The genomic portrait of the Picene culture provides new insights into the Italic Iron Age and the legacy of the Roman Empire in Central Italy.

Background: The Italic Iron Age is characterized by the presence of various ethnic groups partially examined from a genomic perspective. To explore the evolution of Iron Age Italic populations and the genetic impact of Romanization, we focus on the Picenes, one of the most fascinating pre-Roman civilizations, who flourished on the Middle Adriatic side of Central Italy between the 9 and the 3 century BCE, until the Roman colonization.

Results: More than 50 samples are reported, spanning more than 1000 years of history from the Iron Age to Late Antiquity.

The genomic echoes of the last Green Sahara on the Fulani and Sahelian people.

The population history of the Sahara/Sahelian belt is understudied, despite previous work highlighting complex dynamics. The Sahelian Fulani, i.e.

High incidence of AZF duplications in clan-structured Iranian populations detected through Y chromosome sequencing read depth analysis.

The ampliconic region of the human Y chromosome consists of large duplicated sequences that can undergo non-allelic homologous recombination (NAHR), resulting in structural rearrangements that may cause infertility, especially when they occur in the azoospermia factor b/c (AZFb/c) region. Although AZF duplications have long been neglected due to the technical limitations of STS-based studies that focused mainly on deletions, recent next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies provided evidence for their importance in fertility. In this study, a NGS read depth approach was used to detect AZFb/c rearrangements in 87 Iranians from different ethnic groups.

Improving discrimination capacity through rapidly mutating Y-STRs in structured populations from the African continent.

Y chromosome short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) typing is becoming increasingly popular in forensic casework mainly because it allows the recovery of male-specific genetic information from severely unbalanced male-female DNA mixtures. The relatively low discrimination power of conventional Y-STR multiplexes, due to linkage disequilibrium among polymorphic loci, has been partially overcome by the introduction of rapidly mutating Y microsatellites (RM Y-STRs) with mutation rates exceeding 1 × 10/generation. In previous works, we reported an unexpectedly high level of haplotype sharing among African males using the Yfiler Plus PCR Amplification kit, the most powerful commercially available system, including 19 conventional Y-STRs and 6 RM Y-STRs.

Intake of food groups and cervical cancer in women at risk for cervical cancer: A nested case-control study.

Background: The risk of cervical cancer was reported to be influenced by dietary components. This study aimed to illustrate the association between cervical cancer with the intake of food groups in women with a history of cervical neoplasia.

Methods: This nested case-control study was conducted in 558 people with a history of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), including 279 women with cervical cancers and 279 controls with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL).

Interactions of Colorectal Cancer, Dietary Fats, and Polymorphisms of Arachidonate Lipoxygenase and Cyclooxygenase Genes: A Literature Review.

Objective: Genetics and dietary factors play important roles in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the underlying mechanisms of the interactions between CRC, gene polymorphisms, and dietary fat are unclear. This review study investigated the effects of polymorphisms of arachidonate lipoxygenase () and cyclooxygenase () genes in the association between CRC and dietary fat.

The effect of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms on susceptibility to human papilloma virus infection and cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer among women worldwide. Several factors lead to cervical cancer, among which human papilloma virus (HPV) infection has a prominent role. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is crucial in folate metabolic pathway and plays an important role in DNA synthesis and DNA methylation.