Anatomic Patterns of Distribution of the Renal Arteries' Origin from the Aorta.

Background: To characterize the variation of the renal arteries' origin from the aorta, through examination of computed tomography angiographies (CTAs) in a cohort of patients, and to evaluate any gender-related difference.

Methods: CTA of the thoracoabdominal district in patients with a nondilated aorta (group A), patients with aortic aneurysm involving the origin of splanchnic and/or renal vessels (group B), and patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (group C), were retrospectively analyzed. The diameter and angles of emergence (axial and craniocaudal) of the renal arteries were measured, as well as their mutual distance, and the distance between the renal vessels and the superior mesenteric artery/the aortic bifurcation.

Blunt Thoracic Aortic Injury.

Blunt thoracic aortic injury (BTAI) is a potentially fatal condition that needs prompt recognition and expedited management. Clinical manifestations of BTAI are not straight forwarding and may be misdiagnosed. The grade of aortic injury is an important determinant of perioperative mortality and morbidity, as well as the indication of treatment, along with the presence of concomitant lesions of other involved organs.

Factors associated with perioperative mortality after late open conversion for failed endovascular aortic repair.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review about the clinical and technical aspects of late open conversion for failed endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), and to investigate if the need for suprarenal aortic cross clamping, graft infection, urgent procedures, endoleaks and aortic rupture were associated with an increase of 30-days (perioperative) mortality.

Evidence Acquisition: A literature search was conducted on PubMed using the words "open conversion endovascular" on December 29, 2021. Studies included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case series of patients submitted to open conversion that were performed at least 1 month after the initial EVAR for AAA, reporting about 30-days mortality after surgery.

Partial Eversion Carotid Endarterectomy versus Conventional Techniques for Significant Carotid Stenosis.

Background: To compare the outcomes of patients who were submitted to partial carotid endarterectomy (P-CEA) to those of patients who underwent standard conventional CEA with patch closure (C-CEA) and eversion CEA (E-CEA) for a significant carotid stenosis.

Methods: Data of patients who consecutively underwent CEA from January 2014 to December 2018 for a significant carotid stenosis were retrospectively collected. Primary outcomes included mortality and the occurrence of neurologic and cardiologic complications, both at 30 days and during follow-up.

Aphicidal Activity and Phytotoxicity of Essential-Oil-Based Nano-Insecticide.

Due to its high polyphagy, is considered a key pest of many crops, and it can feed on hundreds of plant species belonging to the families Cucurbitaceae, Malvaceae, Solanaceae, Rutaceae, and Asteraceae. The control of this pest mainly relies on synthetic insecticides whose adverse effects on the environment and human health are encouraging researchers to explore innovative, alternative solutions. In this scenario, essential oils (EOs) could play a key role in the development of ecofriendly pesticides.

Endovascular Materials and Their Behavior in Peripheral Vascular Surgery.

Endovascular techniques have progressively become the first option for the treatment of stenosis and occlusions of both aorto-iliac and femoro-popliteal district. The development of new technologies and new materials has broadened the applicability of the endovascular techniques, allowing the treatment of each lesion with the most suitable material. A knowledge of the behavior of endovascular materials when treating peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is, therefore, crucial for optimization of the results.

COVID and venous thrombosis: systematic review of literature.

Introduction: We aimed to review the prevalence, the risk factors and the outcomes of venous thrombosis (VT) in patients hospitalized for COronaVirus Disease 19 (COVID-19).

Evidence Acquisition: Electronic bibliographic databases were searched using the words "COVID venous thrombosis". The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement standards.

Sudden rupture of small aneurysm of the radial artery in a patient with COVID-19 pneumonia.

In patients with COVID-19, even small radial aneurysm may suddenly rupture.

Factors affecting the occurrence of proximal endoleak after endovascular abdominal aortic repair for abdominal aneurysms.

Objective: This retrospective study was performed to assess the clinical and radiological variables associated with proximal type IA endoleak (EL) in patients treated with elective endovascular repair for abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Methods: The chi-square test, t-test, and logistic regression analysis were performed as appropriate. A P value of <0.

The reversed bell-bottom technique (ReBel-B) for the endovascular treatment of iliac artery aneurysms.

Objective: To describe the results of the reversed bell-bottom (ReBel-B) technique for the endovascular treatment of iliac aneurysms (IA) involving the origin of hypogastric artery (HA).

Methods: The ReBel-B technique is a strategy for the occlusion of HA in selected patients presenting with IA, in whom the HA cannot be spared or safely occluded with coils or vascular plugs. When employing this technique, an iliac flared ("bell-bottom") extension is deployed in a reverse fashion, through a contralateral crossover femoral access that allows the occlusion of the HA at its origin, by exploiting the flared "bell" part of the reversed endograft.

Non-Overt Coagulopathy in Non-ICU Patients with Mild to Moderate COVID-19 Pneumonia.

Introduction: Aim of the study is to assess the occurrence of early stage coagulopathy and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in patients with mild to moderate respiratory distress secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Materials And Methods: Data of patients hospitalized from 18 March 2020 to 20 April 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Two scores for the screening of coagulopathy (SIC and non-overt DIC scores) were calculated.

Correlation of Clinical and Ultrasound Variables to Vulnerability of Carotid Plaques in Patients Submitted to Carotid Endarterectomy.

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation of clinical and ultrasound parameters with characters of vulnerable atherosclerotic carotid plaque, as evaluated at preoperative magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), in patients submitted to carotid endarterectomy (CEA), in order to develop a clinical risk score for plaque vulnerability.

Methods: Preoperative data of patients submitted to CEA for significant carotid stenosis from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2016 were retrospectively collected. The available case series was randomly divided into 2 groups, including a training (60%) and a validation series (40%).

A Unique Case of Iatrogenic Femoral Arteriovenous Fistula associated with Deep Vein Thrombosis after Electrophysiological Procedure in a Kidney Transplanted Patient.

Iatrogenic femoral arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) can complicate femoral artery catheterization procedures. However, the co-occurrence of both is rare. We report the unique case of AVF with DVT, which occurred in the right femoral vessels of a 59-year-old man with a right iliac fossa kidney transplant, after percutaneous puncture for cardiac catheterization.

Sizes of endografts for endovascular aortic repair: do few fit most?

Aim: The endoprostheses for the endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), are currently available in many sizes in reference to the aortic diameters of the proximal neck, but often not all of them are really used. Aim of our work was to review in our experience the most frequent proximal aortic diameters of main bodies that were used, among all those available for EVAR, with respect to the native proximal aortic neck.

Methods: All the sizes of main bodies of the different endografts used for EVAR from 2000 to 2016 were retrospectively counted.

Carotid artery stenting in the elderly. Are there differences between open and closed cell stents?

Introduction: We reviewed our experience of carotid artery stenting (CAS) in patients older than 75 years treated with open or closed cell stents. The aim of our paper is to evaluate if there are differences between the two groups in term of clinical outcomes, neurological impairment and survival.

Material And Methods: CAS consecutively performed from March 2000 and December 2016 in elderly patients were rectrospectively collected.

Hypogastric artery coverage during endovascular aneurysm repair in octogenarian and younger patients.

Aim: To report our experience about hypogastric artery coverage during endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) for aortoiliac aneurysms in patients younger than 80 years (group A) compared with octogenarian patients (group B).

Methods: Data of consecutive EVAR with hypogastric artery coverage from 01/1998 to 12/2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Primary outcomes were the occurrence of ischemic colitis, type II endoleak and buttock claudication both at 30 days and in the long term.

Assessment of long-term survival and stroke after carotid endarterectomy and carotid stenting in patients older than 80 years.

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze preoperative risk factors affecting long-term survival and the occurrence of stroke in patients older than 80 years undergoing either carotid endarterectomy (CEA) or carotid artery stenting (CAS) for carotid stenosis.

Methods: Data of all consecutive patients treated from January 1999 to December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed and outcomes analyzed. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate long-term survival and the risk of stroke for both groups.

Use of venoactive drugs after surgery for varicose veins: a preliminary study.

Background: The aim of this paper was to assess the use of venoactive drugs (VADs) after surgery for chronic venous disease in our operative unit in terms of patients' compliance to the therapy and a possible effect on the postoperative pain and quality of life (QoL).

Methods: Data of consecutive patients who underwent surgery were retrospectively analyzed. All patients, through telephone interview 90 days after the operation, were asked about taking the VAD (either sulodexide or MPFF) which was recommended during the postoperative period.

Appropriateness of Duplex ultrasound assessment on venous system of the legs: a two-month preliminary analysis.

Aim: The goal of this study is to evaluate the appropriateness to prescribe venous ultrasound of lower limbs.

Material Of Study: Over a two months period, 1005 Duplex scans were performed by our Vascular Surgery Unit; out of the total, 225 exams were conducted on venous system of lower limbs. We retrospectively analyzed appropriateness of prescription (according to Lombardy District indications), urgency of prescription, time-lapse between application for the exams and its execution, positive or negative results, National Health System's sustained cost.

Repeated anabolic androgenic steroid treatment causes antidepressant-reversible alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, BDNF levels and behavior.

Abuse of anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) is frequently associated with changes in mood, including depression. However, the nature of this association is still largely unexplored. As a model of AAS abuse, we used male adult rats injected for 4 weeks with either nandrolone or stanozolol at daily doses (5 mg/kg, s.

Prenatal methylmercury exposure: effects on stress response during active learning.

The long-term impact of prenatal methylmercury (MeHg) exposure on the stress response during active learning was investigated. Pregnant rats were gavage fed MeHg (8 mg/kg) on gestational day 15. Ninety-day-old rats born to both MeHg- and saline-treated dams were subjected to an active avoidance test.

Morphine withdrawal increases metabotropic glutamate 2/3 receptors expression in nucleus accumbens.

We examined the effects of chronic morphine treatment and withdrawal on the expression of metabotropic glutamate (mGlu)1, mGlu5, and mGlu2/3 receptors in the nucleus accumbens and caudate putamen. Rats received a 14-day morphine treatment (escalating doses from 10 to 140 mg/kg). Receptor density was evaluated after chronic treatment and after 1, 3, and 14 days of withdrawal.