Publications by authors named "Moeko Iida"
Objectives: Area under the concentration-time curve (AUC)-guided dosing of vancomycin was introduced in a clinical setting; however, the target range of non-steady-state AUCs, such as Day 1 AUC and Day 2 AUC, remains controversial. Therefore, we sought to determine pharmacokinetic parameter thresholds and identify independent risk factors associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) to establish a safe initial dosing design for vancomycin administration.
Methods: A single-centre, retrospective, cohort study of hospitalized patients treated with vancomycin was conducted to determine the threshold of both non-steady-state AUCs (Day 1 and 2 AUCs) and trough levels at the first blood sampling point (therapeutic drug monitoring, TDM).
Background/aim: Cancer cachexia is associated with poor prognosis in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC). The objective of the study was to assess the cachexia index (CXI), which is a new indicator assessing the status of cancer cachexia, as a prognostic indicator for mUC patients treated with gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GC) chemotherapy.
Patients And Methods: The study included 55 patients with mUC who underwent GC chemotherapy between 2008 and 2022 as first-line chemotherapy.
Article Synopsis
- A study in Japan compared two treatment intervals for nivolumab (480 mg every 4 weeks vs. 240 mg every 2 weeks) to evaluate their efficacy, safety, and economic impact on cancer patients, as prior real-world data was lacking.
- The analysis of 126 patients showed no significant differences in overall survival or adverse event rates between the two groups, indicating similar effectiveness and safety.
- However, the 4-week treatment interval had lower medical costs (excluding drug costs) than the 2-week interval, suggesting a potential economic advantage for using the longer treatment period.
Article Synopsis
- * Among 614 patients analyzed, those who experienced irAEs had significantly higher eosinophil counts before treatment compared to those who did not experience irAEs, especially in anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 therapy groups.
- * The research concluded that a pre-treatment eosinophil count of 3.0% or higher is an independent risk factor for developing irAEs across various cancers treated with ICIs.
Article Synopsis
- A novel software program, SAKURA-TDM ver.1.0, was developed for AUC-guided dosing of vancomycin to help minimize renal injury risk.
- A study compared this software's accuracy in estimating pharmacokinetic parameters with other existing software, finding similar results but noting a weaker correlation between predicted and measured trough values.
- The optimal cutoff points identified were a steady-state AUC of 513.1 mg·h/L and a predicted trough value of 15.6 mcg/mL, suggesting that monitoring these parameters could reduce the likelihood of high vancomycin levels leading to renal damage.