the main causes of death in young adults, but also a main cause of disabilities at all ages. For these reasons, TBI are continuously investigated. In our study, we evaluated the histopathological (HP) and immunohistochemical (IHC) changes that occurred in the brain in underage patients after a severe TBI depending on the survival period.

Subtle vascular and astrocytic changes in the brain of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.

Background And Purpose: In the central nervous system, a multitude of changes have been described associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, such as microglial activation, perivascular lymphocyte cuffing, hypoxic-ischaemic changes, microthrombosis, infarcts or haemorrhages. It was sought here to assess the vascular basement membranes (vBMs) and surrounding perivascular astrocytes for any morphological changes in acute respiratory syndrome (coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) patients.

Methods: The light microscopy morphology of the vBMs and perivascular astrocytes from brains of 14 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection was analysed and compared to four control patients utilizing fluorescent immunohistochemistry for collagen IV and astrocytes (GFAP), endothelia (CD31), tight junction 1 (TJ1) adhesion protein, as well as the aquaporin 4 (AQP4) water channel.

Specific Local Predictors That Reflect the Tropism of Endometriosis-A Multiple Immunohistochemistry Technique.

Ectopic endometrial epithelium associates a wide spectrum of symptomatology. Their evolution can be influenced by inflammatory and vascular changes, that affect not only the structure and cell proliferation rate, but also symptoms. This prospective study involved tissue samples from surgically treated patients, stained using classical histotechniques and immunohistochemistry.

E-Cadherin Modulation and Inter-Cellular Trafficking in Tubular Gastric Adenocarcinoma: A High-Resolution Microscopy Pilot Study.

Despite the numerous advances in tumor molecular biology and chemotherapy options, gastric adenocarcinoma is still the most frequent form of gastric cancer. One of the core proteins that regulates inter-cellular adhesion, E-cadherin plays important roles in tumorigenesis as well as in tumor progression; however, the exact expression changes and modulation that occur in gastric cancer are not yet fully understood. In an attempt to estimate if the synthesis/degradation balance matches the final membrane expression of this adhesion molecule in cancer tissue, we assessed the proportion of E-cadherin that is found in the Golgi vesicles as well as in the lysosomal pathway We utilized archived tissue fragments from 18 patients with well and poorly differentiated intestinal types of gastric cancer and 5 samples of normal gastric mucosa, by using high-magnification multispectral microscopy and high-resolution fluorescence deconvolution microscopy.

Macroscopic Changes in Oral Mucosa and Hygiene Indicators in Smokers.

Unlabelled: Smoking is the most important factor affecting the oral cavity by components born in the tobacco combustion process and acting directly on the oral mucous membranes, dental arch and indirectly on the teeth support. Recent studies show the tobacco action on the oral cavity, manifestations in the form of gingivitis, bacterial plaque, dental plaque, papillary bleeding at drilling, periodontitis.

Purpose Of The Study: In this study, we have set out to assess the macroscopic modifications of oral cavity on smokers.

Colorectal Cancer in County Durham-England a Clinical and Statistical Study.

Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequently occurring malignancies which associates increasing mortality and morbidity rates. According to data provided by the World Health Organization, colorectal cancer deaths account for approximately 13% of all cancer fatalities. The carcinogenesis of this type of malignancy is a very complex process characterized by various molecular changes which in turn are influenced by factors likes sex, diet, intestinal microbiota, exposure to environmental factors, hosts' immune response and also genetic factors.