Community-based targeted case finding for tuberculosis and HIV in household contacts of patients with tuberculosis in South Africa.

Rationale: South Africa has a high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV-coinfected adults in whom TB is often diagnosed late in the course of disease.

Objectives: Improved case-finding approaches for TB and HIV are needed to reduce mortality and prevent transmission.

Methods: We identified newly diagnosed index TB cases in a rural district and enrolled their households in a TB-HIV contact-tracing study.