Molecular Mechanisms of Dietary Compounds in Cancer Stem Cells from Solid Tumors: Insights into Colorectal, Breast, and Prostate Cancer.

Cancer stem cells (CSC) are known to be the main source of tumor relapse, metastasis, or multidrug resistance and the mechanisms to counteract or eradicate them and their activity remain elusive. There are different hypotheses that claim that the origin of CSC might be in regular stem cells (SC) and, due to accumulation of mutations, these normal cells become malignant, or the source of CSC might be in any malignant cell that, under certain environmental circumstances, acquires all the qualities to become CSC. Multiple studies indicate that lifestyle and diet might represent a source of wellbeing that can prevent and ameliorate the malignant phenotype of CSC.

A cutting-edge new framework for the pain management in children: nanotechnology.

Pain is a subjective concept which is ever-present in the medical field. Health professionals are confronted with a variety of pain types and sources, as well as the challenge of managing a patient with acute or chronic suffering. An even bigger challenge is presented in the pediatric population, which often cannot quantify pain in a numerical scale like adults.

Competing for research funding: Key elements impacting the evaluation of grant proposal.

As funding is one of the key pillars of research activity, identifying the factors that impact the evaluation results in research funding competitions remains challenging, due to the heterogeneity of funding instruments. In this context, our study aims to identify the elements that ensure the application's success, comparing two perspectives: one of the applicant and the other based on the evaluation grid. The empirical investigation focuses on a survey of 243 Romanian researchers.

Severe Liver Damage in an Obese Patient: Onset of Celiac Disease or Overlap Syndrome?

Celiac disease (CeD) is an enteropathy caused by the complex interaction between genetic, environmental, and individual immunological factors. Besides the hallmark of intestinal mucosal damage, CeD is a systemic disorder extending beyond the gastrointestinal tract and impacting various other organs, causing extraintestinal and atypical symptoms. The association between CeD and liver damage has been classified into three main categories: mild and asymptomatic liver injury, autoimmune liver injury, and liver failure.

An Overview of Methotrexate Indications in Skin Diseases.

Methotrexate is an immunosuppressive drug with remarkable therapeutic results in the treatment of autoimmune and proliferative skin diseases. Although it has been more than half a century since it was first introduced into the therapeutic arsenal of dermatologists, there are currently no standardized therapeutic protocols regarding the prescription of methotrexate in dermatology, with the exception of psoriasis treatment. This review aims to highlight the indications and benefits of methotrexate beyond psoriasis, with a focus on a wide range of inflammatory, vesiculobullous, and proliferative dermatological pathologies.

Analysis of the Gene Networks and Pathways Correlated with Tissue Differentiation in Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent non-cutaneous cancer in men. Early PCa detection has been made possible by the adoption of screening methods based on the serum prostate-specific antigen and Gleason score (GS). The aim of this study was to correlate gene expression with the differentiation level of prostate adenocarcinomas, as indicated by GS.

First Measurement Using Elliptically Polarized Photons of the Double-Polarization Observable E for γp→pπ^{0} and γp→nπ^{+}.

We report the measurement of the helicity asymmetry E for the pπ^{0} and nπ^{+} final states using, for the first time, an elliptically polarized photon beam in combination with a longitudinally polarized target at the Crystal Ball experiment at MAMI. The results agree very well with data that were taken with a circularly polarized photon beam, showing that it is possible to simultaneously measure polarization observables that require linearly (e.g.

Skin Lesions with Loss of Tissue and Cutaneous-Onset Sepsis: The Skin Infection-Sepsis Relationship.

Infectious and inflammatory dermatoses featuring skin lesions with loss of tissue expose skin layers to microbial invasions, disrupt the normal skin microbiome, and potentially lead to sepsis. However, literature data on the incidence of cutaneous-onset sepsis are scarce. This retrospective observational study assessed hospital admissions for primary skin lesions without bacterial infections and sepsis during 2020-2022 in the largest emergency hospital in NE Romania.

Update on Obesity in Psoriasis Patients.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition, with genetic, epigenetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors contributing to its onset and recurrence. Severe psoriasis has a great impact on quality of life, which is similar to that of insulin-dependent diabetes, depression, and ischemic heart disease, but with a lower mortality. There is an overlap between the rising incidences of autoimmune diseases and obesity.

The Impact of Chronic Stress on Behavior and Body Mass in New Animal Models.

(1) Background: Exposure to different sources of stress can have a significant effect on both psychological and physical processes. (2) Methods: The study took place over a period of 34 days and included a total of 40 animals. Regarding the exposure to chronic stressors, we opted for physiological, non-invasive stressors, e.

Mining TCGA Database for Genes with Prognostic Value in Breast Cancer.

The aim of the study was to use transcriptomics data to identify genes associated with advanced/aggressive breast cancer and their effect on survival outcomes. We used the publicly available The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to obtain RNA sequence data from patients with less than five years survival (Poor Prognosis, = 101), patients with greater than five years survival (Good Prognosis, = 200), as well as unpaired normal tissue data (normal, = 105). The data analyses performed included differential expression between groups and selection of subsets of genes, gene ontology, cell enrichment analysis, and survival analyses.

Thrombosis in Chronic Kidney Disease in Children.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) in children is a rare condition. An increased incidence has been observed in the last few years due to several factors, such as increased survival in chronic conditions, especially chronic kidney disease (CKD), use of catheters, and increased sensitivity of diagnostic tools. VTE includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE).

Determining factors of participation and success rates in research funding competitions: Case study.

Research and innovation play a key role in generating smart and sustainable economic growth. By producing new knowledge, the research contributes to the development of new and innovative products, processes, and services, which in turn lead to increased productivity, industrial competitiveness, and, ultimately, the prosperity of the community as a whole. However, all research, development and innovation activities depend on the financial resources made available, as specific financing accelerates the production and dissemination of the best ideas and practices, as well as their role in meeting the challenges our society deals with nowadays.

Measurement of Compton Scattering at MAMI for the Extraction of the Electric and Magnetic Polarizabilities of the Proton.

A precise measurement of the differential cross sections dσ/dΩ and the linearly polarized photon beam asymmetry Σ_{3} for Compton scattering on the proton below pion threshold has been performed with a tagged photon beam and almost 4π detector at the Mainz Microtron. The incident photons were produced by the recently upgraded Glasgow-Mainz photon tagging facility and impinged on a cryogenic liquid hydrogen target, with the scattered photons detected in the Crystal Ball/TAPS setup. Using the highest statistics Compton scattering data ever measured on the proton along with two effective field theories (both covariant baryon and heavy-baryon) and one fixed-t dispersion relation model, constraining the fits with the Baldin sum rule, we have obtained the proton electric and magnetic polarizabilities with unprecedented precision: α_{E1}=10.

Elderberries-A Source of Bioactive Compounds with Antiviral Action.

In the current context, when more and more unknown pathogens appear, healthy eating and supplementing it with natural products play an increasingly important role in maintaining the health of the body. The European black elder (), found in abundance in the spontaneous flora, can provide us, as a raw material, elderberries, which have been known for thousands of years as having nutritional and healing properties. The phytotherapeutic principles found in elderberry fruits give them antiviral, antibacterial and antidiabetic properties, antitumor potential, antioxidant, antidepressant and immune boosting properties, as well as a certain impacts on obesity and metabolic dysfunctions.

Assessment of Basal Cell Carcinoma Using Dermoscopy and High Frequency Ultrasound Examination.

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of cutaneous neoplasia in humans, and dermoscopy may provide valuable information for histopathological classification of BCC, which allows for the choice of non-invasive topical or surgical therapy. Similarly, dermoscopy may allow for the identification of incipient forms of BCC that cannot be detected in clinical examination. The importance of early diagnosis using the dermoscopy of superficial BCC forms is proven by the fact that despite their indolent clinical appearance, they can be included in high-risk BCC forms due to the rate of postoperative recurrence.

Single production off neutrons bound in deuteron with linearly polarized photons.

The quasifree photon beam asymmetry, , has been measured at photon energies, , from 390 to 610 MeV, corresponding to center of mass energy from 1.271 to 1.424 GeV, for the first time.

Atopic Dermatitis-Beyond the Skin.

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that can arise during the first months of life or at maturity and have a significant negative impact on the quality of life. The main pathogenic mechanism is the breakdown of cutaneous barrier integrity, which is associated with systemic inflammatory immunologic disorders. Atopic dermatitis involves numerous immunologic, allergic, respiratory, and ophthalmologic comorbidities that develop through similar intricate pathogenic phenomena.

High serum level of interleukin-6 is linked with dyslipidemia in oral lichen planus.

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a complex chronic inflammatory disorder in which autocytotoxic CD8 T cells, locally present in the affected tissue, induce basal keratinocyte apoptosis, through the release of several cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6). IL-6 is a proinflammatory cytokine that is related to alterations in lipid metabolism in psoriasis patients. Impaired lipid metabolism together with high serum levels of triglycerides have been found in association with OLP.

Colchicine in the treatment of refractory aphthous ulcerations: Review of the literature and two case reports.

Colchicine has been known and used for over a millennium for its anti-inflammatory properties, being the treatment of choice for gout and familial Mediterranean fever. A tricyclic alkaloid extracted from the herbaceous plant, , colchicine blocks multiple inflammatory pathways, and has antimitotic and antifibrotic action. Although there are insufficient data on the beneficial mechanism of action, colchicine is a widely used treatment in dermatology, one of the morbid conditions with more evidence of efficacy being recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), a disorder with incompletely known etiopathogenesis and, consequently, with poorly defined treatment.

Alleviation of Multidrug Resistance by Flavonoid and Non-Flavonoid Compounds in Breast, Lung, Colorectal and Prostate Cancer.

The aim of the manuscript is to discuss the influence of plant polyphenols in overcoming multidrug resistance in four types of solid cancers (breast, colorectal, lung and prostate cancer). Effective treatment requires the use of multiple toxic chemotherapeutic drugs with different properties and targets. However, a major cause of cancer treatment failure and metastasis is the development of multidrug resistance.

Aspects concerning patient adherence to anti-TNFα therapy in psoriasis: A decade of clinical experience.

Non-adherence to psoriasis treatment has an important impact in controlling chronic disease evolution and the occurrence of systemic comorbidities. Biologic therapy represents a revolutionary treatment, many of the undesirable psychological and socio-economical consequences of conventional topical or systemic therapies being avoided. Nevertheless, the discontinuation of biological therapy may occur due to facts related to the patient, to the lack of good communication between the patient and the physician or to the adverse or paradoxical reactions.