Adult-type systemic varicella in a female patient in course of treatment of her so-called reactive lymphocytic (T-cell) hyperplasia.

A 31-year-old woman was examined in this case. Biopsy revealed an abnormal nontumorous proliferation of T-cells in the lymph node. Clinically, the patient was treated by C-MOPP and steroid under clinical suspicion of T-cell lymphoma.

Modulation of cholestatic factor production by serum components.

When lymph node cells from sensitized guinea pigs were stimulated in vitro with a specific antigen and their culture supernatant was injected into the mesenteric vein of rats, a marked decrease in bile flow was demonstrated. The treatment of activated lymphocytes with a higher molecular weight fraction of normal human serum Fr-1 and Fr-2 was shown to decrease the reduction of bile flow. Conversely, a lower molecular weight fraction of serum (Fr-3) was found to augment the reduction of bile flow.

Lipid peroxide formation in isolated hepatocytes by cytotoxic factors produced from lymphokine-activated macrophages.

When peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with chronic active hepatitis were stimulated with liver specific lipoprotein (LSP), considerably higher frequencies of lymphocyte transformation and MIF production were induced. Peritoneal macrophages from guinea pigs were activated by lymphokine-containing lymphocyte culture supernatant and produced a cytotoxic (or cytostatic) factor acting on isolated hepatocytes in culture. The cytotoxic (or cytostatic) factor, which was fractionated by Sephadex G-75 column gel filtration followed by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography, had cytotoxic effect on isolated liver cells and produced a significant amount of lipid peroxide.

Induction of liver cell injury by antibody-dependent monocyte-mediated cytotoxicity in vitro.

The isolated liver cells coated with the anti-liver cell membrane antibody were damaged by incubation with the peripheral blood mononuclear cells. This was demonstrated by measuring the reduction of protein synthesis in the target liver cells. Adherent cells from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells were shown to have a sufficient capacity acting on the isolated liver cells as an effector when they were separated from the peripheral blood of normal and patients with acute or chronic active hepatitis.

Modulation of the macrophage hepatocytotoxicity and plasminogen activator activity of activated macrophages from guinea pigs by serum components from normal human and patients with liver diseases.

Activated macrophages (m phi) exhibited cytotoxic effects on isolated liver cells and produced plasminogen activator (PA) in vitro. A high molecular weight fraction of normal human serum (Fr-1) was shown to reduce the m phi-mediated hepatocytotoxicity and enhance the PA activity of activated m phi. Conversely, a lower molecular weight fraction of serum (Fr-3) was found to enhance the hepatotoxic potential and decrease the PA activity of activated m phi.

Studies on the mechanism of liver injury by macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity--partial purification of cytotoxic factor detected in the culture supernatant of activated macrophages.

The culture supernatant of activated lymphocytes was shown to contain macrophage activating factor (MAF), a kind of lymphokine, which activated the peritoneal macrophages prepared from guinea pigs. When the culture fluid of the MAF-activated macrophages was added to the isolated liver cells, a significant inhibition of their albumin biosynthesis was demonstrated. The active material was recovered in a definitive fraction by gel filtration using a Sephadex G-75 column and this was further fractionated into two fractions by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography, suggesting that at least two kinds of active substances existed.

Bacillus thermoglucosidasius sp. nov., a New Species of Obligately Thermophilic Bacilli.

A group of 6 strains of obligately thermophilic spore-formers is described as a novel species named Bacillus thermoglucosidasius. The strains are strictly aerobic, neutrophilic, amylolytic, Gram-positive, azide sensitive, produce terminally swollen sporangia and exo-oligo-1,6-glucosidase in large amounts. Strain KP 1006 (DSM 2542) is designated as the type strain.

Studies on the mechanism of liver injury by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)--partial purification of cytotoxic factor detected in the culture supernatant of ADCC reaction.

Liver cell damage is inducible when isolated liver cells coated with the specific antibody against the liver cell membrane are cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Moreover, a cytotoxic material (or materials) causing an inhibition of protein synthesis in liver cells was detected in culture supernatant of these antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) reactions. By gel filtration using a Sephadex C-75 column, the active material (materials) was recovered in a definitive fraction and was further fractionated into two portions by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography.