Manipulated ants: inducing loyalty to sugar feeders with an alkaloid.

Background: Wood ants are promising biocontrol agents in fruit plantations because they prey on pest insects and inhibit plant diseases. However, these ants also attend plant-feeding homopterans to harvest their honeydew secretions, thereby increasing their numbers. This problem can be solved by offering ants alternative sugar sources that are more attractive than honeydew.

The diagnostic accuracy of radiolabeled PSMA-ligand PET for tumour staging in newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients compared to histopathology: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The current clinical recommendations posit the deployment of specific approved radiolabeled prostate-specific membrane antigen-ligand positron emission tomography (PSMA PET) for detecting metastatic prostate cancer during primary staging. Nevertheless, the precise efficacy of such ligands in localizing intraprostatic tumours (index tumour) and T-staging is not well established. Consequently, the objective of this inquiry is to ascertain the diagnostic accuracy of PSMA-PET in the tumour staging of newly diagnosed prostate cancer by means of a meta-analysis that integrates studies utilizing histological confirmation as the reference standard.

New Information on Old Medicinal Products: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Guidance for Paediatric Use for Substances on the European Priority List of Off-Patent Medicinal Products.

Background: As part of the European Paediatric Regulation, the European Medicines Agency (former European Medicines Evaluation Agency) and the Paediatric Working Party (precursor for the Paediatric Committee) revised a priority list for studies on off-patent medicinal products in 2007 where a need for studies on paediatric medicinal products was emphasised.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the status of guidance for paediatric use in the Summary of Product Characteristics for medicinal products on the priority list as well as the presence and status of Paediatric Investigation Plans for these medicinal products.

Methods: We included active pharmaceutical ingredients on the priority list authorised through the centralised procedure and/or marketed in Denmark.

Use of F-NaF PET in the staging of skeletal metastases of newly diagnosed, high-risk prostate cancer patients: a nationwide cohort study.

Objective: To determine whether preoperative staging of high-risk prostate cancer with F-sodium-fluoride (F-NaF) positron emission tomography (PET) reduces the risk of skeletal metastases.

Design: Nationwide, population-based cohort study using real-world data.

Setting: The study used national health registries, including all sites in Denmark from 2011 to 2018.

Increased COX-2 after ureter obstruction attenuates fibrosis and is associated with EP receptor upregulation in mouse and human kidney.

Aim: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity protects against oxidative stress and apoptosis early in experimental kidney injury. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that COX-2 activity attenuates fibrosis and preserves microvasculature in injured kidney. The murine unilateral ureteral-obstruction (UUO) model of kidney fibrosis was employed and compared with human nephrectomy tissue with and without chronic hydronephrosis.

Population ethical intuitions.

Is humanity's existence worthwhile? If so, where should the human species be headed in the future? In part, the answers to these questions require us to morally evaluate the (potential) human population in terms of its size and aggregate welfare. This assessment lies at the heart of population ethics. Our investigation across nine experiments (N = 5776) aimed to answer three questions about how people aggregate welfare across individuals: (1) Do they weigh happiness and suffering symmetrically?; (2) Do they focus more on the average or total welfare of a given population?; and (3) Do they account only for currently existing lives, or also lives that could yet exist? We found that, first, participants believed that more happy than unhappy people were needed in order for the whole population to be net positive (Studies 1a-c).

Should you save the more useful? The effect of generality on moral judgments about rescue and indirect effects.

Across eight experiments (N = 2310), we studied whether people would prioritize rescuing individuals who may be thought to contribute more to society. We found that participants were generally dismissive of general rules that prioritize more socially beneficial individuals, such as doctors instead of unemployed people. By contrast, participants were more supportive of one-off decisions to save the life of a more socially beneficial individual, even when such cases were the same as those covered by the rule.

Concurrent sarcoidal granulomas and melanoma micrometastasis in a sentinel node - a case report.

Incidental findings of non-caseating granulomas and metastasis in sentinel lymph nodes are rare but cause clinical challenges. We report a case of coinciding unexpected asymptomatic lymphoid sarcoidosis and a micrometastasis in a sentinel node of a patient, who was newly diagnosed with 2.0 mm thick melanoma on the left calf.

Impact of the Mk VI SkinSuit on skin microbiota of terrestrial volunteers and an International Space Station-bound astronaut.

Microgravity induces physiological deconditioning due to the absence of gravity loading, resulting in bone mineral density loss, atrophy of lower limb skeletal and postural muscles, and lengthening of the spine. SkinSuit is a lightweight compression suit designed to provide head-to-foot (axial) loading to counteract spinal elongation during spaceflight. As synthetic garments may impact negatively on the skin microbiome, we used 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene amplicon procedures to define bacterial skin communities at sebaceous and moist body sites of five healthy male volunteers undergoing SkinSuit evaluation.

Early Postmenopausal Phase Is Associated With Reduced Prostacyclin-Induced Vasodilation That Is Reversed by Exercise Training: The Copenhagen Women Study.

The postmenopausal phase is associated with an accelerated rate of rise in the prevalence of vascular dysfunction and hypertension; however, the mechanisms underlying these adverse vascular changes and whether exercise training can reverse the decline in vascular function remains unclear. We examined the function of the vascular prostanoid system in matched pre- and postmenopausal women before and after 12 weeks of exercise training. Twenty premenopausal and 16 early postmenopausal (3.

[Incidence of Bicycle injuries presenting to the Emergency Department in Reykjavik 2005-2010].

Introduction: Bicycling has become increasingly popular in Iceland. Official registration of bicycle accidents is based on police reports. As minor accidents are often not reported to the police, these accidents may be underreported in police records.

No differences in short-term morbidity and mortality after robot-assisted laparoscopic versus laparoscopic resection for colonic cancer: a case-control study of 263 patients.

Background: Robot-assisted laparoscopy has been reported to be a safe and feasible alternative to traditional laparoscopy. The aim of this study was to compare short-term results in patients with colonic cancer who underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic colonic resection (RC) or laparoscopic colonic resection (LC).

Methods: The study was a retrospective case control study of all patients with colonic cancer who underwent RC from March 2010 to March 2012 or LC from January 2009 to December 2011 at a tertiary-care university hospital.

Phase 1 study in malaria naïve adults of BSAM2/Alhydrogel®+CPG 7909, a blood stage vaccine against P. falciparum malaria.

Unlabelled: A Phase 1 dose escalating study was conducted in malaria naïve adults to assess the safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity of the blood stage malaria vaccine BSAM2/Alhydrogel®+ CPG 7909. BSAM2 is a combination of the FVO and 3D7 alleles of recombinant AMA1 and MSP1(42), with equal amounts by weight of each of the four proteins mixed, bound to Alhydrogel®, and administered with the adjuvant CPG 7909. Thirty (30) volunteers were enrolled in two dose groups, with 15 volunteers receiving up to three doses of 40 µg total protein at Days 0, 56, and 180, and 15 volunteers receiving up to three doses of 160 µg protein on the same schedule.

Low incidence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in a Danish liver unit.

Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease encompasses a spectrum of histological lesions ranging from steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis. Simple steatosis is generally benign, while NASH can progress to severe liver disease. The aim of the present study was to quantify the number of patients with NASH and assess the prognosis associated with the condition in a large Danish referral centre for liver disease.

Filiform serrated adenomatous polyposis arising in a diverted rectum of an inflammatory bowel disease patient.

A 54-year-old man, previously colectomized for inflammatory bowel disease, developed carcinoma in the inflamed rectum stump. The malignant growth was surrounded by a filiform polyposis, grossly considered as pseudopolyps. The histology disclosed, however, a morphology corresponding to the recently described filiform subset of serrated adenoma (FSA).

[Perforation of Meckel's diverticulum with intraabdominal hemorrhage and periappendicular inflammation].

Perforation of Meckel's diverticulum (MD) is a rare and serious complication. The authors report a case of a 12-year-old girl who presented with acute abdominal pain and anaemia. Haemoperitoneum, perforated MD and peri-appendicular inflammation were found during laparotomy.

[Tumour-cell dissociation as a prognostic marker in colorectal cancer].

The invasive front of the colorectal carcinoma (CRC) in some cases displays budding, characterized by groups of up to five tumour cells. In 2006, budding was introduced in the Danish Colorectal Cancer Group's (DCCG) and the Danish Society of Pathology and Cytology's (DSPAC) CRC register form. Based on a literature survey, molecular mechanisms that may contribute to budding are reviewed, as is the mode by which this process is registered and its putative clinical significance.

[Resection time and number of detected colorectal lymph nodes in resection specimens with carcinoma].

Introduction: The number of identified lymph nodes (LNs) is an essential element in the pathologist's rapport on colorectal resection specimens with carcinoma (CRSC). A considerable number of papers discuss the acceptable minimum number of identified LNs to secure a correct LN status (LNS). Details as to the most appropriate grossing technique for LN detection are, however, largely lacking.

[Lymph node identification in colorectal cancer specimens cases].

Colorectal carcinoma is one of the most prevalent malignancies in Western countries. Lymph node status is a significant prognosticator. The chance of identifying node-positivity is positively correlated with the number of lymph nodes (LN) identified.

Biopsies of colorectal clinical polyps--emergence of diagnostic information on deeper levels.

Although the occasional appearance of a normal histology of biopsies from endoscopic colorectal (CR) polyps is generally held knowledge, its prevalence has rarely been focused on, and the yield of additional sections in such cases has been previously addressed in merely four communications. Hitherto, this issue has not been discussed in the context of the clinical setting. The prime aim of this study was to evaluate the yield of step sectioning CR biopsies, considered non-diagnostic (non-diagnostic biopsies (NDB)) on routine sections.

[Inflammatory cloacogenic polyp].

We present a case of inflammatory cloacogenic polyp in a 28-year-old man who had suffered from intermittent rectal bleeding for four years. A colonoscopy showed anal polyps. The patient had no previous medical history and had no known family history of polyps.

Contrast-enhanced FDG-PET/CT vs. SPIO-enhanced MRI vs. FDG-PET vs. CT in patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer: a prospective study with intraoperative confirmation.

Background: The choice of imaging before liver surgery is debated regarding the use of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, computed tomography (CT), and positron emission tomography (PET). No studies have compared contrast-enhanced PET/CT with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-enhanced MR imaging.

Purpose: To compare PET/CT with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-enhanced MR imaging, PET, and CT in the detection of liver metastases (LM) and extrahepatic tumor from colorectal cancer (CRC).