Learning Outcomes of Nursing Students' Experience With Cadaveric Dissection: A Scoping Review.

Introduction: Cadaver dissection in anatomy, a cornerstone of medical school education, has been replaced by digital technologies. This study aimed to determine the learning outcomes nursing students could achieve through cadaveric dissection practice (CDP).

Methods: This scoping review was carried out using the checklist outlined in the Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews through August 2023.

Integration of anatomy and physiology into nursing practice as perceived by undergraduate students and registered nurses: a scoping review.

Objective: The current study aimed to determine perceptions of registered and student nurses regarding the integration of anatomy and physiology into nursing practice.

Methods: This scoping review was conducted following the checklist provided in the Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for scoping reviews. Articles published in PubMed, ERIC, and CINAL from January 1, 2002 to September 30, 2022 were included.

Differential cortical laminar structure revealed by NeuN immunostaining and myeloarchitecture between sulcal and gyral regions independent of sexual dimorphisms in the ferret cerebrum.

The purpose of this study was to quantitatively clarify differences in laminar structure and myeloarchitecture of sulcal and gyral regions of the cerebral cortex of ferrets. Histological sections of cerebrum from male and female ferrets at postnatal day 90 were made at the coronal plane, and were immunostained with anti-NeuN or anti-myelin basic protein (MBP). Thickness was estimated in the entire depth or three strata, that is, layer I, outer (layers II-III) and inner (layers IV-VI) strata of the neocortex in representative five sulcal and seven gyral regions.

Regional hypoplasia of somatosensory cortex in growth-retarded mice (grt/grt).

Growth-retarded mouse (grt/grt) is a spontaneous mutant that is known as an animal model for primary congenital hypothyroidism caused by resistance to TSH signaling. The regional pattern of cerebral cortical hypoplasia was characterized in grt/grt mice. Ex vivo computed tomography (CT)-based volumetry was examined in four regions of the cerebral cortex, i.

Male prevalent enhancement of leftward asymmetric development of the cerebellar cortex in ferrets (Mustela putorius).

The present study was conducted in MRI-based volumetry to characterize the sexual dimorphism of the cerebellum in young adult ferrets. High spatial resolution 3D anatomical MRI at 7-tesla were acquired ex vivo from fixed cerebella of 90-day-old male and female ferrets. The 3D morphology and topology of cerebellar structures were reproduced well by volume-rendered images obtained from MRI.

Sexual dimorphism of sulcal morphology of the ferret cerebrum revealed by MRI-based sulcal surface morphometry.

The present study quantitatively assessed sexual dimorphism of cortical convolution and sulcal morphology in young adult ferrets by MRI-based sulcal surface morphometry. Ex vivo T1-weighted (short TR/TE) MRI of the ferret cerebrum was acquired with high spatial resolution at 7-tesla. The degree of cortical convolution, evaluated quantitatively based on 3D MRI data by sulcation index (SI), was significantly greater in males (0.

Cerebral cortical hypoplasia with abnormal morphology of pyramidal neuron in growth-retarded mouse (grt/grt).

The purpose of this study was to quantitatively characterize structural abnormalities of the cerebrum in a growth-retarded mouse (grt/grt) with a tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase 2 gene defect. Three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) images were obtained from fixed brains of male homogenous grt/grt (n=5) and heterozygous grt/+ (n=5) mice at 15 weeks of age, and volumes of representative cerebral regions were calculated on the basis of those images. Following CT measurements, cryosections of the brain were made, and immunohistochemistry for NeuN and SMI-32 was carried out.

Enhanced heat shock protein 25 immunoreactivity in cranial nerve motoneurons and their related fiber tracts in rats prenatally-exposed to X-irradiation.

Alterations in histoarchitecture of the brainstem were examined immunohistochemically in 4-week-old rats with a single whole body X-irradiation at a dose of 0.5, 1.0, or 1.

Dose-related cerebellar abnormality in rats with prenatal exposure to X-irradiation by magnetic resonance imaging volumetric analysis.

Cerebellar abnormalities in 4-week-old rats with a single whole body X-irradiation at a dose of 0.5, 1.0, or 1.

MRI-based morphometric characterizations of sexual dimorphism of the cerebrum of ferrets (Mustela putorius).

The present study aimed to characterize cerebral morphology in young adult ferrets and its sexual dimorphism using high-field MRI and MRI-based morphometry. Ex vivo short TR/TE (typical T1-weighted parameter setting for conventional MRI) and T2W (long TR/TE) MRI with high spatial resolution at 7-tesla could visualize major subcortical and archicortical structures, i.e.

The proximal C-terminus of α(1C) subunits is necessary for junctional membrane targeting of cardiac L-type calcium channels.

In cardiac myocytes, LTCCs (L-type calcium channels) form a functional signalling complex with ryanodine receptors at the JM (junctional membrane). Although the specific localization of LTCCs to the JM is critical for excitation-contraction coupling, their targeting mechanism is unclear. Transient transfection of GFP (green fluorescent protein)-α(1S) or GFP-α(1C), but not P/Q-type calcium channel α(1A), in dysgenic (α(1S)-null) GLT myotubes results in correct targeting of these LTCCs to the JMs and restoration of action-potential-induced Ca2+ transients.

Two mechanistically distinct effects of dihydropyridine nifedipine on CaV1.2 L-type Ca²⁺ channels revealed by Timothy syndrome mutation.

Dihydropyridine Ca(2+) channel antagonists (DHPs) block Ca(V)1.2 L-type Ca(2+) channels (LTCCs) by stabilizing their voltage-dependent inactivation (VDI); however, it is still not clear how DHPs allosterically interact with the kinetically distinct (fast and slow) VDI. Thus, we analyzed the effect of a prototypical DHP, nifedipine on LTCCs with or without the Timothy syndrome mutation that resides in the I-II linker (L(I)-(II)) of Ca(V)1.

Chronic receptor-mediated activation of Gi/o proteins alters basal t-tubular and sarcolemmal L-type Ca²⁺ channel activity through phosphatases in heart failure.

L-type Ca(2+) channels (LTCCs) play an essential role in the excitation-contraction coupling of ventricular myocytes. We previously found that t-tubular (TT) LTCC current density was halved by the activation of protein phosphatase (PP)1 and/or PP2A, whereas surface sarcolemmal (SS) LTCC current density was increased by the inhibition of PP1 and/or PP2A activity in failing ventricular myocytes of mice chronically treated with isoproterenol (ISO mice). In the present study, we examined the possible involvement of inhibitory heterotrimeric G proteins (G(i/o)) in these abnormalities by chronically administrating pertussis toxin (PTX) to ISO mice (ISO + PTX mice).

Diacylglycerol kinase ζ inhibits ventricular tachyarrhythmias in a mouse model of heart failure.

Background: Diacylglycerol kinase ζ (DGKζ) inhibited atrial tachyarrhythmias in a mouse model of heart failure (HF) in our study. However, whether DGKζ prevents the HF-induced ventricular tachyarrhythmia (VT) is unknown.

Methods And Results: Effects of DGKζ on VT using transgenic mice with transient cardiac expression of activated G protein α(q) (Gα(q)-TG; model of HF) were elucidated and double transgenic mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of both DGKζ and the activated Gα(q) (Gα(q)/DGKζ-TG) were used.

Decrease in the density of t-tubular L-type Ca2+ channel currents in failing ventricular myocytes.

In some forms of cardiac hypertrophy and failure, the gain of Ca(2+)-induced Ca(2+) release [CICR; i.e., the amount of Ca(2+) released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum normalized to Ca(2+) influx through L-type Ca(2+) channels (LTCCs)] decreases despite the normal whole cell LTCC current density, ryanodine receptor number, and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) content.

Nicorandil ameliorates impulse conduction disturbances during ischemia in isolated arterially perfused canine atria.

Background: Nicorandil has protective effects on the ischemic atrial myocardium. However, effects of nicorandil on ischemia-induced impulse conduction disturbances are still uncertain.

Methods: Optical action potentials were recorded from 256 sites of the left atrium in isolated arterially perfused canine atria during the left atrial ischemia.