Overnight fasting before lapatinib administration to breast cancer patients leads to reduced toxicity compared with nighttime dosing: a retrospective cohort study from a randomized clinical trial.

Background: The bioavailability of lapatinib is affected by food, even following the 1 hour fast recommended by the package insert. We hypothesized that overnight fasting would minimize food-drug interactions. Here, we investigated if lapatinib administration timing is associated with its tolerability, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics.

Downregulated ATP6V1B1 expression acidifies the intracellular environment of cancer cells leading to resistance to antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.

Among several mechanisms for the resistance of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-overexpressing (HER2 +) cancer cells to trastuzumab, little is known regarding the mechanism underlying the resistance to trastuzumab-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Cell death due to ADCC is caused by apoptosis of target cells induced by granzymes released from natural killer cells. Because optimal granzyme physiological activity occurs at neutral pH, we assumed that the pH of the intracellular environment influences the cytotoxic effects of granzymes.

Alteration of specific cytokine expression patterns in patients with breast cancer.

Systemic inflammation has been associated with aggressive tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Here we performed a comprehensive analysis of 26 kinds of inflammatory cytokine expression patterns among 185 patients with breast cancer and 54 healthy volunteers followed by chemometric analysis. We identified the specific cytokine expression patterns of breast cancer patients compared to healthy volunteers with (1) VEGF, IL-9, GM-CSF, IL-13, IL-4, and IFNγ, (2) IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-5, IL-7, IL-1α, GCSF, IL-1β, and TNFα and (3) IL-2, Eotaxin, MIP1β, MIP1α, IL-17, and bFGF.

Gene expression profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells may contribute to the identification and immunological classification of breast cancer patients.

Background: It has been reported that the gene expression profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) exhibits a unique gene expression signature in several types of cancer. In this study, we aimed to explore the breast cancer patient-specific gene expression profile of PBMCs and discuss immunological insight on host antitumor immune responses.

Methods: We comprehensively analyzed the gene expression of PBMCs by RNA sequencing in the breast cancer patients as compared to that of healthy volunteers (HVs).

Effects of Cryotherapy on Objective and Subjective Symptoms of Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathy: Prospective Self-Controlled Trial.

Background: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a dose-limiting and disabling side effect of taxane anticancer agents. We prospectively evaluated the efficacy of cryotherapy for CIPN prevention.

Methods: Breast cancer patients treated weekly with paclitaxel (80 mg/m2 for one hour) wore frozen gloves and socks on the dominant side for 90 minutes, including the entire duration of drug infusion.

Downregulation of neuropilin-1 on macrophages modulates antibody-mediated tumoricidal activity.

Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1)-expressing macrophages are engaged in antitumor immune functions via various mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the role of NRP-1 on macrophages in antibody-mediated tumoricidal activity. Treatment of macrophages with NRP-1 knockdown or an anti-NRP-1-neutralizing antibody significantly suppressed antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and modulated cytokine secretion from macrophages in vitro.

Effects of a self-management program on antiemetic-induced constipation during chemotherapy among breast cancer patients: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Research on patient-reported outcomes indicates that constipation is a common adverse effect of chemotherapy, and the use of 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin; 5HT3) receptor antagonists aggravates this condition. As cancer patients take multiple drugs as a part of their clinical management, a non-pharmacological self-management (SM) of constipation would be recommended. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a SM program on antiemetic-induced constipation in cancer patients.