Exploring the therapeutic effect of core components in Xuanshen Yishen mixture on hypertension through network pharmacology.

Objective: This study aims to elucidate the mechanism of action and impact of the "Xuanshen Yishen Mixture" (XYM) on hypertension.

Methods: Active components were identified and potential targets were predicted using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database. Hypertension-related targets were collected from GeneCards, DRUGBANK, OMIM, TTD, and PharmaGKB databases.

The antihypertensive effect of Alizarin is achieved by activating VEGFR2/eNOS pathway, attenuating oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial damage and premature senescence.

The primary and initial manifestations of hypertension encompass arterial hypoelasticity and histiocyte senescence. Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the progression of senescence. Elevated intracellular oxidative stress levels will directly induce cell damage, disrupt normal physiological signal transduction, which can cause mitochondrial dysfunction to accelerate the process of senescence.

Statins improve cardiac endothelial function to prevent heart failure with preserved ejection fraction through upregulating circRNA-RBCK1.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is associated with endothelial dysfunction. We have previously reported that statins prevent endothelial dysfunction through inhibition of microRNA-133a (miR-133a). This study is to investigate the effects and the underlying mechanisms of statins on HFpEF.

Protective effect of alizarin on vascular endothelial dysfunction via inhibiting the type 2 diabetes-induced synthesis of THBS1 and activating the AMPK signaling pathway.

Background: In this study, we investigated the protective effects of alizarin (AZ) on endothelial dysfunction (ED). AZ has inhibition of the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-induced synthesis of thrombospondin 1 (THBS1). Adenosine 5'-monophosphate- activated protein kinase (AMPK), particularly AMPKα2 isoform, plays a critical role in maintaining cardiac homeostasis.

Amorphous selenium inhibits oxidative stress injury of neurons in vascular dementia rats by activating NMDAR pathway.

Vascular dementia (VD) is one of the most common causes of dementia, taking account for about 20% of all cases. Although studies have found that selenium supplementation can improve the cognitive ability of Alzheimer's patients, there is currently no research on the cognitive impairment caused by VD. This study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of Amorphous selenium nanodots (A SeNDs) in the prevention of VD.

Perillaldehyde improves diabetic cardiomyopathy by upregulating miR-133a-3p to regulate GSK-3β.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is part of the most important causes of death from cardiovascular disease. Perillaldehyde (PAE), a major component of the herb perilla, has been shown to ameliorate doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, but it is unclear whether PAE exerts beneficial effects on DCM. Exploring the potential molecular mechanisms of PAE for the treatment of DCM through network pharmacology and molecular docking.

Cardioprotective role of A-cycloglycosylated derivative of Rubiadin in diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a kind of idiopathic heart disease, which is one of the main complications of diabetes and seriously threatens the life of diabetic patients. Rubiadin, an anthraquinone compound extracted from the stems and roots of rubiaceae, has been widely discussed for its anti-diabetes, anti-oxidation and other pharmacological effects. However, Rubiadin can cause drug-induced liver injury.

Citronellal Attenuates Oxidative Stress-Induced Mitochondrial Damage through TRPM2/NHE1 Pathway and Effectively Inhibits Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

In type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), oxidative stress induces endothelial dysfunction (ED), which is closely related to the formation of atherosclerosis. However, there are few effective drugs to prevent and cure it. Citronellal (CT) is an aromatic active substance extracted from citronella plants.

Nitrosative stress induced by homocysteine thiolactone drives vascular cognitive impairments via GTP cyclohydrolase 1 S-nitrosylation in vivo.

Background: s: Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is one of risk factors for vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1) deficiency is critical to oxidative stress in vascular dysfunction. The aim of this study was designed to examine whether HHcy induces VCI through GCH1 S-nitrosylation, a redox-related post-translational modification of cysteine.

Floralozone improves cognitive impairment in vascular dementia rats via regulation of TRPM2 and NMDAR signaling pathway.

Vascular dementia (VD) is the second largest type of dementia after Alzheimer's disease. At present, the pathogenesis is complex and there is no effective treatment. Floralozone has been shown to reduce atherosclerosis in rats caused by a high-fat diet.

Amorphous nano-selenium quantum dots prevent pulmonary arterial hypertension through recoupling endothelial nitric oxide synthase.

Aims: We have previously reported that nano-selenium quantum dots (SeQDs) prevented endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis. This study is to investigate whether amorphous SeQDs (A-SeQDs) increase endogenous tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis to alleviate pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Results: Both A-SeQDs and C-SeQDs were stable under physiological conditions, while the size of A-SeQDs was smaller than C-SeQDs by high resolution-transmission electron microscopy scanning.

The antihypertension effect of hydrogen sulfide (HS) is induced by activating VEGFR2 signaling pathway.

Aims: Previous studies demonstrated that HS has an antihypertension effect on hypertension, but the mechanism involved is unclear until now. The aim of the study is to elucidate the effect of HS on PH and the mechanism involved.

Main Methods: In this study, GYY4137 (a HS donor) were administered to spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) by intraperitoneally injection daily for consecutive 14 days.

Floralozone Ameliorated Atherosclerosis in Experimental Atherosclerotic Rats Involved with Sphingosine 1-Phosphate 1 Enhancement.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronical pathological process of the arterial narrows due to the AS plaque formation. The aim of this study was to explore the therapeutic effect and the underlying mechanism of Floralozone on experimental atherosclerotic model rats. Experimental atherosclerotic model rats were induced by the right carotid artery balloon injury and intraperitoneal injection of vitamin D3 in rats after 4 weeks high-fat diet.

Vitamin B6 inhibits macrophage activation to prevent lipopolysaccharide-induced acute pneumonia in mice.

Macrophage activation participates in the pathogenesis of pulmonary inflammation. As a coenzyme, vitamin B6 (VitB6) is mainly involved in the metabolism of amino acids, nucleic acids, glycogen and lipids. We have previously reported that activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) produces anti-inflammatory effects both in vitro and in vivo.

Amorphous nano-selenium quantum dots improve endothelial dysfunction in rats and prevent atherosclerosis in mice through Na/H exchanger 1 inhibition.

Aim: Selenium, a trace element involved in important enzymatic activities inside the body, has protective effects against cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis. The safe dose of selenium in the organism is very narrow, limiting the supplementation of selenium in diet. The aim of this study is to explore whether selenium quantum dots (SeQDs) prevent atherosclerosis and to investigate the potential mechanisms.

Intracellular acidosis via activation of Akt-Girdin signaling promotes post ischemic angiogenesis during hyperglycemia.

Aims: The impaired angiogenesis is the major cause of diabetic delayed wound healing. The molecular insight remains unknown. Previous study has shown that high glucose (HG) activates Na/H exchanger 1 (NHE1) and induces intracellular alkalinization, resulting in endothelial dysfunction.

Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers prevent aortic arterial stiffness in elderly patients with hypertension.

: Increased arterial stiffness may increase cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs) are potentially useful in controlling the central blood pressure and arterial stiffness in mild to moderate essential hypertension, while the effects of ARBs in aged patients with essential hypertension are not entirely investigated. : The carotid-femoral arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured in aged patients with essential hypertension.

Traditional Chinese medicine Ka-Sai-Ping suppresses the growths of gastric cancers via induction of autophagy.

Traditional Chinese medication is increasingly used to treat a wide range of human chronic diseases like cardiovascular diseases and cancers. This study was designed to explore whether ka-sai-ping (KSP), a novel traditional Chinese medicine developed by us, prevents gastric cancer growths and to investigate the underlying mechanism. The xenograft model of mouse gastric cancer was established by injecting MFCs into nude mouse subcutaneously.

Vitamin B6 prevents isocarbophos-induced vascular dementia in rats through N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor signaling.

Background: We have previously reported that the long-term exposure of organophosphorus induces vascular dementia (VD) in rats. As a coenzyme, vitamin B6 is mainly involved in the regulation of metabolisms. Whether vitamin B6 improves VD remains unknown.

Berberine promotes ischemia-induced angiogenesis in mice heart via upregulation of microRNA-29b.

Background: Berberine has several preventive effects on cardiovascular diseases. Increased expression of miR-29b has been reported to attenuate cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI). We hypothesized that berberine via an miR-29b-dependent mechanism promotes angiogenesis and improves heart functions in mice after MI.

Traditional Chinese medicine xin-mai-jia recouples endothelial nitric oxide synthase to prevent atherosclerosis in vivo.

Endothelial dysfunction, which is caused by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) uncoupling, is an initial step in atherosclerosis. This study was designed to explore whether Chinese medicine xin-mai-jia (XMJ) recouples eNOS to exert anti-atherosclerotic effects. Pretreatment of XMJ (25, 50, 100 μg/ml) for 30 minutes concentration-dependently activated eNOS, improved cell viabilities, increased NO generations, and reduced ROS productions in human umbilical vein endothelial cells incubated with HO for 2 hours, accompanied with restoration of BH4.

Inhibition of Aberrant MicroRNA-133a Expression in Endothelial Cells by Statin Prevents Endothelial Dysfunction by Targeting GTP Cyclohydrolase 1 in Vivo.

Background: GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1) deficiency is critical for endothelial nitric oxide synthase uncoupling in endothelial dysfunction. MicroRNAs (miRs) are a class of regulatory RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression. We investigated whether statins prevent endothelial dysfunction via miR-dependent GCH1 upregulation.

Chronic administration of isocarbophos induces vascular cognitive impairment in rats.

Vascular dementia, being the most severe form of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI), is caused by cerebrovascular disease. Whether organophosphorus causes VCI remains unknown. Isocarbophos (0.

Protective effect of Xingnaojia formulation on rats with brain and liver damage caused by chronic alcoholism.

The aim of this study was to observe the effect of a formulation of traditional Chinese medicine extracts known as Xingnaojia (XNJ) on the liver function, learning ability and memory of rats with chronic alcoholism and to verify the mechanism by which it protects the brain and liver. A rat model of chronic alcoholism was used in the study. The spatial learning ability and memory of the rats were tested.