Augmented reality technology for preoperative planning and intraoperative navigation during hepatobiliary surgery: A review of current methods.

Background: Augmented reality (AR) technology is used to reconstruct three-dimensional (3D) images of hepatic and biliary structures from computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging data, and to superimpose the virtual images onto a view of the surgical field. In liver surgery, these superimposed virtual images help the surgeon to visualize intrahepatic structures and therefore, to operate precisely and to improve clinical outcomes.

Data Sources: The keywords "augmented reality", "liver", "laparoscopic" and "hepatectomy" were used for searching publications in the PubMed database.

Left renal vein ligation for large splenorenal shunt during liver transplantation.

Adequate hepatopetal portal vein blood flow is obligatory to ensure proper liver function after liver transplantation. Large collateral veins as shunts impair portal vein flow and even cause hepatofugal blood flow and portal steal syndrome. In particular, splenorenal shunts in liver transplant recipients can lead to allograft dysfunction and possible allograft loss or hepatic encephalopathy.

Prognostic and survival analysis of 837 Chinese colorectal cancer patients.

Aim: To develop a prognostic model to predict survival of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: Survival data of 837 CRC patients undergoing surgery between 1996 and 2006 were collected and analyzed by univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazard regression model to reveal the prognostic factors for CRC. All data were recorded using a standard data form and analyzed using SPSS version 18.

Activity of pemetrexed and high-dose gefitinib in an EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma with brain and leptomeningeal metastasis after response to gefitinib.

About 20% to 40% of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) will develop brain metastases during the natural course of their disease. The prognosis for such patients is very poor with limited survival. In addition to the standard whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT), some studies have shown that chemotherapy drugs and/or epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKI) can improve the outcome of these patients.

Evaluation of therapeutic effect of tumor-targeted therapy.

The response evaluation criteria in solid tumors, which are based on tumor size alone, are the most frequently used and effective criteria by which to evaluate the tumor response to chemotherapy. However, the mechanism of tumor-targeted drugs is different from traditional cytotoxic drugs. Tumor-targeted drugs are designed to interfere with specific aberrant biological pathways involved in tumorigenesis.

Acute small bowel obstruction: a rare initial presentation for the metastasis of the large-cell carcinoma of the lung.

We present one case with symptom of paroxysmal abdominal pain for over 20 days. Abdominal computerized tomography (CT) scan revealed intestinal obstruction and a mass of 6.0 cm × 6.

Multidisciplinary treatment with chemotherapy, targeted drug, and high-intensity focused ultrasound in advanced pancreatic carcinoma.

This study reports a case of an advanced pancreatic cancer patient with liver metastasis who was treated with a combination of chemotherapy, targeted drugs, and high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). The abdominal pain was successfully relieved after the HIFU therapy. The patient had an 18-month survival with satisfactory quality of life.