Analysis of geometric defects in square locally resonant phononic crystals: A comparative study of modeling approachesa).

Phononic crystals can develop defects during manufacturing that alter the desired dynamic response and bandgap behavior. This frequency behavior change can enable successful defect inspection if the characteristic defect response is known. In this study, the behavior of a defective square unit cell comprising a freed and shortened leg is studied using a wave finite element method and an approximate continuous-lumped model to elucidate the defect induced qualitative dynamical features.

Frequency selective wave beaming in nonreciprocal acoustic phased arrays.

Acoustic phased arrays are capable of steering and focusing a beam of sound via selective coordination of the spatial distribution of phase angles between multiple sound emitters. Constrained by the principle of reciprocity, conventional phased arrays exhibit identical transmission and reception patterns which limit the scope of their operation. This work presents a controllable space-time acoustic phased array which breaks time-reversal symmetry, and enables phononic transition in both momentum and energy spaces.

Evaluation of the Effect of MTAD on Expression of Enterococcus faecalis Virulence Factors Considering the Role of Different Obturating Materials.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of MTAD on the expression of virulence factors of Enterococcus faecalis (E.faecalis) considering the role of Guttapercha/AH26 or Resilon/RealSeal SE as root canal obturating materials.

Materials And Methods: One-hundred and forty-four single-rooted human teeth were instrumented to a standardized apical size.

The effect of lactulose supplementation on fecal microflora of patients with chronic kidney disease; a randomized clinical trial.

Introduction: Lactulose is a prebiotic with bifidogenic and urea reduction effects. It can improve Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli counts in healthy humans and it may possibly have similar effects in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of lactulose on fecal microflora of patients with CKD.