Alcohol-related sexual harassment in the workplace: A between and within industry analysis.

Introduction: Sexual harassment as a political/legal issue was revitalised by the #MeToo movement in 2017. We estimate the prevalence and development of alcohol-related sexual harassment (ASH) across industries over the years 2015 to 2021, including potential changes from 2017, and assess differences in the risk of ASH according to industry- and individual-level characteristics.

Methods: Based on annual surveys (2015-2021) among employees in 21 Norwegian industries (observations N = 11,512, individuals N = 6353).

The Declining Trend in Adolescent Drinking: Do Volume and Drinking Pattern Go Hand in Hand?

Traditionally, adolescent drinking cultures differed between Nordic and Mediterranean countries; the former being characterised by low volume and relatively frequent heavy episodic drinking (HED). Across these drinking cultures, we examined the associations between alcohol volume and HED with respect to (i) secular trends at the country level and (ii) individual-level associations over time. The data stem from the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD) conducted among 15-16-year-olds in Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, France and Italy, employing six cross-sectional surveys from 1999 to 2019 (n = 126,126).

Declining Trend in Adolescent Alcohol Use: Does It Have Any Significance for Drinking Behaviour in Young Adulthood?

Since 2000, adolescent alcohol use has declined substantially in many high-income countries, particularly in Northern Europe. This study examined whether birth cohorts in Norway who experienced different levels of alcohol consumption in mid-adolescence differed in drinking behaviour when they reached young adulthood. We analysed data from annual population surveys in Norway (2012-2021).

Sports participation and alcohol use revisited: A longitudinal study of Norwegian postmillennial adolescents.

Introduction: Recent developments in health behavior among adolescents may have been accompanied by changes in risk factors for alcohol use. Focusing on postmillennial cohorts of adolescents, we revisit the question of whether sports participation is a risk factor for alcohol use.

Method: This study analyses data from four waves (2017-2020) of the MyLife longitudinal study.

Employment trajectories among those treated for alcohol use disorder: A register-based cohort study.

Background And Aims: Employment during and following treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD) is important for the individual's health and well-being and for reducing the societal costs associated with benefit payments. Nonetheless, this is an under-researched topic. This study aimed to identify trajectories of labour force participation among people enrolled in AUD treatment and describe the characteristics of those following contrasting pathways.

Measuring changes in alcohol use in Finland and Norway during the COVID-19 pandemic: Comparison between data sources.

Objectives: To examine (1) how a rapid data collection using a convenience sample fares in estimating change in alcohol consumption when compared to more conventional data sources, and (2) how alcohol consumption changed in Finland and Norway during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Three different types of data sources were used for the 2nd quarter of 2020 and 2019: sales statistics combined with data on unrecorded consumption; the rapid European Alcohol Use and COVID-19 (ESAC) survey (Finland: n = 3800, Norway: n = 17,092); and conventional population surveys (Finland: n = 2345, Norway: n1 = 1328, n2 = 2189, n3 = 25,708). Survey measures of change were retrospective self-reports.

Stronger alcohol-violence association when adolescents drink less? Evidence from three Nordic countries.

Background: Since 2000, adolescents' alcohol use and heavy episodic drinking (HED) have declined in the Nordic countries. However, little is known about corresponding trends in alcohol-related harm and possible changes in the alcohol-harm association. The aims are to examine (i) whether the decline in HED was accompanied by a decline in alcohol-related violence (AV) and (ii) whether the strength of the HED-AV association changed concomitant with the decline.

Alcohol's Harm to Others: Does the Drinking Location Matter?

In order to curb alcohol's harm to others, it is important to identify the contexts where people experience such harm. : To examine whether frequency of drinking in four different locations was associated with increased likelihood of experiencing harm from others' drinking. : Data stem from surveys conducted in the five Nordic countries in 2015 ( = 7065, aged 18-64 years) as part of the European Union's Joint Action on Reducing Alcohol Related Harm (RARHA).

Changes in Alcohol Consumption during the COVID-19 Pandemic-Small Change in Total Consumption, but Increase in Proportion of Heavy Drinkers.

Little is known about possible changes in alcohol consumption distribution during the COVID-19 pandemic. We estimated how individual changes in alcohol consumption during the pandemic translated into changes in: (i) mean consumption; (ii) dispersion of consumption distribution; and (iii) prevalence of heavy drinkers. We employed data from two independent web-surveys of Norwegian adults collected between April and July 2020 and limited to those reporting past year alcohol consumption ( = 15,267, = 1195).

Alcohol Use during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Self-Reported Changes and Motives for Change.

Background: In Europe, the COVID-19 pandemic triggered a range of restrictive measures, which may have impacted alcohol consumption.

Objectives: We explored perceived changes in alcohol consumption, their association with sociodemographic characteristics and past year alcohol consumption, and self-reported reasons for change after CO-VID-19 restrictions in Norway.

Method: A web-based survey was sent to Norwegians aged 18 years and older in June-July 2020.

The role of alcohol use and cigarette smoking in sickness absence: Are there social inequalities?

Background: While studies have found a social gradient in negative consequences of drinking and smoking, evidence is less clear for a gradient also in alcohol use and smoking's association with sickness absence. We investigate the association between alcohol use and cigarette smoking and general sickness absence, and examine the moderating role of socio-economic status for these associations when controlling for general health status.

Method: Questions on alcohol use, measured by the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C), smoking, general health and sickness absence were included in annual national cross-sectional telephone surveys on alcohol, tobacco and drug use (2015-18) amongst Norwegian adults aged 16-79-years (average response rate=59%).

Trends in older adults' alcohol use in Norway 1985-2019.

Aims: To examine the prevalence of and trends in older adults' (60-79 years) alcohol use in Norway between 1985 and 2019.

Methods: Data stem from two repeated cross-sectional surveys in the Norwegian population: Statistics Norway's Health and Living Conditions Surveys from 1985 ( = 7799), 1995 ( = 3518) and 2005 ( = 6487), and the Norwegian Institute of Public Health's (NIPH) annual surveys on alcohol, tobacco and drug use from 2012/2013 ( = 4047), 2014/2015 ( = 4378), 2016/2017 ( = 4264) and 2018/2019 ( = 4330). The following measures were used to examine trends in alcohol use among women and men aged 60 and older: drinking status, drinking frequency, number of drinks per occasion, and frequency of heavy episodic drinking (HED).

Comparing older people's drinking habits in four Nordic countries: Summary of the thematic issue.

Aim: The present article summarises status and trends in the 21st century in older people's (60-79 years) drinking behaviour in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden and concludes this thematic issue. Each country provided a detailed report analysing four indicators of alcohol use: the prevalence of alcohol consumers, the prevalence of frequent use, typical amounts of use, and the prevalence of heavy episodic drinking (HED). The specific aim of this article is to compare the results of the country reports.

Self-reported harm from others' alcohol, cigarette and illegal drug use in Norway.

Aims: While it is documented that substance use harms others than the user, less is known about which substances people experience most harm from, and who the victims and perpetrators are. The aims were: (i) to estimate the prevalence of and overlap in self-reported harm from others' alcohol, cigarette, and illegal drug use; (ii) to examine potential differences in the prevalence of harm from close relations' and strangers' use; and (iii) to examine how the prevalence of harm varies according to demographics and the respondents' substance use.

Methods: Population surveys conducted among 16-64-year-old Norwegians in 2012 and 2016 ( = 3407) assessed self-reported harm from others' alcohol, cigarette and illegal drug use with identical measures, demographic variables and the respondents' substance use.

Work-Related Alcohol Use and Harm to Others.

Drinking alcohol with coworkers is a common practice in many occupational cultures. This practice may produce negative consequences for some employees. : We estimate the prevalence of a set of negative consequences of work-related alcohol use and identify risk factors associated with experience of harm from coworkers' drinking.

Socio-demographic differences in alcohol-related work impairment.

Background And Aims: The costs of alcohol-related presenteeism (being at work in an impaired state due to alcohol use) have been estimated as substantially larger than the costs of alcohol-related absenteeism. Past studies indicate that employees with lower socio-economic status experience more alcohol-attributable problems than employees in higher socio-economic strata. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of alcohol-related presenteeism among Norwegian adults and its association with sex, age, income and education.

Frightening or Foolish? Gendered Perceptions of Public Intoxication Among Youths and Adults in Norway and Finland.

: What people define as acceptable alcohol use may differ between social situations and depend upon on who is drinking as well as who is evaluating the situation. : The aim of the study was to explore how Norwegian and Finnish youth and adults perceived the acceptability of situations involving public intoxication and how gender and alcohol's harm to others were made relevant in their reflections. : We conducted eight focus groups among adolescents ( = 44) and eight among adults ( = 38), using photos and stories of drinking situations as stimuli for the discussions.

The relative impact of smoking, alcohol use and drug use on general sickness absence among Norwegian employees.

Background: It is well documented that tobacco, alcohol and drug use can be detrimental to health. However, little is known about the relative impact of these factors on sickness absence, and whether the association between use of these substances and sickness absence is different for women and men. The aim of this study was to examine the association between tobacco-, alcohol- and drug use, as well as polydrug use, and sickness absence among Norwegian employees.

Alcohol-related absence and presenteeism: Beyond productivity loss.

Background: Alcohol use by employees is associated with negative consequences for the workplace in terms of absence and poor work performance. The aims of this study were to map the prevalence of alcohol-related absence and inefficiency using survey data from a broad sample of employees, and to explore how alcohol-related absence and presenteeism are experienced and handled using data from qualitative interviews.

Methods: The prevalence data stems from a web survey completed by 1940 Norwegian employees aged 20-74 years.

Worries about others' substance use-Differences between alcohol, cigarettes and illegal drugs?

Background: While it is well documented that many experience harm from others' substance use, little is known about the psychological strain associated with others' use. The aims were: (1) to describe the prevalence of worries about others' alcohol, cigarette and illegal drug use, (2) whose substance use people worry about, (3) the overlap in worries, and (4) to examine how worries about others' use of each substance vary according to demographics, own substance use and experience of harm from others' use.

Methods: A population survey was conducted among 16-64year old Norwegians (N=1667).

Harm from others' drinking: How problematic do people with and without experience of harm perceive it to be?

Background: The aims were (1) to map how problematic people perceive it to be that a person experiences different types of harm from others' drinking, (2) to describe how problematic victims of harm from others' drinking perceive the experience to be, and 3) to investigate how perceptions of harm from others' drinking vary according to demographic characteristics, own drinking and experience of harm.

Methods: 2182 persons in Norway aged 18-69 years participated in a panel web survey in 2013. They responded to questions about six types of harm from others' drinking.

Harm Experienced from the Heavy Drinking of Family and Friends in the General Population: A Comparative Study of Six Northern European Countries.

Background: Epidemiological research on alcohol-related harm has long given priority to studies on harm to the drinker. A limitation with this perspective is that it neglects the harm drinking causes to people around the drinker, and thus, it fails to give a full picture of alcohol-related harm in society.

Aim: The aim was to compare the prevalence and correlates of experiencing harm from the heavy drinking by family and friends across the Nordic countries and Scotland and to discuss whether potential differences match levels of drinking, prevalence of binge drinking, and alcohol-related mortality.

Negative consequences of other people's drinking: Prevalence, perpetrators and locations.

Introduction And Aims: While both policy makers and researchers have shown renewed interest in drinking and harm to others, several questions concerning the issue remain unanswered. The aim of this study was to address some of these questions by: (i) presenting updated figures on the prevalence of experienced harm from other people's drinking in various sub-groups; and (ii) examining in which locations such episodes most often occur and who the perpetrators usually are.

Design And Methods: Data were obtained from a general population survey among 16- to 79-year-old Norwegians (n = 1947), where experiences of five negative consequences related to other people's drinking (e.