Hemorrhagic Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis (LETM) as a First Presentation of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD): A Case Report and Literature Review.

Here we present a rare case of hemorrhagic longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) as a first presentation of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder. Even though the patient received aggressive treatment, he showed no significant improvement. Our case highlights the importance of prompt intervention in the case of hemorrhagic myelitis and the diagnostic challenges of hemorrhagic LETM.

Effects of Acupuncture on Cognitive Functions in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To explore the effects of acupuncture in comparison with sham acupuncture on cognitive functions in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS).

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 31 RRMS patients in the acupuncture group were treated with traditional Chinese acupuncture based on the treatment principle of calming the mind, reinforcing qi and blood, and 31 patients in the control group were treated with sham acupuncture (shallow needling at non-acupuncture points) twice a week for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) score, which was evaluated by a psychologist at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment.

The impact of social and environmental factors on triggering multiple sclerosis onset, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective study from Iran.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory, and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. The first presentation's possible triggers are still controversial among scientists. The objective of this study is to investigate and compare the potential social, environmental, and physical factors that may have contributed to the onset of MS before and during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

A multicenter multinational study to evaluate different aspects of the relationship between MS and pregnancy.

Background: To investigate the pregnancy-related issues in females with multiple sclerosis (MS) from Turkiye, Egypt, Kuwait, and Iran.

Methods: 1692 pregnancies of 701 females with MS were evaluated in this retrospective multicenter, international project. Demographics, clinical features, pregnancy outcomes, relapses, effects of exposure to disease-modifying drugs on pregnancy and fetus, and worries about pregnancy decisions were investigated.

Suspension training improves bilateral isometric strength asymmetry of knee muscles in people with multiple sclerosis.

Introduction: Most people with multiple sclerosis are diagnosed with bilateral strength asymmetry in the lower limbs. Strength asymmetry increases muscle metabolic cost, muscle fatigability, postural instability, gait disturbance, imbalance, and risk of falling, and negatively affects the quality of life in PwMS. So far, the effects of rehabilitation exercises on reducing the asymmetric index in this population has not been studied convincingly.

Desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma/ ganglioglioma in a pediatric onset multiple sclerosis patient: A case report.

Here we present a co-occurrence of a non-typical presentation of DIG/DIA and multiple sclerosis in a 13-year-old female. Our case highlights how a thorough investigation prior to treatment is needed in patients with such condition to choose proper management for better prognosis.

Fingolimod-associated Balo's concentric sclerosis in multiple sclerosis: A case report.

A report of Balo's concentric sclerosis developed alongside with fingolimod use in a patient with previously diagnosed multiple sclerosis.

Effects of vaccination on COVID-19 infection symptoms in multiple sclerosis patients.

Background: Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are at higher risk of having infections due to receiving disease modifying therapies. The current study was conducted among Iranian MS patients who had experienced at least one episode of COVID-19 infection in order to evaluate the effects of COVID-19 vaccination on symptoms of their infection. Data on demographic information, MS characteristics, COVID-19 infection details, and vaccination status were collected.

A multi-centre longitudinal study analysing multiple sclerosis disease-modifying therapy prescribing patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic raised concern amongst clinicians that disease-modifying therapies (DMT), particularly anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) and fingolimod, could worsen COVID-19 in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). This study aimed to examine DMT prescribing trends pre- and post-pandemic onset.

Methods: A multi-centre longitudinal study with 8,771 participants from MSBase was conducted.

Exploring the relationship between disability status, depression, and quality of life in individuals with multiple sclerosis.

Introduction: Depression and the presence of a disability emerge as noteworthy predictors of the quality of life (QoL) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). In this article, we explore the relationship between disability status, depression, and quality of life in individuals with multiple sclerosis.

Methods: A total of 150 patients participated in this cross-sectional study.

Investigating the effects of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 on clinical outcomes in multiple sclerosis patients: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial- a pilot study.

Background: The primary objective of this clinical trial was to assess whether administrating oral calcifediol (25(OH)D) could enhance the clinical outcomes of patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis.

Methods: This clinical trial was designed as a randomized, double-blind, two-arm study, with 25 participants receiving daily 50 μg of calcifediol and 25 people receiving daily 50 μg of cholecalciferol. The primary outcomes were serum levels of 25(OH)D, number of relapses, changes in Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), the 25-foot walk, and cognitive function.

Far-red and sensitive sensor for monitoring real time HO dynamics with subcellular resolution and in multi-parametric imaging applications.

HO is a key oxidant in mammalian biology and a pleiotropic signaling molecule at the physiological level, and its excessive accumulation in conjunction with decreased cellular reduction capacity is often found to be a common pathological marker. Here, we present a red fluorescent Genetically Encoded HO Indicator (GEHI) allowing versatile optogenetic dissection of redox biology. Our new GEHI, oROS-HT, is a chemigenetic sensor utilizing a HaloTag and Janelia Fluor (JF) rhodamine dye as fluorescent reporters.

Immunoregulatory Effects of the Active Form of Vitamin D (Calcitriol), Individually and in Combination with Curcumin, on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Patients.

Objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease affecting the central nervous system. Immune cell subsets, notably T helper (Th) 17 and Th1, exert important roles in MS pathogenesis. Whereas, Treg cells modulate the disease process.

Time interval between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and the influential factors: A national registry-based study.

Objective: The time to diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is of great importance for early treatment, thereby reducing the disability and burden of the disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the time from the onset of clinical symptoms to the diagnosis of MS and to evaluate the factors associated with a late diagnosis in Iranian MS patients.

Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with MS who were registered in the National MS Registry System of Iran (NMSRI).

Evaluation of obsessive-compulsive disorder prevalence in Iranian patients with multiple sclerosis and its relationship with demographic characteristics.

The present study examined the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) among Iranian patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and the relationship between OCD and the patient's demographic characteristics. The present study used a cluster sampling method to randomly select 297 patients with MS from the patients referred to the MS Clinic and Research Center of Sina University Hospital, Tehran, Iran, during 2018-2019. To gather the required data, a questionnaire consisting of demographic characteristics and disease information sections was used.

Far-red and sensitive sensor for monitoring real time HO dynamics with subcellular resolution and in multi-parametric imaging applications.

HO is a key oxidant in mammalian biology and a pleiotropic signaling molecule at the physiological level, and its excessive accumulation in conjunction with decreased cellular reduction capacity is often found to be a common pathological marker. Here, we present a red fluorescent Genetically Encoded HO Indicator (GEHI) allowing versatile optogenetic dissection of redox biology. Our new GEHI, oROS-HT, is a chemigenetic sensor utilizing a HaloTag and Janelia Fluor (JF) rhodamine dye as fluorescent reporters.

The Prevalence of Cancer in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) who were Under Treatment with Natalizumab (Tysabri): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: To determine the pooled prevalence of cancer in subjects with multiple sclerosis (MS) who received Natalizumab.

Methods: Two researchers systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, google scholar, and gray literature including references of the included studies. The search strategy which was used in PubMed was ("Disseminated Sclerosis" OR "multiple sclerosis" OR "MS" OR "Acute Fulminating") AND ("Cancer" OR "Neoplasia*" OR "Neoplasm*" OR "Tumor*" OR "Malignancy" OR "Benign Neoplasm" OR "Malignant neoplasm") AND ("Tysabri" OR "Antegren" OR "natalizumab" OR "Modifying Therapy").

Research Focuses and Trends in Multiple Sclerosis: A Scientometric Analysis.

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to analyze the multiple sclerosis research in Science Citation Index-Expanded from 1992 to 2019 in order to determine the top features, trends, and topics.

Methods: In this scientometric study, research population was all articles related to multiple sclerosis in the Web of Science from 1992 to 2019. These articles were retrieved from the Science Citation Index-Expanded and analyzed based on various indicators and characteristics.

False positives and false negatives in benzene biological monitoring.

Benzene is a commonly used industrial chemical that is a significant environmental pollutant. Occupational health specialists and industrial toxicologists are concerned with determining the exact amount of exposure to chemicals in the workplace. There are two main approaches to assess chemical exposure; air monitoring and biological monitoring.

Fear of re-infection, relapse, and anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic in patients with multiple sclerosis: A multi-center study.

Fear of relapse and re-infection during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic can affect people with chronic relapsing diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). We evaluated fear of re-infection, anxiety, and relapse during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iranian people with MS. This multicenter, cross-sectional study was performed in the MS clinic of Sina Hospital, Tehran, Iran, and Hakim Private Hospital, Isfahan, Iran, between January and April 2022.

Iranian specialists' approach to surgery in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Data on perioperative risk stratification in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are limited. In this regard, the present study was conducted to investigate Iranian specialists' approach to surgical counseling for patients with MS (PwMS). 21 MS specialists were asked about 11 case scenarios with different MS disease statuses, disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), and urgency of the operation.

Waterpipe and cigarette smoking and drug and alcohol consumption, and the risk of primary progressive multiple sclerosis: A population-based case-control study.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic central nervous system disease, and primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) is one the main types of MS, which has unknown environmental risk factors. The present study was conducted with the aim to identify the association of waterpipe and cigarette smoking, substance abuse, and alcohol consumption with the risk of PPMS development. A population-based, case-control study was conducted in Tehran, Iran, on 146 PPMS cases and 294 controls.