Liquid-crystal-imprinted synthesis of chiral polypyrroles without a chiral centre using a two-step method of spark-discharge oligomerisation-electrochemical polymerisation.

Pyrrole in a cholesteric liquid crystal was discharged using a Tesla coil to generate pyrrole radicals, affording linear-shaped nano-ordered pyrrole oligomers. Subsequently, the electrochemical polymerisation of a pre-oriented pyrrole oligomer having good affinity for liquid crystals was performed to achieve polypyrrole-imprinted asymmetry from the cholesteric liquid crystal structure. The resultant polymers were analysed using polarising optical microscopy observations, scanning electron microscopy, electrochemistry, optical spectroscopy, and electron spin resonance.

Impact of Janus kinase inhibitors and methotrexate on interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Objectives: Little is known about how various treatments impact the progression of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Here, we compared ILD progression in RA patients treated with Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) or biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs). experiments were also performed to evaluate the potential effects of the drugs on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a key event in pulmonary fibrosis.

Effect of Regional Anesthesia on Intraoperative Hyperkalemia in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: Two Case Reports.

Intraoperative hyperkalemia is particularly common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We report two cases of intraoperative hyperkalemia occurring under general anesthesia, while potassium levels remained stable with regional anesthesia alone. Case 1 involved a 69-year-old male with CKD who underwent total thyroidectomy under general anesthesia and developed intraoperative hyperkalemia, requiring glucose-insulin (GI) therapy.

Helical magnetism in poly(aniline--ferrocene): structure and magnetism.

This study reports the synthesis and characterisation of a ferrocene-based conjugated polymer and a chiral composite. The precursor copolymer was synthesised from 1,3-phenylenediamine and 1,1'-dibromoferrocene Buchwald-Hartwig polycondensation. This polymerisation process increased the effective conjugation length and led to magnetic spin interactions along the main chain, resulting in a ground triplet spin state at 25 °C.

Effects of switching to dolutegravir/lamivudine from tenofovir alafenamide fumarate/emtricitabine/dolutegravir or abacavir/lamivudine/dolutegravir on body weight and lipid profile in Japanese people living with HIV.

Background: The two-drug regimen of dolutegravir/lamivudine (DTG/3TC) is currently an optional antiretroviral therapy (ART). Despite its reported advantages on body weight and lipid profile, the same effects have not yet been reported for Asian population.

Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective study involving Japanese people living with HIV (PLWH).

Favorable impact of azithromycin on patients in the intensive care unit with coronavirus disease 2019: Insights from the first wave using a Japanese database.

Background: Azithromycin has favorable effects on critical respiratory diseases owing to its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. During the early stages of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, azithromycin was frequently administered before specific treatments were developed. However, the efficacy of this treatment has not been verified.

Perfect Diamagnetism of Polyaniline.

Herein, we report the synthesis of Fe-doped polyaniline (D-PANI). The onset of the diamagnetism is observed to be at < 24 K under a weak external magnetic field. D-PANI was air-stable and showed the Peierls transition, as its resistivity increased rapidly at low temperatures, thus behaving as an electromagnetic insulator.

Identification and in vivo functional analysis of furanocoumarin-responsive cytochrome P450s in a Rutaceae-feeding Papilio butterfly.

The Order Lepidoptera contains nearly 160,000 described species and most of them are specialist herbivores that use restricted plant species as hosts. Speciation that originated from host shift is one of the important factors for the diversification of Lepidoptera. Because plants prepare secondary metabolites for defense against herbivores, with varying profiles of the components among different plant taxa, the specialist herbivores need to be adapted to the toxic substances unique to their host plants.

Study of optical rotation based on the molecular structure in fused oligomers of macrocycles.

We designed a unique oligomer form in which several helically twisted macrocycles (- or -helicity) are arranged through fusion. We investigated the optical rotation of a series of fused oligomers of macrocycles with a difference in the number and arrangement of elements associated with point-chiral auxiliary. Some oligomers cooperatively attained a situation where an identical sense of twisting was preferred throughout the entire molecule.

Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis diagnosed using transbronchial lung cryobiopsy: A case report.

A 63-year-old Japanese woman with multiple cysts in both lungs on chest computed tomography (CT) was referred to our hospital after a thorough examination, including a transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB), failed to provide a diagnosis. Based on the findings on chest CT and pathological examination of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) specimen, the patient was diagnosed with pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH). TBLC may replace TBLB as the main diagnostic technique for PLCH, although further studies are required to determine the usefulness of TBLC for the diagnosis of PLCH.

Disseminated Infection Mimicking Sarcoidosis: A Case Report and Review of Literature on Japanese Patients.

Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease characterized by noncaseating epithelioid cell granulomas. However, certain infections can exhibit similar histological findings. We present a case of a 69-year-old man who was initially diagnosed with sarcoidosis and later was confirmed, through 16S rRNA sequencing, to have disseminated infection.

Comprehensive comparison of global coagulation assays to differentiate lupus anticoagulant from acquired hemophilia A in patients with prolonged APTT.

There is no established method for differentiating acquired hemophilia A (AHA) from lupus anticoagulant (LA) positivity because both present with prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time. We compared various parameters of rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM), thrombin generation assay (TGA), and clot waveform analysis (CWA) in patients with AHA (n = 10) and LA (n = 44). Compared with AHA, possible (n = 12) and definite (n = 32) LA showed significantly shorter clotting time (CT) in NATEM mode of ROTEM (> 3600 vs.

Successful immunosuppressant-free treatment of a drug-induced sarcoidosis-like reaction caused by dupilumab.

We present a case of a drug-induced sarcoidosis-like reaction (DISR) in a 34-year-old female patient who had been receiving dupilumab for eosinophilic rhinosinusitis, for seven months. Computerized tomography scans revealed multiple lymphadenopathies, and biopsies performed on the lung and skin lesions showed the presence of non-caseating granulomas. The patient's serum levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor and angiotensin-converting enzyme were elevated.

Importance of intraoperative indocyanine green imaging in the management of non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia: a case report.

Background: Non-obstructive intestinal ischemia (NOMI) is caused by intestinal vascular spasm and has a poor prognosis if not diagnosed and treated early. Indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging has been reported to be useful for the intraoperative assessment of the extent of intestinal resection required for NOMI. Few reports have described massive intestinal bleeding after conservative management of NOMI.

Construction of Engineered Muscle Tissue Consisting of Myotube Bundles in a Collagen Gel Matrix.

Tissue engineering methods that aim to mimic the hierarchical structure of skeletal muscle tissue have been widely developed due to utilities in various fields of biology, including regenerative medicine, food technology, and soft robotics. Most methods have aimed to reproduce the microscopical morphology of skeletal muscles, such as the orientation of myotubes and the sarcomere structure, and there is still a need to develop a method to reproduce the macroscopical morphology. Therefore, in this study, we aim to establish a method to reproduce the macroscopic morphology of skeletal muscle by constructing an engineered muscle tissue (EMT) by culturing embryonic chicken myoblast-like cells that are unidirectionally aligned in collagen hydrogels with micro-channels (i.

The termination of UHRF1-dependent PAF15 ubiquitin signaling is regulated by USP7 and ATAD5.

UHRF1-dependent ubiquitin signaling plays an integral role in the regulation of maintenance DNA methylation. UHRF1 catalyzes transient dual mono-ubiquitylation of PAF15 (PAF15Ub2), which regulates the localization and activation of DNMT1 at DNA methylation sites during DNA replication. Although the initiation of UHRF1-mediated PAF15 ubiquitin signaling has been relatively well characterized, the mechanisms underlying its termination and how they are coordinated with the completion of maintenance DNA methylation have not yet been clarified.

Proteomic Applications in Aquatic Environment Studies.

Genome determines the unique individualities of organisms; however, proteins play significant roles in the generation of the colorful life forms below water. Aquatic systems are usually complex and multifaceted and can take on unique modifications and adaptations to environmental changes by altering proteins at the cellular level. Proteomics is an essential strategy for exploring aquatic ecosystems due to the diverse involvement of proteins, proteoforms, and their complexity in basic and advanced cellular functions.

Evaluation of the Growth-Inhibitory Spectrum of Three Types of Cyanoacrylate Nanoparticles on Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria.

The development of novel effective antibacterial agents is crucial due to increasing antibiotic resistance in various bacteria. Poly (alkyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles (PACA-NPs) are promising novel antibacterial agents as they have shown antibacterial activity against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. However, the antibacterial mechanism remains unclear.

Prolonged α-thrombin-related activation and delayed active protein C-associated degradation confer mild phenotype in a patient with severe hemophilia A with F8 p.H118R.

In hemophilia A, bleeding mostly correlates with factor VIII activity (FVIII:C), although some patients show discrepancy in bleeding severity and FVIII:C. We report a novel procoagulant mechanism associated with F8 p.H118R (c.

Two cases of superior mesenteric artery syndrome during chemotherapy in patients with lung cancer.

Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a rare disease, characterized by the narrowing of the third portion of the duodenum between the aorta and SMA. The cause of the stenosis is a decrease in retroperitoneal fat between the aorta and SMA. In this report, we present two cases of SMA syndrome that occurred during chemotherapy for lung cancer.

Acute respiratory failure due to infection with acute fibrinous and organazing pneumonia: A case report.

A 59-year-old woman complaining of wet cough, hemoptysis, slight fever, anorexia, and malaise was admitted to hospital with suspected lobar pneumonia. She received treatment for myocardial infarction and deep venous thrombosis caused by familial protein C deficiency. Rapid deterioration due to respiratory failure occurred despite intensive care with broad-spectrum antibiotics.

The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2020 (J-SSCG 2020).

The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2020 (J-SSCG 2020), a Japanese-specific set of clinical practice guidelines for sepsis and septic shock created as revised from J-SSCG 2016 jointly by the Japanese Society of Intensive Care Medicine and the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine, was first released in September 2020 and published in February 2021. An English-language version of these guidelines was created based on the contents of the original Japanese-language version. The purpose of this guideline is to assist medical staff in making appropriate decisions to improve the prognosis of patients undergoing treatment for sepsis and septic shock.

Clinical Evaluation of Conventional Human Coronavirus Infection in Adults.

Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) are distributed globally and they cause a range of respiratory symptoms. Since HCoV infection usually causes mild upper respiratory tract disease and currently has no specific therapy, there are limited reports on its features, especially in adults. We aimed to evaluate the features of HCoV infections in clinical settings.