Comparison of taurine and pantoyltaurine as antioxidants in vitro and in the central nervous system of diabetic rats.

This study has comparatively evaluated the antiradical and antilipid peroxidizing actions of taurine (TAU) and its N-pantoyl analog pantoyltaurine (PTAU) in vitro, and has determined the extent to which these findings agree with the in vivo ability of these compounds to prevent changes in plasma glucose and in indices of oxidative stress in the plasma, brain and spinal cord induced by the diabetogen streptozotocin (STZ) in Sprague-Dawley rats. Using free radical-generating and oxidizing systems, PTAU was found more effective than TAU in scavenging DPPH, hydroxyl, peroxyl, and superoxide anion radicals and peroxynitrite, and in preventing lipid peroxidation of a brain homogenate by iron (III)-dopamine and the oxidation of dopamine by iron (III). On the other hand, when administered intraperitoneally (i.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in setting of postobstructive diuresis and persistent hypocalcemia.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinicoradiographic entity of heterogenous etiologies, which are grouped together because of similar findings on neuroimaging studies, associated with similar symptom complex of headache, vision loss, altered mentation, and seizures. In this report, we describe a case of PRES in setting of postobstructive diuresis in a 5-year-old male child, whose solitary functioning kidney was obstructed by a 1.6-cm radio-opaque stone, who after percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) diversion developed persistent hypocalcemia which persisted despite maximum replacement by iv calcium gluconate drip, and the child developed repeated generalized tonic clonic convulsions and became unconscious for 4 days.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis-mimicking renal mass in 5-month-old child.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a rare, chronic inflammatory lesion of the kidney associated with chronic infection and obstruction. It is uncommon in children and extremely rare in infants. Because of its rarity, the condition is often not considered in the differential diagnosis of a renal mass in children.

Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the chest wall in childhood: clinico-pathological significance, management and literature review.

Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the chest wall is a rare malignant tumor usually occurring in children. The tumor shares a similar histology, immunohistology and cytogenetics to Ewing's sarcoma. The location of the tumor in the chest wall poses a major challenge with respect to the diagnostic workup and treatment which involves multidisciplinary management.

Decision-making in surgical neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis.

Aim: To know whether laboratory or clinical parameters can predict disease progression, need for laparotomy in patients managed with peritoneal drain and mortality in surgical neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis patients.

Materials And Methods: The study was retrospectively carried out on 27 neonates over a period of one and a half year. All neonates who had surgical neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis in the form of bowel perforation, positive paracentesis, abdominal wall erythema and abdominal lump were included.

Does all small bowel intussusception need exploration?

Small bowel intussusception (SBI) in infants and children are ususally associated with a lead point. With increased use of radiological investigations, more idiopathic SBIs are identified. As reduction by hydrostatic or air enema are less successful in these cases, most of them require surgical exploration in children.