Effects of Malted Rice Amazake Consumption on Nutritional Status and Gut Microbiome in Older Patients and Residents of an Integrated Facility for Medical and Long-Term Care.

Malnutrition is observed in approximately 20-50% of hospitals and long-term care facilities. We examined the effects of malted rice amazake beverage on the nutritional status and gut microbiome of older patients and residents in an integrated long-term care facility; 13 older patients and residents (84.6 ± 9.

Clinical Phenotypes Associated with the Gut Microbiome in Older Japanese People with Care Needs in a Nursing Home.

Background: Frailty increases the risk of needing nursing care and significantly affects the life and functional prognosis of older individuals. Early detection and tailored interventions are crucial for maintaining and enhancing their life functions. Recognizing distinct clinical phenotypes is essential for devising appropriate interventions.

A modern multi-omics data exploration experience with Panomicon.

Summary: To address the challenges of the storage, sharing, and analysis of multi-omics data, here we introduce the newest version of Panomicon, which includes the improvement of the underlying data model, the introduction of new registration and control access service, together with the seamless integration with other services (like TargetMine for data enrichment analysis), integrated in a completely new, more user friendly web application.

Availability And Implementation: Panomicon is available online at https://panomicon.nibiohn.

Association Between Gut Microbiome Composition and Physical Characteristics in Patients with Severe Motor and Intellectual Disabilities: Perspectives from Microbial Diversity.

Background: The human gut environment undergoes substantial changes as a host ages. This investigation centered on the gut microbiome diversity among patients with severe motor and intellectual disabilities (SMID), examining the association between the gut microbiome composition and physical characteristics with varying levels of diversity.

Methods: Fourteen subjects were investigated, with physical and defecation status, blood biochemical test, gut microbiome profiling, and fecal metabolites used to divide the patients into a high-diversity group (HD, eight patients) and a low-diversity group (LD, six patients).

APRIL/BAFF upregulation is associated with clonal B-cell expansion in Hunner-type interstitial cystitis.

Hunner-type interstitial cystitis (HIC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the urinary bladder with an unknown etiology. We conducted comprehensive immunogenomic profiling of bladder specimens obtained by biopsy and cystectomy from 37 patients with HIC. Next-generation RNA sequencing demonstrated abundant plasma cell infiltration with frequent light chain restriction in HIC-affected bladder tissue.

Construction of a -value prediction model and molecular dynamics study of AmNA-containing gapmer antisense oligonucleotide.

RNase H-dependent antisense oligonucleotides (gapmer ASOs) represent a class of nucleic acid therapeutics that bind to target RNA to facilitate RNase H-mediated RNA cleavage, thereby regulating the expression of disease-associated proteins. Integrating artificial nucleic acids into gapmer ASOs enhances their therapeutic efficacy. Among these, amido-bridged nucleic acid (AmNA) stands out for its potential to confer high affinity and stability to ASOs.

Comprehensive genomic analysis reveals clonal origin and subtype-specific evolution in a case of sporadic multiple meningiomas.

Meningioma is the most common primary intracranial tumor in adults, with up to 10% manifesting as multiple tumors. Data on the genomic and molecular changes in sporadic multiple meningiomas are scarce, leading to ongoing debates regarding their evolutionary processes. A comprehensive genetic analysis of a large number of lesions, including precursor lesions, is necessary to explore these two possible origins: clonal and independent.

Electric wiring of bacteria using redox polymers and selective measurement of metabolic activity in the presence of surrounding planktonic bacteria.

Non-electroactive bacteria (n-EAB), constituting the majority of known bacteria to date, have been underutilized in electrochemical conversion technologies due to their lack of direct electron transfer to electrodes. In this study, we established an electric wiring between n-EAB (gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and gram-negative Escherichia coli) and an extracellular electrode via a ferrocene-polyethyleneimine-based redox polymer (Fc-PEI). Chronoamperometry recordings indicated that Fc-PEI can transfer intracellular electrons to the extracellular electrode regardless of the molecular organization of PEI (linear or branched) and the membrane structure of bacteria (gram-positive or -negative).

Effect of resistance training and chicken meat on muscle strength and mass and the gut microbiome of older women: A randomized controlled trial.

This study investigated the effects of white meat, such as chicken, intake combined with resistance training on muscle mass and strength in the elderly women, and whether the underlying mechanism involves changes in the gut microbiota. Ninety-three volunteers (age 59-79 years) were randomly allocated to sedentary control with placebo (Sed + PL) or chicken meat (Sed + HP) and resistance training with placebo (RT + PL) or chicken meat (RT + HP). Resistance training sessions were performed 3 d/week for 12 weeks using leg extensions and curls.

SFTPB in serum extracellular vesicles as a biomarker of progressive pulmonary fibrosis.

Progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF), defined as the worsening of various interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), currently lacks useful biomarkers. To identify novel biomarkers for early detection of patients at risk of PPF, we performed a proteomic analysis of serum extracellular vesicles (EVs). Notably, the identified candidate biomarkers were enriched for lung-derived proteins participating in fibrosis-related pathways.

Appropriate Relevancy and Reliability of Real-World Data for the Utilization of Regulatory Submission.

The extraction of data that contribute to regulatory approval from real-world data (RWD) is difficult because of the lack of a standardized data format and extraction methodology. Additionally, when real-world evidence (RWE) is used as an external control group, the similarity between internal and external control data is not evaluated. To investigate the data extraction methodology for the external control data of rare molecular subtypes, we have initiated the "REALISE" study.

Case report: Navigating treatment pathways for cardiac intimal sarcoma with N666K mutation.

In the realm of rare cardiac tumors, intimal sarcoma presents a formidable challenge, often requiring innovative treatment approaches. This case report presents a unique instance of primary intimal sarcoma in the left atrium, underscoring the critical role of genomic profiling in guiding treatment. Initial genomic testing unveiled a somatic, active mutation in ( N666K), accompanied by and amplifications.

Galectin-10 in serum extracellular vesicles reflects asthma pathophysiology.

Background: Novel biomarkers (BMs) are urgently needed for bronchial asthma (BA) with various phenotypes and endotypes.

Objective: We sought to identify novel BMs reflecting tissue pathology from serum extracellular vesicles (EVs).

Methods: We performed data-independent acquisition of serum EVs from 4 healthy controls, 4 noneosinophilic asthma (NEA) patients, and 4 eosinophilic asthma (EA) patients to identify novel BMs for BA.

Structural and accessibility studies highlight the differential binding of clemizole to TRPC5 and TRPC6.

Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 5 (T RP C5) and T RP C6 channels play critical physiological roles in various cell types. Their involvement in numerous disease progression mechanisms has led to extensive searches for their inhibitors. Although several potent T RP C inhibitors have been developed and the structure of their binding sites were mapped using cryo electron microscopy, a comprehensive understanding of the molecular interactions within the inhibitor binding site of T RP Cs remains elusive.

Synthesis of Topological Gels by Penetrating Polymerization Using a Molecular Net.

Topological gels possess structures that are cross-linked only via physical constraints; ideally, no attractive intermolecular interactions act between their components, which yields interesting physical properties. However, most reported previous topological gels were synthesized based on supramolecular interlocked structures such as polyrotaxane, for which attractive intermolecular interactions are essential. Here, we synthesize a water-soluble "molecular net" (MN) with a large molecular weight and three-dimensional network structure using poly(ethylene glycol).

Attention network for predicting T-cell receptor-peptide binding can associate attention with interpretable protein structural properties.

Understanding how a T-cell receptor (TCR) recognizes its specific ligand peptide is crucial for gaining an insight into biological functions and disease mechanisms. Despite its importance, experimentally determining TCR-peptide-major histocompatibility complex (TCR-pMHC) interactions is expensive and time-consuming. To address this challenge, computational methods have been proposed, but they are typically evaluated by internal retrospective validation only, and few researchers have incorporated and tested an attention layer from language models into structural information.

The Trends and Future Prospective of In Silico Models from the Viewpoint of ADME Evaluation in Drug Discovery.

Drug discovery and development are aimed at identifying new chemical molecular entities (NCEs) with desirable pharmacokinetic profiles for high therapeutic efficacy. The plasma concentrations of NCEs are a biomarker of their efficacy and are governed by pharmacokinetic processes such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). Poor ADME properties of NCEs are a major cause of attrition in drug development.