Hot Water Extract of the Caterpillar Medicinal Mushroom Cordyceps militaris (Ascomycetes) Fruiting Body Activates Myeloid Dendritic Cells through A Dectin-1-Mediated Pathway.

The traditional use of Cordyceps militaris, an entomopathogenic fungus, in East Asian medicine has been well documented. Our previous study revealed that the fruiting body powder of C. militaris, referred to as Ryukyu-kaso, contains 1,3-β-glucan and stimulates bone marrow-derived dendritic cells via a dectin-1-dependent pathway.

Effect of Cordyceps militaris extract containing cordycepin on the adipogenesis and lipolysis of adipocytes.

Obesity, a global health concern, results from an energy imbalance leading to lipid accumulation. In the present study, Cordyceps militaris extract (CM) and its primary component, cordycepin, were investigated to characterize their potential effects on adipogenesis and lipolysis. Treatment with CM or cordycepin reduced lipid droplets and increased hormone-sensitive lipase activation in 3T3-L1 cells.

PuraStat as secondary therapy for hemostasis in Mallory-Weiss syndrome with oral antithrombotic medication.

Mallory-Weiss syndrome (MWS) is a common cause of gastroesophageal bleeding. Vomiting increases intra-abdominal and intra-esophageal pressures, causing hyperextension of the esophagogastric junction and laceration. Most affected patients respond well to conservative treatment; however, those with active bleeding require endoscopic intervention.

Cordyceps militaris fruit body activates myeloid dendritic cells via a Dectin-1-mediated pathway.

Cordyceps militaris, an entomopathogenic fungus, has been traditionally used in East Asian medicine. Recent research indicates that the fruit bodies of C. militaris are rich in bioactive compounds, such as polysaccharides and nucleosides, which may offer health benefits.

Total Synthesis of Dinorsesquiterpenoid Oxyphyllin A/Belchinoid A.

Here, we report the first synthesis of oxyphyllin A/belchinoid A, a 7,9-seco-8,12-dinor-guaiane sesquiterpene whose isolation was reported independently by two groups in 2023. This synthesis utilizes a key sequential sulfone-mediated intermolecular alkylation/5-endo-tet cyclization reaction to establish the C1, C4, C5 stereocenters. Subsequent transformations, including regio- and stereoselective hydride addition-based desulfonylation via a π-allyl palladium complex and the Wittig reaction with a stable phosphonium ylide, facilitated the synthesis of oxyphyllin A/belchinoid A.

Long-Term Outcomes of Cementless Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty in Young Patients With Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: The Impact of Implant Improvements and Preoperative Stage.

Introduction Advancements in bipolar hemiarthroplasty (BHA) implants in the mid-1990s contributed to favorable short-term outcomes for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), particularly in cases without acetabular cartilage lesions. Nevertheless, long-term results remain unclear. In this study, we investigated (i) the impact of new-generation BHA implants and (ii) the effect of the preoperative stage on long-term outcomes in young patients with ONFH.

[A case of hepatic portal venous gas and upper gastrointestinal mucosal injury due to accidental ingestion of hydrogen peroxide].

A 40-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital by ambulance due to accidental ingestion of 100ml of 35% hydrogen peroxide. Although the patient suffered from frequent vomiting, abdominal distension, and abdominal pain, signs of peritonitis were not observed. An abdominal computed tomography examination demonstrated obvious gas images in the gastric wall and intrahepatic portal veins.

Total Synthesis of Marine Polyketide Plakortone Q.

The total synthesis of the natural bicyclo[3.3.0]furanolactone polyketide, plakortone Q, was achieved in 24 steps from (R)-Roche ester.

Trace Ammonia Equilibrium Pressure of Zirconium Phosphate in Moisture.

Zirconium phosphate-absorbed ammonia gas and the ammonia concentration (pressure) decreased to 2 ppm (ca. 20 Pa). However, it has not been clarified what the equilibrium pressure of zirconium phosphate is during ammonia gas ab/desorption.

Influence of Psychotropic Drug Use on Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients with Schizophrenia.

Objective: In the treatment of patients with schizophrenia, (PRN) drugs are commonly prescribed for medical indications such as agitation, acute psychiatric symptoms, insomnia, and anxiety. However, high-quality evidence supporting the use of PRN medications is lacking, and these drugs are administered on the basis of clinical experience and habits. Therefore, the actual use of psychotropic PRN drugs and its influence on the patients' outcomes need to be investigated.

Synthesis and Evaluation of MGB Polyamide-Oligonucleotide Conjugates as Gene Expression Control Compounds.

MGB polyamide-oligonucleotide conjugates - with linked MGB polyamides at the 2-exocyclic amino group of a guanine base using aminoalkyl linkers were synthesized and evaluated in terms of binding affinity for complementary DNA containing the MGB polyamide binding sequence using and CD analyses. The MGB polyamides comprised pyrrole polyamides (Py- and Py-), which possess binding affinity for A-T base pairs, and imidazole (Im-) and pyrrole--imidazole (Py--Im-) polyamide hairpin motifs, which possess binding affinity for C-G base pairs. It was found that the stability of modified dsDNA was greatly influenced by the linker length.

Isolation and characterization of blackish-brown BY2-melanin accumulated in cultured tobacco BY-2 cells.

The tobacco BY-2 cell line is one of the most utilized plant cell lines. After long-term culture, the cells turn brown to black, but the causal pigment is unknown. We successfully isolated a blackish-brown pigment from BY-2 cells cultured for 3 weeks.

Biomimetic total synthesis of plakortone Q acid-mediated tandem cyclization.

Plakortone Q and plakdiepoxide are natural polyketides isolated from the marine sponge . Bicyclo[3.3.

Regeneration Process of Ammonia-Absorbed Zirconium Phosphate to Zirconium Phosphate.

Zirconium phosphate [Zr(HPO)·HO] absorbs 2 mol(NH)/mol[Zr(HPO)·HO] with a low equilibrium plateau ammonia concentration of around 1 ppm in water. In this study, in order to investigate the regeneration process of ammonia-absorbed zirconium phosphate [Zr(NHPO)·HO], Zr(NHPO)·HO was heat-treated above 353 K under an inert gas. Then, the structures of the heat-treated samples were evaluated using powder X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry measurements.

Total syntheses of -hypocoprin A and -hypocoprin B.

This study reports the stereoselective total syntheses of the antipodes of the unique 3/10 bicyclic skeletal sesquiterpenoids, namely, hypocoprin A and hypocoprin B. The synthesis involved conjugate addition accelerated by trimethylsilyl chloride, construction of the ten-membered ring the intramolecular S2 reaction promoted by 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.

Analysis of sodium generation by sodium oxide decomposition on corrosion resistance materials: a new approach towards sodium redox water-splitting cycle.

In this study, the investigation of materials with corrosion resistance was carried out to prevent side reactions caused by sodium oxide (NaO) in the Na-redox thermochemical water splitting cycle, and essential operational conditions for sodium (Na) generation from NaO were also investigated. Thermal desorption spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques at altered conditions were mainly used for the experimental investigation. Numerous types of materials were tested to find materials with high resistance towards corrosion and to understand essential thermal decomposition processes of NaO.

Observational Study on Unhealthy Eating Behavior and the Effect of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors: The Luseogliflozin Ehime Diabetes Study.

Introduction: Luseogliflozin is a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor. Unhealthy eating behavior is associated with diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. However, evidence regarding the effect of medications, including SGLT2 inhibitors, on unhealthy eating behavior is limited.

Psychological stress of emergency medical staff after the largest mass murder incident in post-World War II era.

Background: A mass-casualty incident occurred on July 26, 2016, at Tsukui Yamayuri-en, which is a welfare facility for people with intellectual disabilities. Nineteen residents with intellectual disabilities were killed, and 26 other residents and staff members were injured. Kitasato University Hospital Emergency and Disaster Medical Center treated many patients in serious condition at the site and in the hospital.

Catalytic Activities of Various Niobium Oxides for Hydrogen Absorption/Desorption Reactions of Magnesium.

Five types of niobium(V) oxides (NbO) were synthesized by hydrothermal and heat treatment processes, and their structural properties and catalytic activities for the hydrogen absorption/desorption reactions of magnesium were characterized. The synthesized Nb oxides were dispersed on magnesium hydride (MgH), a typical hydrogen storage material, using the ball-milling method. All the synthesized Nb oxides improved the reaction kinetics of the hydrogen desorption/absorption reactions.

Temperature rise of LaNi-based alloys by hydrogen adsorption.

The temperature rise of AB-type alloys by hydrogen adsorption was limited by their critical temperatures (). We found the relation between the H desorption temperatures of metal hydrides at atmospheric pressure () and their c followed the Guldberg rule ( = 3/2 ), revealing a simple method to estimate .

Factors associated with blood carnitine levels in adult epilepsy patients with chronic valproic acid therapy.

Aims: Valproic acid (VPA) is a widely used antiepileptic drug for the treatment of epilepsy, seizures, and bipolar and psychiatric disorders. A deficiency of carnitine, a compound involved in energy production, is associated with chronic VPA use. However, the clinical factors affecting blood carnitine levels and their pathophysiology remain unclear.

Total Synthesis of Chlorinated Oxylipin Eiseniachloride B.

Eiseniachloride B is a marine chlorinated oxylipin isolated from the brown alga Eisenia bicyclis. This natural product contains cyclopentane, chlorohydrin, and 14-membered lactone systems that incorporate five stereogenic centers. In this paper, we report on the total synthesis of structurally unique oxylipin eiseniachloride B from optically active lactol via ecklonialactone B in a linear sequence comprising 11 steps with a 12.

Synergetic NH absorption properties of the NaBH-LiBH mixed system.

NaBH does not absorb NH below 100 kPa but transforms into a liquid state after NH absorption. On the other hand, LiBH absorbs NH at pressures lower than 100 kPa. Interestingly, mixed borohydrides absorbed NH at low pressures and were liquefied above 100 kPa due to a synergetic phenomenon.