FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH DELAYED DIAGNOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY VITREORETINAL LYMPHOMA.

Purpose: To identify demographic and clinical factors associated with delayed diagnosis in patients with primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL).

Methods: Retrospective, tertiary referral center-based cohort study of all patients at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, with a biopsy-proven diagnosis of VRL from January 1, 2000, to October 31, 2022.

Results: There were 87 patients included during the 22-year study period with 73 patients (83.

Scleral sutured toric intraocular lens with pars plana vitrectomy for the correction of corneal astigmatism without capsular support.

Purpose: To describe the repair of a patient with bilateral subluxed cataract and corneal astigmatism in the setting of a coloboma of the iris, zonules, lens, and retina. Pre-operatively his best corrected acuity was 20/500 OD and 20/200 OS. His pre-operative refraction was -7.

SUBRETINAL PHIALOPHORA ABSCESS IN CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE.

Purpose: To report a rare case of a subretinal Phialophora richardsiae abscess in a patient with chronic granulomatous disease.

Methods: A 21-year-old man with chronic granulomatous disease and a history of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis presented with progressive loss of vision and pain in his left eye. He was found to have a subretinal abscess with a macula involving serous retinal detachment.

GORE-TEX SUTURE-ASSOCIATED ENDOPHTHALMITIS IN A SCLERAL-SUTURED INTRAOCULAR LENS.

Purpose: To describe a unique case of Gore-Tex (Gore Medical, AZ) suture-associated delayed-onset endophthalmitis in a patient with a history of scleromalacia, pathologic myopia, multiple prior vitrectomies in the setting of a scleral-sutured intraocular lens (IOL).

Methods: A 69-year-old man complained of blurry vision and eye pain 21 months after implantation of a scleral-sutured IOL and was found to have an exposed Gore-Tex suture with scleromalacia, vision loss to hand motion, a hypopyon, and vitritis. He was diagnosed with culture-positive endophthalmitis.

Mask-induced Artifact Impacts Intraocular Pressure Measurement Using Goldmann Applanation Tonometry.

Purpose: The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted ophthalmology practices significantly. American Academy of Ophthalmology and Center for Disease Control guidelines suggest mandatory masking of patients and physicians during outpatient visits. We have recently become aware of a mask-induced phenomenon, whereby the intraocular pressure (IOP) as measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) is artificially elevated due to mechanical interference from the mask.

Changes in Iridocorneal Angle and Anterior Chamber Structure in Eyes With Anatomically Narrow Angles: Laser Iridotomy Versus Pilocarpine.

Purpose: To compare the effects of laser iridotomy (LI) and pilocarpine on iridocorneal angle and anterior chamber structure in anatomically narrow angles (ANAs).

Materials And Methods: Temporal LI was performed 90 minutes after 2% pilocarpine administration in patients with occludable ANA. Swept-source optical coherence tomography B-scans of the anterior segment were obtained at baseline, 60 minutes after 2% pilocarpine administration, and 1 week after LI.

Relationship Between Optic Nerve Head Drusen Volume and Structural and Functional Optic Nerve Damage.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess the relationships between optic nerve head drusen (ONHD) volume, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and visual field (VF) loss.

Methods: Patients with ONHD and no other ocular or systemic conditions that can affect RNFL or VF were enrolled. Serial enhanced depth imaging (EDI) optical coherence tomography (OCT) B-scans of the optic nerve head (interval between scans, ~30 μm) were obtained from each participant.

Glaucoma Patient-Reported Concerns and Associated Factors.

Purpose: To assess the character and degree of concerns of glaucoma patients and identify demographic/clinical factors affecting the concerns.

Design: Prospective cross-sectional study.

Methods: A questionnaire that addressed patients' concerns was administered to consecutive glaucoma patients.

Neuropsychological Test Performance to Enhance Identification of Subjects at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis and to Be Most Promising for Predictive Algorithms for Conversion to Psychosis: A Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To compare neuropsychological performance in people at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR), healthy controls (HCs), or subjects with first-episode psychosis (FEP).

Data Sources: Systematic PubMed/MEDLINE search through January 2014, without language restrictions, using search terms prodrome OR clinical high-risk OR ultra-high risk AND cognition OR individual test names.

Study Selection: Studies reporting neuropsychological data in CHR versus a HC or FEP groups or comparing CHR subjects who converted to psychosis (CHR-P) with CHR subjects who did not convert to psychosis (CHR-NP).

Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome Presenting With Large Diurnal Intraocular Pressure Fluctuation.

Purpose Of The Study: The purpose of the study was to report a case of iridocorneal endothelial syndrome with an initial presentation of a large diurnal fluctuation of intraocular pressure (IOP) which peaked early in the morning.

Methods: A 31-year-old white man had transient blurry vision oculus sinister (OS) upon awakening in the morning for the past 2 months. The blurry vision improved within 1 to 2 hours.

Effect of Pilocarpine Hydrochloride on the Schlemm Canal in Healthy Eyes and Eyes With Open-Angle Glaucoma.

Importance: The in vivo effect of pilocarpine hydrochloride on the Schlemm canal may help explain its pharmacologic mechanism of action and better indicate its clinical use.

Objective: To investigate the effect of pilocarpine on the structure of the Schlemm canal in vivo in healthy eyes and eyes with glaucoma.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this case-control study, healthy individuals and patients with open-angle glaucoma were prospectively enrolled between September 1, 2013, and June 30, 2014, after a complete ophthalmologic examination at a tertiary glaucoma referral practice.

Effect of Low-Magnitude, High-Frequency Mechanical Stimulation on BMD Among Young Childhood Cancer Survivors: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Bone accrual during youth is critical to establish sufficient strength for lifelong skeletal health. Children with cancer may develop low bone mineral density (BMD) any time before or after diagnosis.

Objective: To evaluate the ability of low-magnitude, high-frequency mechanical stimulation to enhance BMD among childhood cancer survivors.

Self-reported global function among adult survivors of childhood lower-extremity bone tumors: a report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS).

Introduction: Adult survivors of childhood lower-extremity bone tumors may experience physical and psychosocial late effects that impact physical performance, global function and quality of life. The identification of survivors at greatest risk for poor outcomes will inform potential intervention targets.

Methods: Study participants were selected from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS), a multi-institutional study of childhood cancer survivors.

Role of acidic sphingomyelinase in Fas/CD95-mediated cell death.

Engagement of the Fas receptor has been reported to induce ceramide generation via activation of acidic sphingomyelinase (aSMase). However, the role of aSMase in Fas-mediated cell death is controversial. Using genetically engineered mice deficient in the aSMase gene (aSMase(-/-)), we found that thymocytes, concanavalin A-activated T cells, and lipopolysaccharide-activated B cells derived from both aSMase(-/-) and aSMase(+/+) mice were equally sensitive to Fas-mediated cell death, triggered by either anti-Fas antibody or Fas ligand in vitro.

Fas (CD95) participates in peripheral T cell deletion and associated apoptosis in vivo.

Following exposure to some types of antigen (superantigens), responsive T cells expand and then decline in numbers, a phenomenon that has been called 'peripheral deletion'. This process may play a role in limiting autoimmune reactions and in the maintenance of immune homeostasis. Here we describe experiments on peripheral deletion in mice carrying the lpr/lpr defect, which has been shown to be due to defective production of the CD95/Fas molecule.

Cell-autonomous Fas (CD95)/Fas-ligand interaction mediates activation-induced apoptosis in T-cell hybridomas.

A number of murine T-cell hybridomas undergo apoptosis within a few hours of activation by specific antigens, mitogens, antibodies against the T-cell antigen receptor, or a combination of phorbol ester and calcium ionophore. This phenomenon has been extensively studied as a model for clonal deletion in the immune system, in which potentially autoreactive T cells eliminate themselves by apoptosis after activation, either in the thymus or in the periphery. Here we show that the Fas/CD95 receptor, which can transduce a potent apoptotic signal when ligand, is rapidly expressed following activation of T-cell hybridomas, as is its functional, membrane-bound ligand.

Prevention of spontaneous abortion in DBA/2-mated CBA/J mice by GM-CSF involves CD8+ T cell-dependent suppression of natural effector cell cytotoxicity against trophoblast target cells.

Spontaneous resorption (abortion) that occurs at a high rate in DBA/2-mated CBA/J female mice is dependent upon asialoGM1+ natural effector-type cells, can be ameliorated by alloimmunization or administration of GM-CSF, and is augmented by in vivo injection of anti-CD8 antibody. The abortion rate was similarly augmented by administration of monoclonal anti-GM-CSF neutralizing antibody, but the GM-CSF physiologically active in preventing abortion during normal pregnancy did not appear to be derived from maternal CB8+ T cells putatively responding to antigens on the fetoplacental unit. Rather, depletion of CD8+ cells in vivo prevented GM-CSF from reducing the rate of resorptions.

Role of DNA fragmentation in T cell activation-induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo.

Apoptotic cell death, characterized by DNA fragmentation and morphologic changes, has previously been shown to occur in immature thymocytes and some T cell hybridomas after activation. Like some other forms of apoptosis, DNA fragmentation during activation-induced cell death precedes the morphologic events. For apoptosis to proceed, activation of the cells must persist at least to the time of DNA fragmentation, before which the cells can remain viable if the activation signal is removed.

Immunoregulatory activity of the T-cell receptor alpha chain demonstrated by retroviral gene transfer.

We have previously described an antigen-specific I-Ad-restricted T-cell hybridoma, A1.1, that constitutively releases an antigen-specific immunoregulatory activity into supernatants. Using retrovirally mediated gene transfer, we have found that transfer of the T-cell receptor alpha chain (TCR alpha) gene from A1.

Kinetics of murine delayed-type hypersensitivity response to Eimeria falciformis (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae).

Mice recovering from a primary infection with an intestinal protozoan parasite, Eimeria falciformis (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae), showed a classic delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction to oocyst antigen challenge. This reaction was characterized by a biphasic pattern of footpad swelling. The first swelling peaked at 2 h after antigen challenge, whereas the second swelling peaked at 24 to 48 h after challenge.

An immunogenic antigen of murine Plasmodium yoelii 17X associates with class I MHC glycoproteins.

Reticulocytes infected with the non-lethal variant of Plasmodium yoelii 17X (PY17X-NL) express elevated levels of class I, but not class II, MHC Ag when compared with non-parasitized reticulocytes. In contrast, class I Ag are not detectable on erythrocytes parasitized by the lethal variant PY17X-L. In addition, the responder status of various inbred strains of mice to PY17X-NL has been shown to positively correlate with the levels of class I MHC antigens expressed on PY17X-NL parasitized red blood cells (PRBC).

Immunoregulatory effects of lymphokine-driven placental cells on cloned T cells in vitro.

Successful pregnancy is associated with maternal immune sensitization to placental antigens. Placental trophoblast cells at the maternal-fetal interface express histocompatibility antigens of both the maternal and paternal haplotypes. In particular, these paternal-type antigens have the potential to stimulate alloreactive maternal immune responses and, as a result, maternal T cells appear in the decidua shortly after class I major histocompatibility complex encoded antigens are expressed.