A Transfusion Regimen With Same-donor Packed Red Blood Cells Reduces Exposure to Multiple Blood Donors in Craniosynostosis Surgery.

In major craniosynostosis surgery with moderate to severe blood loss, patients may be exposed to multiple donors. We have previously reported a method for reducing donor exposure using mixed pediatric units including plasma. To further reduce donor exposure, we used plasma-free divided pediatric units.

A novel reuptake inhibitor, IP2015, induces erection by increasing central dopamine and peripheral nitric oxide release.

Background And Purpose: An estimated 40% of patients with erectile dysfunction have a poor prognosis for improvement with currently available treatments. The present study investigated whether a newly developed monoamine transport inhibitor, IP2015, improves erectile function.

Experimental Approach: We investigated the effects of IP2015 on monoamine uptake and binding, erectile function in rats and diabetic mice and the effect on corpus cavernosum contractility.

Discovering Subgroups of Children With High Mortality in Urban Guinea-Bissau: Exploratory and Validation Cohort Study.

Background: The decline in global child mortality is an important public health achievement, yet child mortality remains disproportionally high in many low-income countries like Guinea-Bissau. The persisting high mortality rates necessitate targeted research to identify vulnerable subgroups of children and formulate effective interventions.

Objective: This study aimed to discover subgroups of children at an elevated risk of mortality in the urban setting of Bissau, Guinea-Bissau, West Africa.

Erectile Dysfunction and Altered Contribution of KCa1.1 and KCa2.3 Channels in the Penile Tissue of Type-2 Diabetic db/db Mice.

Background: Activation of endothelial small conductance calcium-activated K+ channels (KCa2.3) and intermediate conductance calcium-activated K+ channels (KCa3.1) leads to vascular relaxation.

Safety of heterologous primary and booster schedules with ChAdOx1-S and BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccines: nationwide cohort study.

Objective: To assess the risk of adverse events associated with heterologous primary (two dose) and booster (three dose) vaccine schedules for covid-19 with Oxford-AstraZeneca's ChAdOx1-S priming followed by mRNA vaccines (Pfizer-BioNTech's BNT162b2 or Moderna's mRNA-1273) as compared with homologous mRNA vaccine schedules for covid-19.

Design: Nationwide cohort study.

Setting: Denmark, 1 January 2021 to 26 March 2022.

Melatonin use among children, adolescents, and young adults: a Danish nationwide drug utilization study.

We aimed to provide a detailed description of the use of melatonin in Danish children, adolescents, and young adults during 2012-2019. We identified melatonin users 0-24 years of age (n = 43,652; median age 16 years) via the Danish nationwide health registers. Melatonin is a prescription drug in Denmark.

Impaired phosphate transport in SLC34A2 variants in patients with pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis.

Background: Variants in SLC34A2 encoding the sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2b (NaPi-IIb) cause the rare lung disease pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM). PAM is characterised by the deposition of calcium-phosphate concretions in the alveoli usually progressing over time. No effective treatment is available.

Senicapoc treatment in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory insufficiency-A randomized, open-label, phase II trial.

Background: The aim of the current study was to determine if treatment with senicapoc, improves the PaO /FiO ratio in patients with COVID-19 and severe respiratory insufficiency.

Methods: Investigator-initiated, randomized, open-label, phase II trial in four intensive care units (ICU) in Denmark. We included patients aged ≥18 years and admitted to an ICU with severe respiratory insufficiency due to COVID-19.

Erectile Dysfunction and Altered Contribution of KCa1.1 and KCa2.3 Channels in the Penile Tissue of Type-2 Diabetic db/db Mice.

Background: Activation of endothelial small conductance calcium-activated K channels (KCa2.3) and intermediate conductance calcium-activated K channels (KCa3.1) leads to vascular relaxation.

Evolution of thermal physiology alters the projected range of threespine stickleback under climate change.

Species distribution models (SDMs) are widely used to predict range shifts but could be unreliable under climate change scenarios because they do not account for evolution. The thermal physiology of a species is a key determinant of its range and thus incorporating thermal trait evolution into SDMs might be expected to alter projected ranges. We identified a genetic basis for physiological and behavioural traits that evolve in response to temperature change in natural populations of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus).

Treatment with senicapoc, a K 3.1 channel blocker, alleviates hypoxaemia in a mouse model of acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Background And Purpose: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by pulmonary oedema and severe hypoxaemia. We investigated whether genetic deficit or blockade of calcium-activated potassium (K 3.1) channels would counteract pulmonary oedema and hypoxaemia in ventilator-induced lung injury, an experimental model for ARDS.

Increased cerebral endothelium-dependent vasodilation in rats in the postcardiac arrest period.

Cardiovascular lability is common after cardiac arrest. We investigated whether altered endothelial function is present in cerebral and mesenteric arteries 2 and 4 h after resuscitation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized, intubated, ventilated, and intravascularly catheterized whereupon rats were randomized into four groups.

Maintenance therapy and risk of osteonecrosis in children and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a NOPHO ALL2008 sub-study.

Purpose: Osteonecrosis is a burdensome treatment-related toxicity that is mostly diagnosed during or soon after 6-mercaptopurine (6MP)/methotrexate (MTX) maintenance therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), possibly indicating a pathogenic role of these drugs.

Methods: We prospectively registered symptomatic osteonecrosis during treatment of 1234 patients aged 1.0-45.

Wideband tympanometry as a diagnostic tool for Meniere's disease: a retrospective case-control study.

Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the usefulness of wide band tympanometry (WBT) as a diagnostic tool for Ménière's disease (MD) by comparing differences in absorbance measures between normal hearing ears and patient diagnosed with MD.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-control study. From a cohort of 116 patients diagnosed with Ménière disease, 52 MD patients and 99 normal hearing adults with no history of otological disease served as subjects.

Post-acute effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals not requiring hospital admission: a Danish population-based cohort study.

Background: Individuals admitted to hospital for COVID-19 might have persisting symptoms (so-called long COVID) and delayed complications after discharge. However, little is known regarding the risk for those not admitted to hospital. We therefore examined prescription drug and health-care use after SARS-CoV-2 infection not requiring hospital admission.

Cystamine Treatment Fails to Prevent the Development of Pulmonary Hypertension in Chronic Hypoxic Rats.

Introduction: Pulmonary hypertension is characterized by vasoconstriction and remodeling of pulmonary arteries, leading to right ventricular hypertrophy and failure. We have previously found upregulation of transglutaminase 2 (TG2) in the right ventricle of chronic hypoxic rats. The hypothesis of the present study was that treatment with the transglutaminase inhibitor, cystamine, would inhibit the development of pulmonary arterial remodeling, pulmonary hypertension, and right ventricular hypertrophy.

Developing and validating COVID-19 adverse outcome risk prediction models from a bi-national European cohort of 5594 patients.

Patients with severe COVID-19 have overwhelmed healthcare systems worldwide. We hypothesized that machine learning (ML) models could be used to predict risks at different stages of management and thereby provide insights into drivers and prognostic markers of disease progression and death. From a cohort of approx.

Homocoupling Reactions of Azoles and Their Applications in Coordination Chemistry.

Pyrazole, a member of the structural class of azoles, exhibits molecular properties of interest in pharmaceuticals and materials chemistry, owing to the two adjacent nitrogen atoms in the five-membered ring system. The weakly basic nitrogen atoms of deprotonated pyrazoles have been applied in coordination chemistry, particularly to access coordination polymers and metal-organic frameworks, and homocoupling reactions can in principle provide facile access to bipyrazole ligands. In this context, we summarize recent advances in homocoupling reactions of pyrazoles and other types of azoles (imidazoles, triazoles and tetrazoles) to highlight the utility of homocoupling reactions in synthesizing symmetric bi-heteroaryl systems compared with traditional synthesis.

Reduced Mortality After Oral Polio Vaccination and Increased Mortality After Diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis Vaccination in Children in a Low-income Setting.

Purpose: The diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine (DTP) and oral polio vaccine (OPV) were introduced in children 3 of 5 months of age in 1981-1983 in Bandim, in the capital of Guinea-Bissau. Because DTP has been linked to deleterious nonspecific effects (NSEs) and OPV to beneficial NSEs, we followed up this cohort to 3 years of age and examined the effects of DTP with OPV on all-cause mortality and the interactions of DTP and OPV with the measles vaccine (MV).

Methods: DTP and OPV were offered at 3 monthly community weighing sessions.

Use of tramadol and other analgesics following media attention and risk minimization actions from regulators: a Danish nationwide drug utilization study.

Purpose: To describe the use of tramadol and other analgesics in Denmark focusing on the impact of media attention (June and December 2017) and regulatory actions (September 2017 and January 2018) on the use of tramadol.

Methods: Using nationwide registries, we identified all adults who filled a prescription for tramadol and other analgesics from 2014 to 2019. We described incidence rates, prevalence proportions, and total use of tramadol and other analgesics over time.

Size reductions and genomic changes within two generations in wild walleye populations: associated with harvest?

The extent and rate of harvest-induced genetic changes in natural populations may impact population productivity, recovery, and persistence. While there is substantial evidence for phenotypic changes in harvested fishes, knowledge of genetic change in the wild remains limited, as phenotypic and genetic data are seldom considered in tandem, and the number of generations needed for genetic changes to occur is not well understood. We quantified changes in size-at-age, sex-specific changes in body size, and genomic metrics in three harvested walleye () populations and a fourth reference population with low harvest levels over a 15-year period in Mistassini Lake, Quebec.

Dyslipidemia at diagnosis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

As survival of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) exceeds 90%, limiting therapy-related toxicity has become a key challenge. Cardio-metabolic dysfunction is a challenge during and after childhood ALL therapy. In a single center study, we measured triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high (HDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) levels at diagnosis and assessed the association with BMI, early therapy response, on-therapy hyperlipidemia and the toxicities; thromboembolism, osteonecrosis and pancreatitis.

Making up a new drug user from depenalization to repenalisation of drug users in Denmark.

Background: In 2004 the Danish parliament repenalised possession of illicit drugs for personal use after it had been depenalised for 35 years. This article analyses the introduction of a more repressive drug policy in Denmark by studying how drug use and drug users were problematized in two key government whitepapers and how this problematization articulated a more general problematisation of 'a culture of intoxication' among young Danes. The analysis also shows how the policy change involved a change of governmentality away from a welfarist and towards a neo-liberal governmentality.

Characterization of burning mouth syndrome profiles based on response to a local anaesthetic lozenge.

Objective: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic oral pain condition with unknown aetiology but assumed to involve peripheral/central neuropathological and immune-mediated inflammatory factors. We aimed at characterizing inflammatory and neurogenic profiles and oral symptomatology of patients with BMS based on response to a local anaesthetic lozenge.

Methods: Patients with BMS were divided into an Effect (n = 13), No effect (n = 8) or Unspecified (n = 2) group according to their response to a local anaesthetic lozenge on oral pain.

Eight novel variants in the gene in pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis.

Background: Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) is caused by genetic variants in the gene, which encodes the sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2B (NaPi-2b). PAM is characterised by deposition of calcium phosphate concretions (microliths) in the alveoli leading to pulmonary dysfunction. The variant spectrum of has not been well investigated and it is not yet known whether a genotype-phenotype correlation exists.