[Thymoma-associated generalized myasthenia gravis complicated with anti-VGKC complex antibody-associated limbic encephalitis: a case report].

We present a case of a 54-year-old woman. She was attending our department for thymoma-associated generalized myasthenia gravis. While she was treated with intravenous immunoglobulins for the exacerbation of myasthenic symptoms, she suddenly lost her consciousness for the first time and continued to have mild disorientation along with anterograde and retrograde amnesia afterwards.

Revisiting the History of Odontoma, with Special Reference to Its Original Illustration.

Background: Practically every facet of the most common odontogenic tumor, odontoma, has been covered by an extensive volume of literature. However, uncertainty about its precise history has persisted.

Materials And Methods: The historical evolution of odontoma was traced with reference to the original illustrations that accompanied European and American reports published at the beginning of the 19th century and also at the turn of the century.

Generation-Dependent Retention Rates and Reasons for Discontinuation of Molecular Targeted Therapies in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: From FIRST Registry.

Introduction: The study aimed to optimize medical care for elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by examining the 3-year continuation rate of different molecular targeted therapies across age groups in Japan, which has a significant elderly population.

Methods: The study included patients with RA who started molecular targeted therapies between 2013 and 2019 and divided them into three age groups. The primary outcome was to assess the 3-year continuation rate of each drug and analyze reasons for treatment discontinuation using inverse probability of treatment weighting.

Minocycline-Induced Hyperpigmentation: Importance of Early Diagnosis.

A 75-year-old woman on hemodialysis for end-stage renal failure due to polycystic kidney disease developed dark spots on her limbs. She had been treated for extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli bacteremia by a rectovaginal fistula and was on long-term oral minocycline (cumulative dose 45 g). Physical examination revealed dark patches on her forearms and lower legs but no trunk hyperpigmentation or visual impairment.

Cryptococcus neoformans requires the TVF1 gene for thermotolerance and virulence.

Cryptococcus neoformans is the primary causative agent of cryptococcosis. Since C. neoformans thrives in environments and its optimal growth temperature is 25-30°C, it needs to adapt to heat stress in order to cause infection in mammalian hosts.

Prognostic Association of Liposomal Amphotericin B Doses Above 5 mg/kg/d in Mucormycosis: A Nationwide Epidemiologic and Treatment Analysis in Japan.

Background: Mucormycosis is a potentially fatal fungal infection, and there is limited information on its precise epidemiology and treatment practices, including the optimal dosage of liposomal amphotericin B.

Methods: A retrospective, multicenter, nationwide analysis of 82 proven and probable cases of mucormycosis was performed. Cases between 2015 and 2022 were collected from 51 hospitals in Japan by hematologists and infectious disease specialists.

HER-2-Targeted Boron Neutron Capture Therapy with Carborane-integrated Immunoliposomes Prepared via an Exchanging Reaction.

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a promising modality for cancer treatment because of its minimal invasiveness. To maximize the therapeutic benefits of BNCT, the development of efficient platforms for the delivery of boron agents is indispensable. Here, carborane-integrated immunoliposomes were prepared via an exchanging reaction to achieve HER-2-targeted BNCT.

Behavioral changes of food allergic model mice during light and dark period.

Although an animal model of food allergy has been used to investigate its progression mechanism, most researcher could not assess its symptoms for long especially under dark environment. We assessed the behavioral changes of food allergic mice using an image analysis system to track a mouse under both light and dark environments. Mice were sensitized with intraperitoneal ovalbumin (OVA) injections and challenged ten times with oral OVA administration.

Risk Factors for Post-Stroke Pneumonia in a Patient Population with Subacute Stroke: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

The risk of pneumonia and death is higher in acute stroke patients with signs of pulmonary infection on chest computed tomography (CT) at admission. However, few reports have examined the incidence of pneumonia and its predictors in subacute stroke patients. The aim of this study was to examine factors related to post-stroke pneumonia in subacute stroke patients.

Pre-Stroke Loop Diuretics and Anemia in Elderly Patients Are Associated Factors of Severe Renal Dysfunction at the Time of Acute Stroke Onset.

Background: Severe renal dysfunction (SRD), an advanced stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD), can limit the treatment options for acute stroke (AS) patients. Therefore, it is important to investigate the associated factors of SRD in AS patients to inhibit CKD progression to SRD before AS. Sex differences exist in the renal function.

Reinforced antimyeloma therapy via dual-lymphoid activation mediated by a panel of antibodies armed with bridging-BiTE.

Immunotherapy using bispecific antibodies including bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) has the potential to enhance the efficacy of treatment for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. However, myeloma may still recur after treatment because of downregulation of a target antigen and/or myeloma cell heterogeneity. To strengthen immunotherapy for myeloma while overcoming its characteristics, we have newly developed a BiTE-based modality, referred to as bridging-BiTE (B-BiTE).

Effects of wearing an opaque or transparent face mask on the perception of facial expressions: A comparative study between Japanese school-aged children and adults.

The negative side effects of mask-wearing on reading facial emotional cues have been investigated in several studies with adults post-2020. However, little is known about children. This study aimed to determine the negative influence of mask-wearing on reading emotions of adult faces by Japanese school-aged children, compared to Japanese adults.

The possibility of mutations of RAS signaling genes and/or TP53 in combination as a negative prognostic impact on pathological stage I non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: The recurrence rate of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is as high as 30%, even in the cancer with pathological stage I disease. Therefore, identifying factors predictive of high-risk pathological recurrence is important. However, few studies have examined the genetic status of these tumors and its relationship to prognosis.

Long-Term Outcomes of Pylorus-Preserving Gastrectomy for Early Gastric Cancer.

Background: In the short term, pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (PPG) has been reported to have advantages over distal gastrectomy (DG) with regard to postprandial symptoms and dumping syndrome. We aimed to evaluate the quality of life after PPG for early gastric cancer in the long term in comparison to that after DG.

Methods: Twenty-six patients who underwent gastrectomy (11 PPG, 15 DG) for early gastric cancer at Osaka University Hospital participated and were followed for more than 4 years.

Gilteritinib as Bridging and Posttransplant Maintenance for Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia with FLT3-ITD Mutation Accompanied by Extramedullary Disease in Elderly.

A 69-year-old woman was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with an FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3-internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) mutation. Complete remission (CR) was achieved after induction therapy, but AML resulted in a hematological relapse two months after the consolidation chemotherapy. Relapse was accompanied by multiple skin lesions that demonstrated leukemic cell infiltration as well as a drooping right eyelid with extroversion of the eye due to right oculomotor palsy.

Evaluation of the risk of diarrhea induced by epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors with cultured intestinal stem cells originated from crypts in humans and monkeys.

Severe diarrhea is a common side effect of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). We aimed to evaluate the risk of EGFR-TKI-induced diarrhea using spheroids of human and monkey crypt-derived intestinal stem cells. Intestinal spheroids exhibited higher toxic susceptibility to EGFR-TKIs than Caco-2 cells.

Evaluating the potential of immunotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy in the treatment of elderly non-small cell lung cancer patients: A real-world study.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) has become the standard therapy for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, no robust evidence on the efficacy and safety of ICI in elderly NSCLC patients has been established.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of ICI in elderly NSCLC patients.

Strong Constraints on Jet Quenching in Centrality-Dependent p+Pb Collisions at 5.02 TeV from ATLAS.

Jet quenching is the process of color-charged partons losing energy via interactions with quark-gluon plasma droplets created in heavy-ion collisions. The collective expansion of such droplets is well described by viscous hydrodynamics. Similar evidence of collectivity is consistently observed in smaller collision systems, including pp and p+Pb collisions.