Efficacy of Cryofiltration for Treatment of Mixed Cryoglobulinemia: A Report of Four Cases.

Cryoglobulinemia can induce systemic vasculitis affecting various organs such as skin, peripheral nerves, and kidney. The disease can induce chronic organ failure and even be life-threatening. Cryofiltration has been applied for the treatment of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis.

A rare congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt affecting the inferior mesenteric vein, inferior vena cava, and left ovarian vein.

Purpose: To observe a case of congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt and discuss it from the embryological and clinical viewpoints.

Methods: An 85-year-old female cadaver was employed for a dissection course at Aichi Medical University in 2009.

Results: There was no evidence of liver cirrhosis macroscopically or microscopically.