MicroRNA-326 negatively regulates CD155 expression in lung adenocarcinoma.

Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors induces a durable response in some patients with non-small-cell lung cancer, but eventually gives rise to drug resistance. Upregulation of CD155 expression is implicated as one mechanism of resistance to programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand (PD-L1) inhibitors, and it is therefore important to characterize the mechanisms underlying regulation of CD155 expression in tumor cells. The aim of this study was to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) that might regulate CD155 expression at the posttranscriptional level in lung cancer.

Regulation of PD-L1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer by interleukin-1β.

Introduction: Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a biomarker for prediction of the clinical efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in various cancer types. The role of cytokines in regulation of PD-L1 expression in tumor cells has not been fully characterized, however. Here we show that interleukin-1β (IL-1β) plays a key role in regulation of PD-L1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis secondary to autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation: A case report.

Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) is a rare form of interstitial pneumonitis. Although most cases of PPFE are idiopathic, some cases of PPFE occur secondary to stem cell transplantation. We report a 41-year-old woman developed pneumonia after autologous peripheral blood system cell transplantation (PBSCT).

Novel plasmids for the fluorescence-based evaluation of DNA mismatch repair in human cells.

Mismatch repair (MMR) is a highly conserved DNA repair pathway that corrects mismatched bases during DNA replication. The biological significance of MMR in human cells is underscored by the fact that dysfunction of the MMR pathway results in Lynch syndrome, which is associated with a genetic predisposition to different cancer types. We have previously established a reporter mismatch plasmid to evaluate MMR using fluorescent proteins in living cells.

Risk factors for disease progression in Japanese patients with COVID-19 with no or mild symptoms on admission.

Background: Although the risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality have been identified, there is limited information about the risk factors for disease progression after hospitalization among Japanese patients with COVID-19 exhibiting no or mild symptoms.

Methods: All 302 consecutive patients who were admitted to our institutions and diagnosed with COVID-19 between March and December 2020 were retrospectively assessed. Ultimately, 210 adult patients exhibiting no or mild symptoms on admission were included in the analysis.

Remarkable response to dacomitinib in a patient with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis due to EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer.

Dacomitinib, a second-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is a standard therapeutic option for patients with EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, its efficacy in patients with central nervous system lesions is unclear. Here, we describe a case of EGFR-mutant NSCLC whose neurological symptoms were due to leptomeningeal carcinomatosis that was successfully treated with dacomitinib.

Meteorological effects on severe hemoptysis: A hospital-based observational study.

Background: Although some meteorological factor are likely to contribute to the onset of hemoptysis, few studies have investigated this issue, with none conducted in the Asia-Pacific region. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the associations of meteorological factors with the occurrence of hemoptysis. Differences in the frequency of hemoptysis among several calendar variables were also assessed.

The role of 3d electrons in the appearance of ferromagnetism in the antiferromagnetic Ru2MnGe Heusler compound: a magnetic Compton scattering study.

The antiferromagnetism in Ru(2)MnGe can be suppressed by the substitution of V by Mn and ferromagnetism appears. Synchrotron-based magnetic Compton scattering experiments are used in order to investigates the role of 3d electrons in the indirect/direct exchange interactions for the appearance of ferromagnetism. A small spin moment for the itinerant electron part on the magnetic Compton profile indicates that the metallic ferromagnet Ru(2)Mn(0.

Variation of the Ru moment in the Ca(0.3)Sr(0.7)Ru(1-x)Mn(x)O3 system.

The variation of the magnetic moment on Ru and Mn atoms in the Ca(0.3)Sr(0.7)Ru(1-x)Mn(x)O(3) system was investigated by the magnetic Compton scattering technique using synchrotron radiation.

Orbital magnetic moment in Ir doped CaMnO(3).

The magnetism of CaMn(0.55)Ir(0.45)O(3) has been studied using the magnetic Compton scattering technique.

Magnetic ground states of CaRu(1-x)Mn(x)O(3)(0.2 ≤ x ≤ 0.9): a magnetic Compton scattering study.

The magnetism of CaRu(1-x)Mn(x)O(3)(0.2≤x≤0.9) was studied by the magnetic Compton scattering experiment.

Ferromagnetism in CaMn(1-x)Ir(x)O(3).

The crystallographic, magnetic, and electric properties of CaMn(1-x)Ir(x)O(3) (0≤x≤0.6) were investigated. The lattice constants increase with increasing content of Ir.

Inhibitory effects of mulberry leaf extract on postprandial hyperglycemia in normal rats.

We examined the inhibitory effects of aqueous ethanol extract from mulberry leaves (ME) on postprandial hyperglycemia in normal Wistar rats. ME dose-dependently suppressed the postprandial rise of blood glucose in rats, when ME (0.02-0.

Inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-stimulated 32Pi incorporation into phospholipids and protein phosphorylation by 2,7,11-cembratriene-4,6-diol, an antitumor-promoting agent.

A possible mechanism of antitumor-promoting activity of alpha-2,7,11-cembratriene-4,6-diol (alpha-CBT) was studied. alpha-CBT inhibited the 32Pi incorporation into phospholipids of HeLa cells stimulated by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). In contrast to the property to interact with calmodulin of many other antitumor-promoting agents, which were proved to inhibit TPA-stimulated 32Pi incorporation into phospholipids, alpha-CBT did not show any interaction with calmodulin; i.

Formation of mutagens by heating foods and model systems.

We have demonstrated that the pyrolysis products of amino acids and proteins in model systems are mutagenic. The mutagenic principles in the pyrolyzates of amino acids have been isolated and identified by Sugimura et al. We have isolated and identified amino-alpha-carbolines from pyrolyzed soybean globulin as mutagens.

Inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced induction of Epstein-Barr virus early antigen in Raji cells by some inhibitors of tumor promotion.

The effects of some compounds, which have been reported to inhibit tumor promotion in vivo, on the induction of the early antigen (EA) of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in Raji cells were examined. The inhibitors of the cascade process involving arachidonic acid, indomethacin, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, phenidone and p-bromophenacyl bromide, effectively inhibited EBV-EA induction by TPA. Two flavonoids, morin and kaempferol also inhibited EA induction.

Identification of cembratriene-4,6-diol as antitumor-promoting agent from cigarette smoke condensate.

Cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) was separated into several fractions and each was tested for an inhibitory effect on the early antigen (EA) of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) which can be induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in Raji cells. Two diastereoisomers of 2,7,11-cembratriene-4,6-diol (alpha- and beta-CBT) were isolated from the neutral fractions of CSC and these showed potent inhibitory effects on the induction of EBV-EA by TPA. The doses of alpha- and beta-CBT required for 50% inhibition of EBV-EA induction by TPA were 7.

Mutagenicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and quinones on Salmonella typhimurium TA97.

18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 7 quinones were tested for mutagenicity using Salmonella typhimurium TA97, TA98 and TA100 with or without metabolic activation. In the presence of metabolic activation, TA97 was more susceptible to mutation than either TA98 or TA100 by many of PAHs tested. PAHs such as 1-methylphenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[e]pyrene and perylene had high mutagenic effects on TA97 in the presence of metabolic activation.

Caffeine inhibition of the metabolic activation of a carcinogen, 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide, in cultured Chinese hamster cells.

The cytotoxic effect of 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) on cultured Chinese hamster cells was drastically reduced by the presence of caffeine (0.2-1 mM). Caffeine, however, did not reduce the cytotoxicity of 4-hydroxyaminoquinoline-1-oxide (4HAQO), an active metabolite of 4NQO.

Inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced ornithine decarboxylase activity in mouse epidermis by sweetening agents and related compounds.

The effects of naturally occurring sweetening agents, which inhibited the induction of Epstein-Barr virus-associated early antigen (EBV-EA) induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), and related compounds on the induction of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) by TPA is examined. Application of glycyrrhetinic acid or steviol to mouse skin 1 h before TPA treatment showed a remarkable decrease in TPA-induced ODC activity. Post-treatment with glycyrrhetinic acid or steviol 1 h after application of TPA also resulted in a considerable depression in the induction of ODC activity.

Inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced induction in Epstein-Barr virus early antigen in Raji cells.

Retinol, 5 flavonoids, 3 steroids and 7 sweetening agents were studied for their effects on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced early antigen (EA) of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in Raji cells. Concomitant treatment of Raji cells with TPA and retinol showed inhibition of EA induction. Among flavonoids, quercetin resulted in effective inhibition of EA induction by TPA and alpha-naphthoflavone showed the weakly inhibitory effect.

Mutagenicities of the pyrolyzates of peptides and proteins.

Pyrolyzates of 10 peptides, 10 proteins and 5 naturally-occurring materials were tested for mutagenicity in the histidine-requiring mutants Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. Significant mutagenic activity was detected with pyrolyzates of most of these materials. The pyrolyzates requred a liver microsomal fraction, as representative of mammalian metabolism, for their detection as mutagens.