Freeze-dried plasma: Hemostasis and biophysical analyses for damage control resuscitation.

Background: Effective hemorrhage protocols prioritize immediate hemostatic resuscitation to manage hemorrhagic shock. Prehospital resuscitation using blood products, such as whole blood or alternatively dried plasma in its absence, has the potential to improve outcomes in hemorrhagic shock patients. However, integrating blood products into prehospital care poses substantial logistical challenges due to issues with storage, transport, and administration in field environments.

Post-Reconstitution Hemostatic Stability Profiles of Canadian and German Freeze-Dried Plasma.

Despite the importance of the hemostatic properties of reconstituted freeze-dried plasma (FDP) for trauma resuscitation, few studies have been conducted to determine its post-reconstitution hemostatic stability. This study aimed to assess the short- (≤24 h) and long-term (≥168 h) hemostatic stabilities of Canadian and German freeze-dried plasma (CFDP and LyoPlas) after reconstitution and storage under different conditions. Post-reconstitution hemostatic profiles were determined using rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) and a Stago analyzer, as both are widely used as standard methods for assessing the quality of plasma.

Past meets present: Reviving 80-year-old Canadian dried serum from World War II and its significance in advancing modern freeze-dried plasma for prehospital management of haemorrhage.

During World War II, Charles H. Best utilized Charles R. Drew's plasma isolation and drying technique to lead Canada's initiative to provide dried serum as a means of primary resuscitation for British casualties on the frontlines.

Freeze-dried plasma: From damage control resuscitation to coronavirus disease 2019 therapy.

Background: Freeze-dried plasma (FDP) is a promising blood component for prehospital resuscitation given its logistic advantages over fresh frozen plasma (FFP). COVID-19 convalescent (CC) plasma has been used to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, and its corresponding FDP has potential use during future pandemics. Therefore, we conducted the study to determine if the hemostatic and immunological properties of plasma can be retained after lyophilization.

Finger cold-induced vasodilation test does not predict subsequent cold injuries: A lesson from the 2018 Canadian Forces Exercise.

A cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) test was administered to 113 Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) soldiers (age 25.6 ± 6 yrs) during pre-deployment to a Canadian Arctic training exercise. The incidence and rates/types of subsequent peripheral cold injuries, as well as the relationship of CIVD responses against other hypothesized/reported risk factors (smoking, gender, age, ethnicity and prior cold injury), were analyzed.

High-Intensity Interval Training Is Associated With Alterations in Blood Biomarkers Related to Brain Injury.

Blood biomarkers are a useful tool to study concussion. However, their interpretation is complicated by a number of potential biological confounds, including exercise. This is particularly relevant in military and athletic settings where injury commonly occurs during physical exertion.

Lpaatδ/Agpat4 deficiency impairs maximal force contractility in soleus and alters fibre type in extensor digitorum longus muscle.

Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LPAAT) δ/acylglycerophosphate acyltransferase 4 is a mitochondrial enzyme and one of five homologues that catalyze the acyl-CoA-dependent synthesis of phosphatidic acid (PA) from lysophosphatidic acid. We studied skeletal muscle LPAATδ and found highest levels in soleus, a red oxidative fibre-type that is rich in mitochondria, and lower levels in extensor digitorum longus (EDL) (white glycolytic) and gastrocnemius (mixed fibre-type). Using Lpaatδ-deficient mice, we found no change in soleus or EDL mass, or in treadmill time-to-exhaustion compared to wildtype littermates.

Agpat4/Lpaatδ deficiency highlights the molecular heterogeneity of epididymal and perirenal white adipose depots.

Acylglycerophosphate acyltransferase 4 (AGPAT4)/lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase delta catalyzes the formation of phosphatidic acid (PA), a precursor of triacyl-glycerol (TAG). We investigated the effect of gene ablation on white adipose tissue (WAT) after finding consistent expression across depots. Epididymal WAT mass was 40% larger in male mice than littermates, but unchanged in perirenal, retroperitoneal, and inguinal WAT and subscapular brown adipose tissue.

Mice Deficient in (δ)/ () Have Impaired Learning and Memory.

We previously characterized LPAATδ/AGPAT4 as a mitochondrial lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase that regulates brain levels of phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and phosphatidylinositol (PI). Here, we report that δ mice display impaired spatial learning and memory compared to wild-type littermates in the Morris water maze and our investigation of potential mechanisms associated with brain phospholipid changes. Marker protein immunoblotting suggested that the relative brain content of neurons, glia, and oligodendrocytes was unchanged.

Acute Fasting Induces Expression of Acylglycerophosphate Acyltransferase (AGPAT) Enzymes in Murine Liver, Heart, and Brain.

During fasting, cells increase uptake of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and esterify excess into phosphatidic acid (PtdOH), the common precursor of both triacylglycerols and phospholipids, using acylglycerophosphate acyltransferases/lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferases (AGPAT/LPAAT). Knowledge of the regulation of AGPAT enzymes is important for understanding fasting adaptations. Total RNA was isolated from liver, heart, and whole brain tissue of C57BL/6J mice fed ad libitum, or fasted for 16 h.

The implementation of multiple lifestyle interventions in two organizations: a process evaluation.

Objective: To evaluate the implementation of a multicomponent lifestyle intervention at two different worksites.

Methods: Data on eight process components were collected by means of questionnaires and interviews. Data on the effectiveness were collected using questionnaires.