Structurally Stable Hollow-Fiber-Based Porous Graphene Oxide Membranes with Improved Rejection Performance by Selective Patching of Framework Defects with Metal-Organic Framework Crystals.

Graphene oxide (GO)-based membranes have demonstrated great potential in water treatment. However, microdefects in the framework of GO membranes induced by the imperfect stacking of GO nanosheets undermine their size-sieving ability and structural stability in aqueous systems. This study proposes a targeted growth approach by growing zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanocrystals precisely to patch microdefects as well as to cross-link the porous graphene oxide (PGO) flakes coated on the outer surface of the hollow fiber (HF) alumina substrate (named the hybrid PGO/ZIF-8 membrane).

Facile orientation control of MOF-303 hollow fiber membranes by a dual-source seeding method.

Metal‒organic frameworks (MOFs) are nanoporous crystalline materials with enormous potential for further development into a new class of high-performance membranes. However, the preparation of defect-free and water-stable MOF membranes with high permselectivity and good structural integrity remains a challenge. Herein, we demonstrate a dual-source seeding (DS) approach to produce high-performance, water-stable MOF-303 membranes with hollow fiber (HF) geometry and preferentially tailored crystallographic orientation.

Highlighting roles of autophagy in human diseases: a perspective from single-cell RNA sequencing analyses.

Autophagy, the lysosome-driven breakdown of intracellular components, is pivotal in regulating eukaryotic cellular processes and maintaining homeostasis, making it physiologically important even under normal conditions. Cellular mechanisms involving autophagy include the response to nutrient deprivation, intracellular quality control, early development, and cell differentiation. Despite its established health significance, the role of autophagy in cancer and other diseases remains complex and not fully understood.

Neuroprotective properties of a thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivative as an inhibitory agent against memory impairment and phosphorylated tau: In vitro and in vivo investigations.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegeneration that results in memory disorders and cognitive impairment. The present study investigated the neuroprotective effects of the synthesized thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivative, (E)-5-(4-chlorobenzylidene)-3-(2-oxo-2-phenylethyl)thiazolidine-2,4-dione (TZ4C), an inhibitor of p-Tau and memory impairment, using a SH-SY5Y cell model of methamphetamine-induced tauopathy and a scopolamine-induced memory impairment model in Wistar rats. In the present study, the neuroprotective effect of TZ4C was studied in a SH-SY5Y cellular model of methamphetamine-induced (2 mM) tauopathy and a scopolamine-induced (1.

Formation of All-Carbon Quaternary Centers via Enantioselective Pd-Catalyzed α-Vinylation of γ-Lactams.

Herein, we report an enantioselective vinylation of α-substituted γ-lactams that forges quaternary centers in up to 59% yield with 94% ee. The use of canonically inactive vinyl chloride electrophiles afforded the highest yields and levels of stereoselectivity, and a range of trisubstituted vinyl chlorides were found to be proficient in promoting this transformation. These stereogenic products could be further elaborated to functionally rich scaffolds, thereby highlighting the synthetic utility of this process.

Citrate polymer optical fiber for measuring refractive index based on LSPR sensor.

Fiber optic localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensors have become an effective tool in refractive index (RI) detection for biomedical applications because of their high sensitivity. However, using conventional optical fiber has caused limitations in implanting the sensor in the body. This research presents the design and construction of a new type of polymer-based LSPR sensors to address this issue.

Association of common single-nucleotide polymorphism of HHEX with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disease that occurs as a result of insulin resistance and low insulin production. T2DM involves many organ systems that include macro-vascular and micro-vascular complications. Several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and candidate gene studies have suggested a large number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on several genes such as that were associated with T2DM susceptibility.

Tunable Fungal Monofilaments from Food Waste for Textile Applications.

A fungal biorefinery is presented to valorize food waste to fungal monofilaments with tunable properties for different textile applications. is successfully grown on bread waste and the fibrous cell wall is isolated. A spinnable hydrogel is produced from cell wall by protonation of amino groups of chitosan followed by homogenization and concentration.

miRNAs as short non-coding RNAs in regulating doxorubicin resistance.

The treatment of cancer patients has been prohibited by chemoresistance. Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anti-tumor compound disrupting proliferation and triggering cell cycle arrest via inhibiting activity of topoisomerase I and II. miRNAs are endogenous RNAs localized in cytoplasm to reduce gene level.

Association between the copper/selenium ratio and the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

To assess the association serum levels of selenium (Se) and copper (Cu) with symptoms and IgG immune response to SARS-CoV-2. Blood samples and nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained from 126 COVID-19 patients with mild and severe symptoms. The serum levels of Cu and Se were measured by atomic-absorption spectrophotometry.

What is a Cross-Coupling? An Argument for a Universal Definition.

Despite amazing advances in cross-coupling technologies over the past several decades, there is not a consistent definition of what a cross-coupling reaction is. Often, definitions rely on comparison to "traditional" palladium-catalyzed cross-couplings pioneered in the 1970s by chemists such as Suzuki, Negishi, and Heck. While these reactions provide a basis for a cross-coupling definition, they do not define this type of transformation, originally described by Linstead almost 20 years prior.

The relationship between personality dimensions with resiliency and sense of coherence with respect to the role of spiritual health in the patients' candidate for eye surgery.

Introduction: This research aimed to determine the relationship between personality dimensions with the rate of resiliency and internal cohesion regarding the intermediary role of spiritual health in candidate patients for eye surgery.

Methods: The method used in this is of correlation type, and statistical population in this project included all eye patients chosen for eye surgery who were examined at technical eye clinics in Tehran. The statistical sample included 200 patients from the statistical population who were chosen through a targeted sampling method.

Effects of MRI on stemness properties of Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), derived from various tissues, are served as a promising source of cells in clinic and regenerative medicine. Umbilical cord-Wharton's jelly (WJ-MSCs)-derived MSCs exhibit advantages over those from adult tissues, such as no ethical concerns, shorter population doubling time, broad differentiation potential, readily available non-invasive source, prolonged maintenance of stemness properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of MRI (1.

Anti-apoptotic properties of N-Acetyl cysteine and its effects on of Liver X receptor and Sirtuin 1 expression in the liver of rats exposed to Lead.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the expression of Liver X receptor (Lxr), Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), apoptotic-related genes, and the protective role of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in the liver of rats treated with Lead (Pb).

Methods: Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, including G1 (control), G2 (single dose of Pb), G3 (continuous dose of Pb), G4 (single dose of Pb + NAC), and G5 (continuous dose of Pb + NAC). Lipid profiles and liver specific enzymes were assessed.

Adverse outcome and severity of COVID-19 in patients with autoimmune bullous diseases: A historical cohort study.

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns regarding the outcome of this infection in patients with autoimmune bullous dermatoses (AIBDs) due to effect of drugs used to treat these disorders. This investigation was performed from the onset of the pandemic to June 1, 2021. Patients with AIBDs who contracted COVID-19 were evaluated.

Facile Synthesis of NiO/ZnO nanocomposite as an effective platform for electrochemical determination of carbamazepine.

The pharmaceutical science demand for sustainable and selective electrochemical sensors which exhibit ultrasensitive capabilities for the monitoring of different drugs. In an attempt to build a useful electrochemical sensor, we describe a most efficient method for the fabrication of NiO/ZnO nanocomposite through aqueous chemical growth method. The successfully synthesized NiO/ZnO nanocomposite is successfully employed to modify a glassy carbon electrode in order to build a sensitive and reliable electrochemical sensor for the detection of carbamazepine (CBZ), an anticonvulsant drug.

Evaluation of quality of life and self-efficacy in adolescents with amblyopia.

Amblyopia is an acquired defect due to a lack of visual stimulation. Self-efficacy is one of the factors affecting the quality of life (QoL) of individuals. Low self-efficacy can decrease cognitive and behavioral functioning, whereas increased self-efficacy leads to a change in treatment acceptance behavior and, subsequently, physical and mental health.

Ir-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation of Dialkyl Malonates Enabling the Construction of Enantioenriched All-Carbon Quaternary Centers.

An enantioselective iridium-catalyzed allylic alkylation of malonates with trisubstituted allylic electrophiles to form all-carbon quaternary stereocenters is reported. This reaction proceeds at ambient temperature and enables the preparation of a wide range of enantioenriched products in up to 93% yield and 97% ee. The quaternary products can be readily converted to several valuable building blocks such as vicinal quaternary products and β-quaternary acids.

Detection of COVID-19 in tears of ICU-admitted patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Purpose: Upon the outbreak of 2019, novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic confirmed the cases surpassed 20 million. Despite a few reports identified the association of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with ocular manifestations, it may assess the ocular symptoms of patients with the COVID-19 by ophthalmologists facilitate the diagnosis and prevent transmission.

Methods: A total of 60 patients with the COVID-19 admitted to Baghiatallah hospital from March 2020 to May 2020 were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed for the ocular manifestations, blood tests, and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 using nasopharyngeal and conjunctival swabs.

In Situ Derived Hybrid Carbon Molecular Sieve Membranes with Tailored Ultramicroporosity for Efficient Gas Separation.

Fine control of ultramicroporosity (<7 Å) in carbon molecular sieve (CMS) membranes is highly desirable for challenging gas separation processes. Here, a versatile approach is proposed to fabricate hybrid CMS (HCMS) membranes with unique textural properties as well as tunable ultramicroporosity. The HCMS membranes are formed by pyrolysis of a polymer nanocomposite precursor containing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as a carbonizable nanoporous filler.

Fha Deficient Isolates in Iran with 50 Years Whole Cell Pertussis Vaccination.

Background: , a highly contagious respiratory. Notably, the resurgence of pertussis has recently been associated with the lacking production of vaccine virulence factors. This study aimed to screen pertactin (Prn) and filamentous hemagglutinin (Fha) production in Iran with 50 years' whole cell vaccine (WCV) immunization program.

EEG Signal Diversity Varies With Sleep Stage and Aspects of Dream Experience.

Several theories link consciousness to complex cortical dynamics, as suggested by comparison of brain signal diversity between conscious states and states where consciousness is lost or reduced. In particular, Lempel-Ziv complexity, amplitude coalition entropy and synchrony coalition entropy distinguish wakefulness and REM sleep from deep sleep and anesthesia, and are elevated in psychedelic states, reported to increase the range and vividness of conscious contents. Some studies have even found correlations between complexity measures and facets of self-reported experience.

A sensitive and fast approach for voltammetric analysis of bisphenol a as a toxic compound in food products using a Pt-SWCNTs/ionic liquid modified sensor.

A sensitive and fast approach has been introduced for the voltammetric sensing of bisphenol A based on modification of a paste electrode with Pt-SWCNTs and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium n-butylsulfate as a highly conductive binder. The new sensor was used to determine the concentration of bisphenol A in food products in I-V mode. The Pt-SWCNTs nanocomposite was synthesized through the polyol method and its morphology was evaluated by field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy techniques.