Evolution and divergence of the role of plant ethylene receptor-related histidine kinases in abscisic acid signaling.

Plant responses to the water environment are mediated by ethylene (submergence response) and abscisic acid (ABA, drought response). Ethylene is perceived by a family of histidine kinase receptors (ETR-HKs), which regulate the activity of the downstream B3 Raf-like (RAF) kinase CONSTITUTIVE TRIPLE RESPONSE1 (CTR1) in an ethylene-dependent manner. We previously demonstrated in the moss Physcomitrium patens that SNF1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2), an essential kinase in osmostress responses in land plants, is activated by the B3-RAF kinase ARK, which is also regulated by ETR-HKs in an ABA- and osmostress-dependent manner.

Mechanical loading-induced alveolar bone remodeling is suppressed in the diabetic state via the impairment of the specificity protein 1/vascular endothelial growth factor (SP1/VEGF) axis.

Aims/introduction: Orthodontic treatment involves alveolar bone remodeling in response to mechanical loading, resulting in tooth movement through traction-side bone formation and compression-side bone resorption. However, there are conflicting reports regarding alveolar bone resorption during the orthodontic treatment of patients with diabetes.

Materials And Methods: Diabetes was induced in 8-week-old C56BL/6J mice using streptozotocin (STZ).

Impacts of Hyperglycemia on Epigenetic Modifications in Human Gingival Fibroblasts and Gingiva in Diabetic Rats.

Periodontal disease is considered one of the diabetic complications with high morbidity and severity. Recent studies demonstrated the involvement of the epigenome on diabetic complications. Histone modifications change chromatin architecture and gene activation.

Variation in Diffusion Tensor Imaging Parameters in the Cervical and Thoracic Spinal Cord (C1-C5 and C6-T2) Segments of Normal Beagle Dogs.

This study aimed to determine the characteristics and reference values of each vertebra in the cervicothoracic region by performing diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scans and analyzing DTI parameters in normal Beagle dogs. In five adult Beagles under anesthetic maintenance, DTI was performed using a 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner.

Lipopolysaccharides Promote Proliferation and Migration of Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells through the MAPK/TLR4 Pathway.

Atherosclerosis is a major cause of mortality worldwide. The initial change in atherosclerosis is intimal thickening due to muscle cell proliferation and migration. A correlation has been observed between periodontal disease and atherosclerosis.

Effect of Hot Water Bottles on Body Temperature during Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Dogs under General Anesthesia: A Retrospective Study.

Prevention of hypothermia induced by anesthesia and enhanced by low environmental temperatures is difficult in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations in dogs as forced warming devices, including magnetic materials, are not acceptable for use in the MRI room. A hot water bottle (HWB) can be carried into an MRI examination room and can contribute to the prevention or attenuation of hypothermia. Here, we retrospectively investigated the effects of HWB on body temperature during MRI examinations in dogs under general anesthesia (GA).

Increased expression of angiopoietin-like protein 4 regulates matrix metalloproteinase-13 expression in Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharides-stimulated gingival fibroblasts and ligature-induced experimental periodontitis.

Background: Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) is produced in chronic or acute inflammation. Although ANGPTL4 increases in the periodontal ligament fibroblasts during hypoxia, the involvement and role of ANGPTL4 in periodontitis have not been elucidated.

Objective: In this study, we investigated whether ligature-induced experimental periodontitis and/or Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharides (Pg-LPS) would upregulate ANGPTL4 expression and whether ANGPTL4 would somehow involve in the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) which are key molecules in the process of periodontal tissue destruction.

Targeted in vivo mutagenesis of a sensor histidine kinase playing an essential role in ABA signaling of the moss Physcomitrium patens.

Land plants exhibit various adaptation responses to unfavorable water environments, such as drought and flooding. The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene play essential roles in plant adaptation to drought and flooding, respectively. It remains largely unknown how plants integrate environmental information for water availability.

Impacts of Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide on Orthodontic Tooth Movement-Induced Bone Remodeling.

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) exerts extra-pancreatic effects via the GIP receptor (GIPR). Herein, we investigated the effects of GIP on force-induced bone remodeling by orthodontic tooth movement using a closed-coil spring in GIPR-lacking mice (GIPRKO) and wild-type mice (WT). Orthodontic tooth movements were performed by attaching a 10-gf nickel titanium closed-coil spring between the maxillary incisors and the left first molar.

Salivary gland polymorphous adenocarcinoma: Clinicopathological features and gene alterations in 36 Japanese patients.

Background: Polymorphous adenocarcinoma is a common intraoral minor salivary gland carcinoma in Western countries but is extremely rare in Japan. The current study aimed to characterize the clinicopathological features and status of molecular alterations of polymorphous adenocarcinoma-associated genes, such as PRKD1/2/3, ARID1A, and DDX3X, in a large cohort of Japanese patients with polymorphous adenocarcinoma.

Methods: We examined the cases of 36 Japanese patients with salivary gland polymorphous adenocarcinoma and 26 cases involving histopathological mimics.

Nutritional Status Association With Sarcopenia in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis Assessed by Nutritional Risk Index.

Background: Malnutrition and sarcopenia are frequently observed in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). To elucidate whether malnutrition is associated with sarcopenia in those cases, the relationship of nutritional status with sarcopenia was investigated.

Methods: Nutritional status was assessed using a nutritional risk index (NRI) developed for patients undergoing MHD.

Genesis of "negative pressure" during hanging drop; the answer is positive pressure.

A drop of saline placed within the hub of an epidural needle is sucked in when the needle is advanced and penetrates through a polyurethane foam cube. This phenomenon might be explained by the release of compressed air inside of the needle into the air. The positive pressure inside of the needle may be generated by advancing of the needle.

Dural substitutes for spina bifida repair: past, present, and future.

Purpose: The use of materials to facilitate dural closure during spina bifida (SB) repair has been a highly studied aspect of the surgical procedure. The overall objective of this review is to present key findings pertaining to the success of the materials used in clinical and pre-clinical studies. Additionally, this review aims to aid fetal surgeons as they prepare for open or fetoscopic prenatal SB repairs.

Xanthine Oxidoreductase Inhibitor Use Associated With Reduced Risk of Sarcopenia and Severe Sarcopenia in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis.

Background: Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) inhibition reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and enhances adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis. We investigated the protective effects of XOR inhibitor treatment on sarcopenia, frequently observed in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD), in which increased ROS and ATP shortage are known to be involved.

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 296 HD patient (203 males, 93 females).

β-Aminoisobutyric acid, L-BAIBA, protects PC12 cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis via activation of the AMPK and PI3K/Akt pathway.

β-Aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA) is a myokine that is secreted from skeletal muscles by the exercise. Recently, increasing evidence has suggested the multifocal physiological activities of BAIBA. In this study, we investigated whether L-BAIBA has protective effects on rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells.

What Is Your Diagnosis?

In collaboration with the American College of Veterinary Radiology.

Noninvasive Thermographic Photographing as an Assessment of the State of Discomfort in a Dog Receiving Radiation Therapy.

In humans, radiation induces dilation of capillaries and inflammatory reactions to raise skin temperature. Thermography is used to detect abnormalities after radiation therapy (RT). However, in veterinary nursing, objective evaluation of the condition of dogs after RT using thermography has not been reported.

Sustainable Effects of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cell Transplantation on Diabetic Polyneuropathy in Streptozotocine-Induced Type 1 Diabetes Model Mice.

Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are suitable for use in regenerative medicine. Cryopreserved human DPSCs (hDPSCs) ameliorate diabetic polyneuropathy, and the effects of hDPSC transplantation are related to VEGF and NGF secretion. This study evaluated the long-term effects of a single transplantation of hDPSCs on diabetic polyneuropathy.

Establishment of a canine lens epithelial cell line.

Some immortalized lens epithelial cell lines have been established and are useful for molecular analysis. The establishment of additional cell lines must, however, enable a variety of examinations. The objective of this study was to establish a new canine lens epithelial cell line by isolating CLC-1 cells from the lens tissue of a dog with cataracts.

The Effects of Insulin on Immortalized Rat Schwann Cells, IFRS1.

Schwann cells play an important role in peripheral nerve function, and their dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy and other demyelinating diseases. The physiological functions of insulin in Schwann cells remain unclear and therefore define the aim of this study. By using immortalized adult Fischer rat Schwann cells (IFRS1), we investigated the mechanism of the stimulating effects of insulin on the cell proliferation and expression of myelin proteins (myelin protein zero (MPZ) and myelin basic protein (MBP).

Case Report: Non-episodic Angioedema With Eosinophilia in a Young Lactating Woman.

Angioedema with eosinophilia is classified into two types: episodic angioedema with eosinophilia (EAE), known as Gleich's syndrome, and non-episodic angioedema with eosinophilia (NEAE). We present the case of a young lactating woman with non-episodic angioedema. She had no history of parasitic or nonparasitic infections.

An α-synuclein decoy peptide prevents cytotoxic α-synuclein aggregation caused by fatty acid binding protein 3.

α-synuclein (αSyn) is a protein known to form intracellular aggregates during the manifestation of Parkinson's disease. Previously, it was shown that αSyn aggregation was strongly suppressed in the midbrain region of mice that did not possess the gene encoding the lipid transport protein fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3). An interaction between these two proteins was detected in vitro, suggesting that FABP3 may play a role in the aggregation and deposition of αSyn in neurons.

Difficulty in activities of daily living and falls in patients undergoing hemodialysis: A cross-sectional study with nondialysis controls.

Introduction: Impaired activities of daily living (ADL) and falls are important issues in hemodialysis patients. So far, information is limited regarding self-reported difficulty with ADL (ADL difficulty) in hemodialysis patients. Then, we compared the degree of ADL difficulty and the prevalence of fallers between hemodialysis patients and a nondialyzed control group.

Dysuria Associated with Non-Neoplastic Bone Hyperplasia of the Os Penis in a Pug Dog.

A three-year-old male Pug presented with a three-year history of urolithiasis and repeated urethral obstruction. Biochemical analysis, ultrasonography, and retrograde urethrocystography revealed probable portosystemic shunt and incomplete urethral obstruction due to uric acid ammonium calculi. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed portosystemic shunt and proliferation of the osseous tissue of the os penis, which was surgically removed.