Risks of postextraction bleeding after receiving direct oral anticoagulants or warfarin: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: The effect of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) on the risk of bleeding after tooth extraction remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of postextraction bleeding among patients who received DOAC and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), such as warfarin.

Design: This study was a retrospective cohort analysis.

Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and tumor microenvironment: Implications for patients with oral precancerous lesions.

Objectives: Cancer immunoediting represents a relatively novel concept attempting to explain the process of tumor escape from the host immune system response. Here, we attempted to elucidate the role of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), the tumor microenvironment, and tumor escape mechanisms that allow malignant transformation of oral precancerous lesions.

Materials And Methods: Patients with oral precancerous lesions managed at the Nara Medical University Hospital, Japan, (n=120) were enrolled in this study.

A Foreign Body Granuloma of the Buccal Mucosa Induced by Honeybee Sting.

A foreign body granuloma of the buccal mucosa induced by honeybee sting was reported. The patient was an 82-year-old female who presented with a submucous mass at the right buccal mucosa. The mass was 20 mm in diameter, elastically firm, partly mobile without pain or tenderness, and covered with almost normal mucosa.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor has oncogenic functions in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Aims: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor (PAUF) is a novel secretory protein which promotes tumour progression, metastasis and poor prognosis in pancreatic, cervical and colorectal carcinoma. It is also associated with gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer cells. However, the expression and function of PAUF in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unknown.

LEM domain containing 1 promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma invasion and endothelial transmigration.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinomas have high potential for locoregional invasion and nodal metastasis. Thus, early detection and elucidation of detailed molecular mechanisms of OSCCs are important. Roles of LEM domain containing 1 (LEMD1), a novel cancer-testis antigen, in OSCCs are unclear.

NEDD 4 binding protein 2-like 1 promotes cancer cell invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Head and neck cancer, including oral squamous cell carcinoma, is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Although cancer cell invasion and metastasis are crucial for tumor progression, detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the invasion and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma are unclear. Comparison of transcriptional profiles using a cDNA microarray demonstrated that N4BP2L1, a novel oncogene expressed by neural precursor cells, is involved in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

A comprehensive expression analysis of the MIA gene family in malignancies: MIA gene family members are novel, useful markers of esophageal, lung, and cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

Melanoma inhibitory activity (MIA) gene family members include MIA, MIA2, and Transport and Golgi organization protein 1 (TANGO). Although MIA gene family members have several tumor-related functions, their detailed roles in malignancies remain poorly elucidated. In this study, 477 tumor specimens were subjected to immunohistochemical screening to evaluate MIA gene family expression.

Storkhead box 2 and melanoma inhibitory activity promote oral squamous cell carcinoma progression.

Background: Storkhead box protein 2 (STOX2) is a transcriptional factor associated with pre-eclampsia with fetal growth restriction. We recently reported that melanoma inhibitory activity (MIA) promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) progression. However, the relationship between STOX2 and MIA remains unknown in malignancies.

Snail-induced EMT promotes cancer stem cell-like properties in head and neck cancer cells.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key process involved in the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. Furthermore, EMT can induce a cancer stem cell (CSC)-like phenotype in a number of tumor types. We demonstrated that Snail is one of the master regulators that promotes EMT and mediates cancer cell migration and invasion in many types of malignancies including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

HuD promotes progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Head and neck cancer, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), ranks as the sixth most common malignancy worldwide. Overall 5-year survival rates of OSCC have not significantly improved during the past 3 decades and the 5-year survival rate is less than 50%. Several invasion grading systems have been employed in OSCC, however, their utility is still controversial.

[18F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose-positron emission tomography for the assessment of histopathological response after preoperative chemoradiotherapy in advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: [(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is widely used to evaluate tumor metabolic activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of FDG-PET in assessing the histopathological response to preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods: Forty-five patients with resectable advanced OSCC who had received preoperative CRT followed by tumor ablative surgery between January 2004 and December 2011 were included in the study.

Transport and Golgi organisation protein 1 is a novel tumour progressive factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Transport and Golgi organisation protein 1 (TANGO), also known as MIA3, belongs to the melanoma inhibitory activity (MIA) gene family. Although MIA acts as an oncogene, MIA2 and TANGO have a tumour-suppressive function in several malignancies; accordingly, the role and function of the MIA gene family in tumours remain controversial. Here the roles of TANGO were investigated in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Prox1 and FOXC2 act as regulators of lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Prospero homeobox 1 (Prox1) and forkhead box (FOX) C2 regulate angiogenesis and/or lymphangiogenesis. However, the detailed role and function of Prox1 and FOXC2 in cancer remains controversial. In the present study, we examined the expression of Prox1 and FOXC2 proteins in specimens from 163 cases with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

A keratocyst in the buccal mucosa with the features of keratocystic odontogenic tumor.

A 74-year-old male patient consulted us for an elastic firm mass in the right buccal mucosa. CT examination revealed a well-circumscribed oval cystic lesion in the anterior region of the masseter muscle. On MRI, the lesion showed a low signal on T1-weighted image and a high signal on T2-weighted image.

Possible peripheral mechanism for taste disorder in rats administered S-1.

Background: Taste disorders are frequently observed in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and are serious adverse events which impair the quality of life (QoL) of the cancer patient. Nevertheless, taste disorder mechanisms in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy have not yet been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to reveal taste disorder-related peripheral mechanisms using the two-bottle preference test (TBPT) and histological examination of tongues by hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry with protein-gene product 9.

Tropomyosin receptor kinases B and C are tumor progressive and metastatic marker in colorectal carcinoma.

Members of the tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) family have a high affinity for neurotrophins and regulate neuronal survival. The role of Trks in cancer is still controversial. The expression and role of TrkB and TrkC were examined in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Trks are novel oncogenes involved in the induction of neovascularization, tumor progression, and nodal metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

The function of tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) family including TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC in cancer remains unknown. The role of Trks in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was examined. Knockdown of Trks provided inhibition of growth or invasion and decrease of apoptosis in OSCC cells, which expressed Trks at high levels.

Association of candy weight loss rate with whole saliva flow rates.

Objective: The association of candy weight loss rate (CWLR) with whole saliva flow rates (WSFRs) was analyzed.

Study Design: The unstimulated whole saliva flow rate (UWSFR), stimulated whole saliva flow rate by the gum test (SWSFR-GT) and stimulated whole saliva flow rate by the Saxon test (SWSFR-ST) were measured in 300 healthy young adults. CWLR was measured by passively holding sugar candy between the tongue dorsum and hard palate.

Downregulation of runt-related transcription factor 3 associated with poor prognosis of adenoid cystic and mucoepidermoid carcinomas of the salivary gland.

Runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) is a transcription factor of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily and acts as a tumor suppressor gene, which is silenced by hypermethylation of the promoter region in various cancers. In this study, we examined the expression and methylation status of RUNX3 in the salivary gland cancers pleomorphic adenoma (PA), adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). The cytoplasmic expression rates of RUNX3 in PA, ACC and MEC were 65% (13/20), 22.

MIA-dependent angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are closely associated with progression, nodal metastasis and poor prognosis in tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

We examined the role of angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis and the relationship between melanoma inhibitory activity (MIA) and angiogenesis or lymphangiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). One hundred and one formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of primary OSCC were evaluated for microvessel density (MVD), lymphovessel density (LVD), expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF-C, VEGF-D and MIA. Fresh frozen 18 samples of primary OSCC were further examined for the expression of VEGF, VEGF-C, VEGF-D and MIA protein by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Maxillofacial fractures resulting from falls.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze maxillofacial fractures resulting from falls in terms of the demographics, the circumstance of injury, the site and severity of fracture, and the treatment.

Patients And Methods: Data of 457 patients treated for fall-related maxillofacial fractures at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan, from 1981 to 2007 were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: Patients were 163 males and 116 females with an average age of 51.

Fate of developing tooth buds located in relation to mandibular fractures in three infancy cases.

The fate of developing tooth buds located in relation to mandibular fractures was investigated in three infancy cases. Three infants, 2 girls and a boy, aged from 1 year and 5-months old to 2 years and 6-months old, were treated for dislocated mandibular fracture in the symphyseal region by manual reduction and fixation with a thermoforming splint and circumferential wiring under general anesthesia. Fracture healing was uneventful in all cases.

HMGB1 attenuates anti-metastatic defence of the liver in colorectal cancer.

High mobility group box (HMGB) 1 induces apoptosis of monocyte-lineage cells. We examined the effect of HMGB1 on Kupffer cells (KCs). In 50 Dukes C and 12 liver-metastasised Dukes D colorectal cancers (CRCs), higher HMGB1 concentration in the primary tumours and metastatic foci, and fewer KCs were found in Dukes D cases than in Dukes C cases.

Atrophic change of tongue papilla in 44 patients with Sjögren syndrome.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the atrophic change of tongue papilla in Sjögren syndrome (SjS) patients and the correlation with characteristic features of the disease.

Study Design: Atrophic change of tongue papilla, investigated by a digital microscope, was classified from score 0 (normal) to score 6 (severe) and compared among 44 SjS patients, 20 xerostomia patients, and 20 healthy subjects. In SjS patients, correlation of the atrophic score of tongue papilla with characteristic changes in sialometry, sialography, lip biopsy, and serologic tests was also investigated.

Whole saliva flow rate and body profile in healthy young adults.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of the body profile on the whole saliva flow rate in healthy male and female subjects.

Study Design: The whole saliva flow rate was evaluated under unstimulated (UWSFR) and stimulated conditions by the gum test (SWSFR-GT) and Saxon test (SWSFR-ST), and its correlation with body profiles such as body height (BH), body weight (BW), body surface area (BSA) and body mass index (BMI) was analysed in 100 male and 100 female subjects.

Results: The averages of UWSFR, SWSFR-GT and SWSFR-ST and those of BH, BW, BSA and BMI were significantly larger in males than in females (p<0.