A proof-of-concept study of a prototype needle that mitigates intraocular pressure rise following intravitreal injection.

Purpose: To determine the feasibility of a prototype needle that enhances vitreous reflux (VR) to control intraocular pressure (IOP) in intravitreal injection (IVI).

Methods: We created an eye model to compare IVI using a standard 30-G needle with four different versions of a 30-G prototype needle with one to four surface grooves that enhanced VR. We injected 50, 70, and 100 µl saline through porcine sclera or 460-µm-thick rubber and measured the peak and 3-second pressure before we extracted the needle and measured the 10-second pressure.

A health economic pilot study comparing two diabetic retinopathy screening strategies.

To compare two screening strategies for diabetic retinopathy (DR), and to determine the health-economic impact of including optical coherence tomography (OCT) in a regular DR screening. This cross-sectional study included a cohort of patients (≥ 18 years) with type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus (T1D or T2D) from a pilot DR screening program at Oslo University Hospital, Norway. A combined screening strategy where OCT was performed in addition to fundus photography for all patients, was conducted on this cohort and compared to our existing sequential screening strategy.

A pilot cost-analysis study comparing AI-based EyeArt® and ophthalmologist assessment of diabetic retinopathy in minority women in Oslo, Norway.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of adult blindness in the working age population worldwide, which can be prevented by early detection. Regular eye examinations are recommended and crucial for detecting sight-threatening DR. Use of artificial intelligence (AI) to lessen the burden on the healthcare system is needed.

Blood donation for iron removal in individuals with HFE mutations: study of efficacy and safety and short review on hemochromatosis and blood donation.

Background: Elevated serum ferritin with/without HFE variants in asymptomatic persons leads frequently to referral for blood donation. Hemochromatosis (p.C282Y/p.

Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for retinal diseases in Norway from 2011 to 2021: A combined registry and survey study.

Purpose: To investigate the use of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy in Norway from 2011 to 2021 and explore how the eye departments organized their injection services.

Methods: We combined data from the Norwegian Patient Registry (NPR) with survey responses from Norway's 22 eye departments. The NPR data encompassed all registered intravitreal injection episodes from 2011 to 2021.

[A woman in her sixties who no longer recognised what she saw].

Background: Neurological disorders can present with a vast array of visual disturbances. The constellation of symptoms and findings in this patient prompted workup for unusual causes of both stroke and neurodegenerative disorder.

Case Presentation: A woman in her sixties presented with visual disturbances, followed by weakness in her right arm and aphasia three days later.

Pharmaceutical compounding and storage of faricimab in a syringe for intravitreal injection do not impair stability and bi-specific binding properties.

Background: Intravitreal injection (IVI) of antibody biologics is a key treatment approach in ophthalmology. Pharmaceutical compounding and storage of prefilled syringes for IVI must take place without impairing the structure and function of the biologics. This study investigated the effect of withdrawing and storing the therapeutic antibody faricimab (Vabysmo, Roche, Basel, Switzerland) in the Zero Residual silicone oil-free, 0.

Effects of Intra-Base Pair Proton Transfer on Dissociation and Singlet Oxygenation of 9-Methyl-8-Oxoguanine-1-Methyl-Cytosine Base-Pair Radical Cations.

8-Oxoguanosine is the most common oxidatively generated base damage and pairs with complementary cytidine within duplex DNA. The 8-oxoguanosine-cytidine lesion, if not recognized and removed, not only leads to G-to-T transversion mutations but renders the base pair being more vulnerable to the ionizing radiation and singlet oxygen ( O ) damage. Herein, reaction dynamics of a prototype Watson-Crick base pair [9MOG ⋅ 1MC]⋅ , consisting of 9-methyl-8-oxoguanine radical cation (9MOG⋅ ) and 1-methylcystosine (1MC), was examined using mass spectrometry coupled with electrospray ionization.

Timing of Primary Surgery for Cleft Palate.

Background: Among infants with isolated cleft palate, whether primary surgery at 6 months of age is more beneficial than surgery at 12 months of age with respect to speech outcomes, hearing outcomes, dentofacial development, and safety is unknown.

Methods: We randomly assigned infants with nonsyndromic isolated cleft palate, in a 1:1 ratio, to undergo standardized primary surgery at 6 months of age (6-month group) or at 12 months of age (12-month group) for closure of the cleft. Standardized assessments of quality-checked video and audio recordings at 1, 3, and 5 years of age were performed independently by speech and language therapists who were unaware of the trial-group assignments.

Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Activation Induces Differentiation in Human Limbal Epithelial Stem Cells Cultured Ex Vivo.

Human limbal epithelial stem cells (hLESCs) continuously replenish lost or damaged human corneal epithelial cells. The percentage of stem/progenitor cells in autologous ex vivo expanded tissue is essential for the long-term success of transplantation in patients with limbal epithelial stem cell deficiency. However, the molecular processes governing the stemness and differentiation state of hLESCs remain uncertain.

International Olympic Committee (IOC) consensus paper on sports-related ophthalmology issues in elite sports.

Vision plays an important role in an athletes' success. In sports, nearly 80% of perceptual input is visual, and eye health and sports medicine are closely intertwined fields of utmost importance to athletes. The physical nature of sports activities renders individuals more prone to various eye injuries than the general population.

Accuracy, Precision, and Residual Volume of Commonly Used Syringes for Intravitreal Injections and the Impact on Intraocular Pressure.

Purpose: To compare accuracy, precision, and residual volume of commonly used syringes for intravitreal injections (IVIs) and to assess the intraocular pressure (IOP) rise by variations in volumes delivered.

Design: Experimental laboratory study.

Subjects: No subjects were involved in this study.

Antibody blockade of Jagged1 attenuates choroidal neovascularization.

Antibody-based blocking of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) reduces choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and retinal edema, rescuing vision in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). However, poor response and resistance to anti-VEGF treatment occurs. We report that targeting the Notch ligand Jagged1 by a monoclonal antibody reduces neovascular lesion size, number of activated phagocytes and inflammatory markers and vascular leakage in an experimental CNV mouse model.

Pig Eye Model for Studying Diffusion of Acylcarnitines with Different Physicochemical Properties.

To explore the diffusion capacities between the anterior and vitreous chambers in a novel pig eye model using a mix of stable isotope-labeled acylcarnitines representing metabolites with different physical and chemical properties, and analysis using mass spectrometry (MS). Enucleated pig eyes were injected in the anterior or vitreous chamber of the eye with a stable isotope-labeled acylcarnitine mix (free carnitine, C2, C3, C4, C8, C12, and C16-having an increasing size and hydrophobicity in that order). Samples were collected from each chamber at 3, 6, and 24 h postincubation for analysis using MS.

A Pilot Study of Implementing Diabetic Retinopathy Screening in the Oslo Region, Norway: Baseline Results.

Purpose: to gain insight into the baseline parameters of a population with diabetes mellitus (DM) included in a pilot diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening program at Oslo University Hospital (OUH), Norway.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of a cohort of adult patients (≥18 years) with type 1 or 2 DM (T1D and T2D). We measured the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), intraocular pressure (IOP), height and weight.

Internationalization of higher medical education in the post-COVID-19 era.

COVID-19 pandemic has caused disruption in higher medical education and healthcare worldwide. To thrive in times of uncertainty, medical higher education institutions have to adapt to the post-COVID-19 era and innovate its international activities. To make a difference in societies locally, nationally and internationally, they will have to enhance their global presence.

The fourth national tuberculosis prevalence survey in Myanmar.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Myanmar. The fourth National TB Prevalence Survey was conducted in 2017-2018 to determine the actual burden of TB not only at the national level but also for three subnational strata (the states, regions other than Yangon, and the Yangon region) and develop a more efficacious country strategy on TB care and control. One hundred and thirty eight clusters were selected by population proportionate sampling.

A Novel Technique of Amniotic Membrane Preparation Mimicking Limbal Epithelial Crypts Enhances the Number of Progenitor Cells upon Expansion.

We aimed to investigate whether a novel technique of human amniotic membrane (HAM) preparation that mimics the crypts in the limbus enhances the number of progenitor cells cultured ex vivo. The HAMs were sutured on polyester membrane (1) standardly, to obtain a flat HAM surface, or (2) loosely, achieving the radial folding to mimic crypts in the limbus. Immunohistochemistry was used to demonstrate a higher number of cells positive for progenitor markers p63α (37.

Intracorneal Implantation of 3D Bioprinted Scaffolds Containing Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Using Femtosecond-Laser-Assisted Intrastromal Keratoplasty.

Injury of the cornea is a complex biological process. Regeneration of the corneal stroma can be facilitated by the presence of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and application of tissue equivalents. A new tissue-engineering strategy for corneal stroma regeneration is presented using cellularized 3D bioprinted hydrogel constructs implanted into organ cultured porcine corneas using femtosecond laser-assisted intrastromal keratoplasty.

Correction: Thang et al. Effects of Different Colored LEDs on the Enhancement of Biologically Active Ingredients in Callus Cultures of (Lour.) Merr. 2019, , 4336.

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Humanitarian action in academic institutions: a case study in the ethical stewardship of unidentified forensic cases.

Forensic anthropologists are often responsible for the management of long-term unidentified individuals. Others have contextualised these decedents-many of whom likely belonged to socially, politically, and/or economically marginalised groups in life-as part of a larger identification crisis in the US. However, there has been little discussion surrounding how this humanitarian crisis has manifested in academic institutions, where anthropologists often provide medicolegal consultation and act as long-term stewards of the unidentified.