Bioinformatics analysis of hub genes as osteoarthritis prognostic biomarkers.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive cartilage degradation disease, concomitant with synovitis, osteophyte formation, and subchondral bone sclerosis. Over 37% of the elderly population is affected by OA, and the number of cases is increasing as the global population ages. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify and analyze the hub genes of OA combining with comprehensive bioinformatics analysis tools to provide theoretical basis in further OA effective therapies.

Slug Flow Coprecipitation Synthesis of Uniformly-Sized Oxalate Precursor Microparticles for Improved Reproducibility and Tap Density of Li(NiCoMn)O Cathode Materials.

The microparticle quality and reproducibility of Li(NiCoMn)O (NCM811) cathode materials are important for Li-ion battery performance but can be challenging to control directly from synthesis. Here, a scalable reproducible synthesis process is designed based on slug flow to rapidly generate uniform micron-size spherical-shape NCM oxalate precursor microparticles at 25-34 °C. The whole process takes only 10 min, from solution mixing to precursor microparticle generation, without needing aging that typically takes hours.

Scalable Advanced Li(NiCoMn)O Cathode Materials from a Slug Flow Continuous Process.

Li[NiCoMn]O (LNCMO811) is the most studied cathode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries with high energy density. However, available synthesis methods are time-consuming and complex, restricting their mass production. A scalable manufacturing process for producing NCM811 hydroxide precursors is vital for commercialization of the material.

Recrystallization of Adenosine for Localized Drug Delivery.

Adenosine (ADO) is an endogenous metabolite with immense potential to be repurposed as an immunomodulatory therapeutic, as preclinical studies have demonstrated in models of epilepsy, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and traumatic brain injury, among others. The currently licensed products Adenocard and Adenoscan are formulated at 3 mg/mL of ADO for rapid bolus intravenous injection, but the systemic administration of the saline formulations for anti-inflammatory purposes is limited by the nucleoside's profound hemodynamic effects. Moreover, concentrations that can be attained in the airway or the brain through direct instillation or injection are limited by the volumes that can be accommodated in the anatomical space (<5 mL in humans) and the rapid elimination by enzymatic and transport mechanisms in the interstitium (half-life <5 s).

Asprin-loaded strontium-containing α-calcium sulphate hemihydrate/nano-hydroxyapatite composite promotes regeneration of critical bone defects.

Our laboratory originally synthesized strontium(Sr)-containing α-calcium sulphate hemihydrate/nano-hydroxyapatite composite (Sr-α-CSH/n-HA) and demonstrated its ability to repair critical bone defects. This study attempted to incorporate aspirin into it to produce a better bone graft material for critical bone defects. After 5% Sr-α-CSH was prepared by coprecipitation and hydrothermal methods, it was mixed with aspirin solution of different concentrations (50 μg/ml, 200 μg/ml, 800 μg/ml and 3200 μg/ml) at a fixed liquid-solid ratio (0.

MOF-derived CoTe with half-metallic character for efficient photochemical conversion of CO under visible-light irradiation.

The Co1.11Te2 material, prepared by using an MOF as the self-template, showed excellent catalytic performance in the photoconversion of CO2 to CO. Experimental and theoretical evidence demonstrate that Co1.

An Exceptionally Efficient Co-Co P@N, P-Codoped Carbon Hybrid Catalyst for Visible Light-Driven CO -to-CO Conversion.

Artificial photosynthesis has attracted wide attention, particularly the development of efficient solar light-driven methods to reduce CO to form energy-rich carbon-based products. Because CO reduction is an uphill process with a large energy barrier, suitable catalysts are necessary to achieve this transformation. In addition, CO adsorption on a catalyst and proton transfer to CO are two important factors for the conversion reaction, and catalysts with high surface area and more active sites are required to improve the efficiency of CO reduction.

Highly Efficient Photocatalytic System Constructed from CoP/Carbon Nanotubes or Graphene for Visible-Light-Driven CO Reduction.

Visible-light-driven conversion of CO to CO and high-value-added carbon products is a promising strategy for mitigating CO emissions and reserving solar energy in chemical form. We report an efficient system for CO transformation to CO catalyzed by bare CoP, hybrid CoP/carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and CoP/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in mixed aqueous solutions containing a Ru-based photosensitizer, under visible-light irradiation. The in situ prepared hybrid catalysts CoP/CNT and CoP/rGO show excellent catalytic activities in CO reduction to CO, with a catalytic rates of up to 39 510 and 47 330 μmol h  g in the first 2 h of reaction, respectively; a high CO selectivity of 73.

Opportunities and challenges of real-time release testing in biopharmaceutical manufacturing.

Real-time release testing (RTRT) is defined as "the ability to evaluate and ensure the quality of in-process and/or final drug product based on process data, which typically includes a valid combination of measured material attributes and process controls" (ICH Q8[R2]). This article discusses sensors (process analytical technology, PAT) and control strategies that enable RTRT for the spectrum of critical quality attributes (CQAs) in biopharmaceutical manufacturing. Case studies from the small-molecule and biologic pharmaceutical industry are described to demonstrate how RTRT can be facilitated by integrated manufacturing and multivariable control strategies to ensure the quality of products.

Turning Ineffective Transplatin into a Highly Potent Anticancer Drug via a Prodrug Strategy for Drug Delivery and Inhibiting Cisplatin Drug Resistance.

Clinically ineffective transplatin is highly potent against cancer cells when transformed into a transplatin(IV) prodrug nanoparticle. Herein, a hydrophobic transplatin(IV) was synthesized by H2O2-oxidization of transplatin and attachment of two hydrophobic aliphatic chains. Transplatin(IV) was subsequently encapsulated by a biodegradable amphiphilic copolymer, MPEG-PLA, forming a well-defined spherical micelles (M(TransPt)).

Nanoparticle-mediated delivery of multinuclear platinum(IV) prodrugs with enhanced drug uptake and the activity of overcoming drug resistance.

Here, a nanoparticle-mediated delivery of multinuclear platinum(IV) prodrugs [biodegradable polymer-di-cisPt(IV)] for overcoming cisplatin drug resistance is reported. From the MTT assays, lower IC50 values of polymer-di-cisPt(IV) on A2780DDP cells than A2780 were observed with the lowest resistance factor of 0.7.