Publications by authors named "Miwa Nakano"
Article Synopsis
- Atopic dermatitis significantly affects work productivity, prompting a study on nemolizumab's effectiveness for adults with moderate to severe cases not well-managed by topical treatments.
- The study consisted of two parts: a 12-week placebo-controlled trial (Part A) and a 52-week extension where all patients received nemolizumab (Part B).
- Results showed that patients receiving nemolizumab every 4 weeks experienced significant improvements in work productivity and activity impairment compared to the placebo group, with benefits maintained through week 64.
Background: Ras homolog gene family H (RhoH) is a membrane-bound adaptor protein involved in proximal T-cell receptor signaling. Therefore RhoH plays critical roles in the differentiation of T cells; however, the function of RhoH in the effecter phase of the T-cell response has not been fully characterized.
Objective: We sought to explore the role of RhoH in inflammatory immune responses and investigated the involvement of RhoH in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
The length and density of rumen papillae starts to increase during weaning and growth of ruminants. This significant development increases the intraruminal surface area and the efficiency of VFA (acetate, propionate, butyrate, etc.) uptake.
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- Nemolizumab, an anti-IL-31 receptor monoclonal antibody, showed improvements in itch, skin condition, and sleep for adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in a prior 12-week study.
- The long-term study assessed efficacy and safety over 52 weeks, with patients continuing their nemolizumab dosage and measuring improvements in itch and dermatitis scores.
- Results indicated significant and sustained improvements in symptoms throughout the 64 weeks, with a high rate of patients experiencing adverse events but no new safety issues emerging.
The unfolded protein response (UPR) describes a process involved in the homeostasis of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the differentiation of secretory cells. At present, the roles of UPR in the mammary gland tissue of dairy cattle are unknown. In the current study, we investigated the expression of UPR-related genes in Holstein cows during the developmental and lactating stages of the mammary gland tissue.
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- The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of bitopertin, a drug that enhances glycine levels to potentially help with schizophrenia's negative symptoms, comparing Japanese and non-Japanese patients.
- Participants were given daily doses of bitopertin or a placebo for 8 weeks while being treated with other antipsychotics, and results were measured using a specific scale for negative symptoms (PANSS NSFS).
- The findings revealed that bitopertin was similarly effective for both Japanese and non-Japanese patients at lower doses, with no significant difference in safety or efficacy, although Japanese patients had a slightly lower response to placebo.
This study aimed to identify the genes associated with the development of the rumen epithelium by screening for candidate genes by digital differential display (DDD) in silico. Using DDD in NCBI's UniGene database, expressed sequence tag (EST)-based gene expression profiles were analyzed in rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum and other tissues in cattle. One hundred and ten candidate genes with high expression in the rumen were derived from a library of all tissues.
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- Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) causes enzootic bovine leukosis, the most prevalent cancer in cattle, and is widely spread globally through infected cattle contact.
- A study collected matched blood, nasal, and saliva samples from 50 cattle to detect the presence of the BLV provirus, using a sensitive testing method known as BLV-CoCoMo-qPCR-2.
- The results revealed that BLV was found in 35 blood, 14 nasal, and 6 saliva samples, indicating that even though blood had a higher viral load, nasal secretions and saliva can still pose a risk for transmitting the virus if infected and healthy cattle have prolonged contact.
Forest-grazing enables the intake of high total antioxidant capacity (TAC) plants that might be beneficial for the TAC status of cattle. This study evaluated the relation between the seasonal foraging patterns of forest-grazing Japanese Black (JB) heifers or the TAC levels in shrubs and trees and the changes of plasma TAC. We examined 12 JB heifers, four each of which were allocated to forest-grazing (F), pasture-grazing, and pen-housed groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe nutritional status of cows grazing on a 120-ha public alpine forestland pasture dominated by the dwarf bamboo Sasa senanensis located in central Japan was evaluated over the course of 2 years. Data were collected during grazing seasons in three periods: early (June), mid- (August) and late (late September-early October) periods. During these periods, the number of experimental Japanese Black cows varied between three and six.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBlood total antioxidant capacity (TAC) has become a key bio-marker for animal health. Forest-grazing cattle are known to forage various native plants that have high TAC. This study evaluated differences of plasma TAC between forest-grazing (FG) and pasture-grazing cattle (PG).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo evaluate the nutriture of Japanese black cattle with growth retardation, a metabolic profile test was carried out in 8 cattle with growth retardation and in 10 cattle with normal growth. During our observation for 1 month before blood sampling, the cattle with growth retardation ingested their forage completely. They showed lower low-density lipoprotein and albumin concentrations, and higher urea nitrogen, actoacetic acid and beta-hydroxybutyric acid concentrations than the control.
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- A new strategy was developed for synthesizing cyclopentanoids through a transition metal-catalyzed coupling reaction involving cis 4-cyclopentene-1,3-diol monoacetate and various hard nucleophiles.
- Initial experiments led to mixed results, but using a specific borate with nickel catalysts significantly improved product yields and ratios when certain additives were introduced.
- The resulting coupling products were used to efficiently synthesize prostaglandin intermediates, confirming the method's general applicability and effectiveness in regioselectivity.
2-Substituted furans 1a,b,c were found to be conveniently transformed into trans 4-oxo-2-enals 2a,b,c in 62-87% yields by using NBS/pyridine in THF-acetone-H(2)O (<-15 degrees C then rt) or NBS/NaHCO(3) in acetone-H(2)O (<-15 degrees C then rt after addition of pyridine). Further oxidation of the enals 2a-c using NaClO(2) led to the trans 4-oxo-2-enoic acids 3a-c in good yields. With this transformation in mind, we designed syntheses of (+)-aspicilin, (+)-patulolide, and (-)-pyrenophorin.
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