Modulating the Oxidation State of Titanium via Dual Anions Substitution for Efficient N Electroreduction.

The electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is a promising approach for renewable ammonia synthesis but remains significantly challenging due to the low yield and poor selectivity. Herein, a facile N and S dual anions substitution strategy is developed to tune the Ti oxidation states of TiO nanohybrid catalyst (NS-TiO /C), in which anatase TiO nanoplates with dense Ti active sites are uniformly dispersed on porous carbon derived from 2D Ti C T nanosheets. The catalyst NS-TiO /C exhibits a superior ambient NRR efficiency with an NH yield rate of 19.

Dehydrogenative Coupling of Alkanes and Benzene Enhanced by Slurry-Phase Interparticle Hydrogen Transfer.

The dehydrogenative coupling reaction of alkanes and benzene has attracted attention as a method of direct conversion of alkanes to raw materials for useful chemical products. Here, we report the first combined catalyst system composed of hydrotalcite-supported palladium and solid acid aluminum-exchanged montmorillonite for the direct alkylation of benzene promoted by slurry-phase interparticle hydrogen transfer at 150 °C. The combination of the two catalytic particles showed excellent activity and achieved the maximum benzene conversion of 21% and target product selectivity of 84% in the reaction of -heptane and benzene.

Direct Alkylation of Benzene at Lower Temperatures in the Liquid Phase: Catalysis by Montmorillonites as Noble-Metal-Free Solid Acids.

Alkylated benzenes are widely used as raw materials for the production of a variety of chemical compounds. Conventionally, they are obtained by the Friedel-Crafts reaction between alkyl halides and benzene. In this study, the synthesis of halogen-free alkylated benzenes was made possible by the direct alkylation of benzene with alkanes using montmorillonites as noble-metal-free solid acid catalysts.

POSTOPERATIVE CHANGES AND PROGNOSTIC FACTORS OF VISUAL ACUITY, METAMORPHOPSIA, AND ANISEIKONIA AFTER VITRECTOMY FOR EPIRETINAL MEMBRANE.

Purpose: To investigate postoperative changes and prognostic factors of visual impairment after vitrectomy for unilateral epiretinal membrane.

Methods: A prospective observational study on 45 eyes from 45 patients with unilateral idiopathic epiretinal membrane who underwent vitrectomy. Visual parameters (best-corrected visual acuity, metamorphopsia using M-CHARTS, and aniseikonia using the New Aniseikonia Test) and spectral domain optical coherence tomography parameters (macular retinal layer thickness and microstructure of the outer retina) were measured preoperatively and 6 and 12 months postoperatively.