Loss of miR-424 and miR-503 promotes decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells by increasing SCARA5 expression.

This study aims to investigate the function of miR-424 and miR-503, identified as putative regulatory miRNAs of FOXO1, a key factor for decidualization. The expression of both miR-424 and miR-503 in human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) were measured before and after decidualization. Then, HESCs were transfected with both miR-424 and miR-503 before decidualization.

Design of a Tetravalent RGD Peptide Capable of Simultaneous Binding with Multiple Integrin αvβ3 for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy.

For targeted radionuclide therapy, radioligands that exhibit high and persistent tumor uptake are indispensable. We previously synthesized a Tc-labeled hexavalent RGD peptide (Tc-(RGD)) as a tumor imaging agent targeting integrin αvβ3. Tc-(RGD) showed high in vivo tumor uptake with long retention due to simultaneous binding to multiple integrin αvβ3 receptors.

Androgens modulate endometrial function.

Human endometrium is the major target tissue for sex steroid hormones. The circulating steroid hormones in normal ovulatory cycles accurately control the proliferation and differentiation of the endometrial cells. Androgens, such as testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone, are a type of sex steroid hormones that mainly function in the differentiation, development, and maintenance of male sexual characteristics.

Successful treatment of delusional disorder, somatic type by escitalopram: A case report and literature review.

Background: Delusional disorder, somatic type (DDST) is characterized by the presence of persistent delusions related to having a physical illness or bodily dysfunction, despite contradictory medical evidence. Antipsychotics like pimozide have shown efficacy in the treatment of DDST, and several case reports suggest that antidepressants may also be effective for this disorder. We are the first to report the effectiveness of escitalopram, which is a most selective and potent serotonin reuptake inhibitor, in a patient with DDST.

A brief review of MRI studies in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and future perspectives.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and/or impulsivity that significantly affects academic, occupational, and social functioning. This review summarizes key findings of structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies investigating the neural underpinnings of ADHD, focusing on T1-weighted structural MRI, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), task-based functional MRI (task fMRI), and resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). T1-weighted structural MRI studies have revealed reduced gray matter volume in regions implicated in executive function, particularly the frontal cortex, basal ganglia, and cerebellum, along with evidence of delayed cortical maturation.

Prognostic impact of preoperative cachexia in patients undergoing major hepatopancreatobiliary surgery for malignancy.

Background & Aims: Data regarding the association between cachexia and clinical outcomes in hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) malignancies are limited. This retrospective study sought to investigate the prognostic significance of preoperative cachexia in patients undergoing major HPB surgery for malignancies.

Methods: Data from patients, who underwent major open surgery for HPB malignancies between March 2014 and December 2018, were retrospectively reviewed.

Feasibility of Proton Beam Therapy for Para-Aortic Lymph Node Recurrence in Patients With Gynecologic Cancer After Pelvic Irradiation: A Case Series.

Aim: Irradiation of para-aortic lymph node recurrences in patients with prior pelvic irradiation raises concerns about overlapping irradiated fields, which should be minimized to reduce severe adverse events. We report six gynecologic cancer patients treated with proton beam therapy for para-aortic lymph node recurrence after pelvic irradiation.

Methods: Six patients who received proton beam therapy for para-aortic lymph node recurrence after pelvic irradiation between 2010 and 2022 were included.

A novel blood-free analytical framework for the quantification of neuroinflammatory load from TSPO PET Imaging.

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) of the 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) is critical for neuroinflammation studies but faces substantial methodological challenges. These include issues with arterial blood sampling for kinetic modeling, the absence of suitable reference regions, genetic polymorphisms affecting tracer affinity, altered blood-to-brain tracer delivery in inflammatory conditions, and high signal variability. This study presents a novel blood-free reference-free method for TSPO PET quantification, leveraging a logistic regression model to estimate the probability of TSPO overexpression across brain regions.

[Combined Resection of the Superior Mesenteric Vein and Revascularization for Cecal Cancer with Extensive Invasion and Tumor Thrombosis in the Superior Mesenteric Vein-A Case Report].

The patient was a 76-year-old woman. When she visited a nearby clinic for pedal edema and palpitations, she was found to have severe anemia, which led to a referral to our hospital. Cecal cancer with regional lymph node metastasis and tumor thrombosis in the superior mesenteric vein were diagnosed.

Determinants of acute phase reactant scores in well-appearing neonates with maternal risk factors for neonatal infection.

Aim: Approximately 99% of neonatal deaths from sepsis occur in low-to middle-income countries, highlighting the need for efficient screening tools. The Acute Phase Reactant (APR) score comprises C-reactive protein, α1-acid glycoprotein, and haptoglobin, and can be assessed using a latex agglutination kit without modern equipment and expertise. This study assessed APR-score inter-rater reliability and identified non-infectious independent variables associated with positive APR scores in well-appearing term neonates with maternal risk factors for neonatal infection.

The Impact of Immune-Related Adverse Event Severity on Prognosis in Elderly Patients With Nonsmall-Cell Lung Cancer in First-Line Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment.

Background: Recently, the treatment needs of elderly lung cancer patients have become comparable with those of younger patients. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of first-line immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in elderly patients with nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), stratified by immune-related adverse events (irAEs) severity, and identified key prognostic factors.

Methods: This retrospective study targeted patients with advanced or recurrent NSCLC who received ICI therapy as first-line treatment between April 2017 and March 2023.

Useful Bowel Preparation with Ultralow-Volume (500 mL) Polyethylene Glycol for Colonoscopy: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Adequate bowel preparation is indispensable for high-quality colonoscopy. We have developed an ultralow-volume (500 mL) polyethylene glycol (PEG) combined with other laxatives (sennoside, sodium picosulfate, and lactulose) and applied this regimen clinically to all patients with colonoscopy for 3 decades. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of this ultralow-volume bowel preparation regimen.

Effectiveness of syndecan-1 as an adjunct diagnostic marker in small bowel injury: a report of two cases.

Background: Small bowel injuries are rare in trauma. Diagnosing these injuries is difficult owing to the lack of clear signs, and delays in diagnosis might increase complications and mortality. Trauma can damage the vascular endothelial glycocalyx, with syndecan-1 emerging as a marker of injury.

Enumeration Approach to Atom-to-Atom Mapping Accelerated by Ising Computing.

Chemical reactions are regarded as transformations of chemical structures, and the question of which atoms in the reactants correspond to which atoms in the products has attracted chemists for a long time. Atom-to-atom mapping (AAM) is a procedure that establishes such correspondence(s) between the atoms of reactants and products in a chemical reaction. Currently, automatic AAM tools play a pivotal role in various chemoinformatics tasks.

Peripheral Neuropathy in Systemic Sclerosis with Proximal Nerve Involvement: Diagnostic Challenges and Response to Corticosteroid Therapy.

Peripheral neuropathy is a complication in systemic sclerosis that is occasionally encountered in clinical settings. The mechanisms underlying this condition remain unclear and treatment strategies have not yet been established, making management challenging. Here, we report a case of peripheral neuropathy associated with systemic sclerosis that was successfully treated with corticosteroid therapy despite the absence of conventional inflammatory findings on histopathology or blood tests.

HIV service use among minoritized racial and ethnic transgender and gender non-conforming youth in the U.S South: a qualitative investigation.

Transgender youth are disproportionately affected by HIV, particularly minoritized youth in the US south. To understand HIV service use among transgender youth, we interviewed 25 young racial and ethnic minority clients of four southern community-based HIV service organizations (CBOs), and CBO staff ( = 12), about service access and use. Participants were assigned male at birth and identified as female ( = 8), transgender ( = 11) or gender-fluid or nonbinary ( = 6).

Crucial role of early addition of Wickerhamiella versatilis in enhancing aroma formation during soy sauce fermentation.

In modern Japanese soy sauce production, sealed outdoor fermentation tanks are used to ferment moromi with halotolerant starter cultures: the lactic acid bacterium Tetragenococcus halophilus and yeasts Wickerhamiella versatilis and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii. T. halophilus and W.

Intranasal administration of stem cell-derived exosome alleviates cognitive impairment against subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Introduction: Brain damage caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) currently lacks effective treatment, leading to stagnation in the improvement of functional outcomes for decades. Recent studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of exosomes released from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), which effectively attenuate neuronal apoptosis and inflammation in neurological diseases. Due to the challenge of systemic dilution associated with intravenous administration, intranasal delivery has emerged as a novel approach for targeting the brain.

A Case of Small-Cell Lung Cancer With Novel Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Gene Rearrangement That Developed Intradural Extramedullary Spinal Metastases With Myelitis.

( gene rearrangement-positive small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is extremely rare. A 73-year-old man was diagnosed with SCLC. Standard treatments were not effective.

Genome Analysis of Japanese Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Strains Isolated From Kawasaki Disease Patients and Other Sources and Their Phylogenetic Positions in the Global Y. pseudotuberculosis Population.

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Ypt) is a gram-negative bacterium that infects both humans and animals primarily through fecal‒oral transmission. While Ypt causes acute gastroenteritis in humans, an association with Kawasaki disease (KD), a disease that primarily affects infants and young children and causes multisystemic vasculitis, has also been suspected. Although KD represents a significant health concern worldwide, the highest annual incidence rate is reported in Japan.

Adult neurogenesis in the ventral hippocampus decreased among animal models of neurodevelopmental disorders.

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in social interaction and communication, along with restricted and repetitive behaviors. Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to ASD, with prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA) and nicotine being linked to increased risk. Impaired adult hippocampal neurogenesis, particularly in the ventral region, is thought to play a role in the social deficits observed in ASD.

Cross-sectional area on magnetic resonance images of the semitendinosus tendon is strongly related to the collagen fibril diameter.

Purpose: Using a thin semitendinosus tendon as an autograft is a risk factor for poor clinical outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Preoperative evaluation of the cross-sectional area of the semitendinosus tendon using magnetic resonance imaging is useful. However, studies comparing the cross-sectional area of the semitendinosus tendon on magnetic resonance imaging and the collagen fibril diameter of the semitendinosus tendon are lacking.

Components of cognitive-behavioural therapy for mitigating core symptoms in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and network meta-analys.

Question: Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is frequently implemented for individuals with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It is still unknown which specific components are effective, because CBT is a complex intervention with several components. The objective of this review was to assess the efficacy of CBT components for ADHD.