Spine Surgery in a Geriatric Population. Is it Really Different?

Objectives: Spinal degenerative disorders are a major cause of morbidity in the elderly resulting in high dependency. Most of them have a trend to be managed conservatively considering age, comorbidities, and apprehensions of surgical complications. Surgical intervention at early stage with appropriate indications can have better outcomes rather than conservative management in fit patients.

An Efficient Segmentation and Classification System in Medical Images Using Intuitionist Possibilistic Fuzzy C-Mean Clustering and Fuzzy SVM Algorithm.

The herpesvirus, polyomavirus, papillomavirus, and retrovirus families are associated with breast cancer. More effort is needed to assess the role of these viruses in the detection and diagnosis of breast cancer cases in women. The aim of this paper is to propose an efficient segmentation and classification system in the Mammography Image Analysis Society (MIAS) images of medical images.

The Use of Ensemble Models for Multiple Class and Binary Class Classification for Improving Intrusion Detection Systems.

The pursuit to spot abnormal behaviors in and out of a network system is what led to a system known as intrusion detection systems for soft computing besides many researchers have applied machine learning around this area. Obviously, a single classifier alone in the classifications seems impossible to control network intruders. This limitation is what led us to perform dimensionality reduction by means of correlation-based feature selection approach (CFS approach) in addition to a refined ensemble model.

Analyzing the Effectiveness and Contribution of Each Axis of Tri-Axial Accelerometer Sensor for Accurate Activity Recognition.

Recognizing human physical activities from streaming smartphone sensor readings is essential for the successful realization of a smart environment. Physical activity recognition is one of the active research topics to provide users the adaptive services using smart devices. Existing physical activity recognition methods lack in providing fast and accurate recognition of activities.

Effect of sodium pyrophosphate and understanding microstructure of aqueous LAPONITE dispersion using dissolution study.

In this work, we investigate the physical origin of ergodicity breaking in an aqueous colloidal dispersion of synthetic hectorite clay, LAPONITE, by performing dissolution and rheological experiments with monovalent salt and tetrasodium pyrophosphate solution. We also study the effect of pH and nature of interface, nitrogen and paraffin oil on the same. Dissolution experiments carried out for dispersions with both the interfaces show similar results.

Effect of individualized feedback on learning curves in EGD and colonoscopy: a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Gastroenterology fellowships need to ensure that trainees achieve competence in upper endoscopy (EGD) and colonoscopy. Because the impact of structured feedback remains unknown in endoscopy training, this study compared the effect of structured feedback with standard feedback on trainee learning curves for EGD and colonoscopy.

Methods: In this multicenter, cluster, randomized controlled trial, trainees received either individualized quarterly learning curves or feedback standard to their fellowship.

A Prospective Multicenter Study Evaluating Endoscopy Competence Among Gastroenterology Trainees in the Era of the Next Accreditation System.

Purpose: The Next Accreditation System requires training programs to demonstrate competence among trainees. Within gastroenterology (GI), there are limited data describing learning curves and structured assessment of competence in esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and colonoscopy. In this study, the authors aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of a centralized feedback system to assess endoscopy learning curves among GI trainees in EGD and colonoscopy.

Deep Learning Localizes and Identifies Polyps in Real Time With 96% Accuracy in Screening Colonoscopy.

Background & Aims: The benefit of colonoscopy for colorectal cancer prevention depends on the adenoma detection rate (ADR). The ADR should reflect the adenoma prevalence rate, which is estimated to be higher than 50% in the screening-age population. However, the ADR by colonoscopists varies from 7% to 53%.

Sevoflurane and thiopental preconditioning attenuates the migration and activity of MMP-2 in U87MG glioma cells.

Background: Tumor cell migration and diffuse infiltration into brain parenchyma are known causes of recurrence after treatment in glioblastoma (GBM), mediated in part by the interaction of glioma cells with the extracellular matrix, followed by degradation of matrix by tumor cell derived proteases, particularly the matrix metalloproteinases (MMP). Sevoflurane and thiopental are anesthetics commonly used in cancer surgery. However, their effect on the progression of glioma cells remains unclear.

Management of catecholamine-induced stunned myocardium--a case report.

Hypertensive, hypervolumic, and hemodilution therapy (triple-H therapy) is administered to patients with symptomatic cerebral vasospasm after intracranial aneurysm clipping. This therapy can sometimes result in cardiac dysfunction because of pharmacologically induced hyperadrenergic state. The diagnosis may be missed if blood pressure alone is monitored to guide triple-H therapy.

Audit of the Functioning of the Elective Neurosurgical Operation Theater in India: A Prospective Study and Review of Literature.

Background: Knowledge about the utilization of the operation theater (OT) is essential to improve its efficiency. This study evaluated the neurosurgical operation theater utilization in a neurosciences teaching hospital.

Methods: Data collected included OT start time, delay in start, anesthesia induction time, surgical preparation time, anesthesia recovery time, operating time, time between cases, and theater closing time.

A comparative study of dexmedetomidine and propofol as sole sedative agents for patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage undergoing diagnostic cerebral angiography.

Purpose: Subarachnoid hemorrhage is an acute neurological emergency requiring urgent confirmation of the diagnosis for planning definitive management. Due to altered consciousness, most patients require sedation for conducting this procedure smoothly. Currently, it is unclear if any one particular sedative drug has a favorable profile in patients undergoing cerebral angiography.

A three-dimensional comparison of torque achieved with a preadjusted edgewise appliance using a Roth or MBT prescription.

Objective: To investigate if there are any significant differences in the final inclination of the upper and lower anterior teeth of patients treated with a Roth or an MBT bracket prescription.

Materials And Methods: Forty sets of posttreatment study models from patients treated using a preadjusted edgewise appliance (20 Roth and 20 MBT) were selected using predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The models were masked and laser-scanned, and the final crown inclinations of UL1, UR3, and LR1 were assessed from the digital images.

Impacted maxillary canines--a perennial problem.

Unlabelled: Ectopic eruption with impaction of maxillary permanent canine teeth is a frequently encountered clinical problem. Surgical exposure and attachment of a gold chain to impacted maxillary canines is often required in order to bring them into the dental arch and to allow good alignment. The principle of radiographic parallax is employed to determine whether the impacted canine is placed buccal or palatal to adjacent teeth.

First Case of Small Bowel Sarcomatoid Carcinoma Found by Video Capsule Endoscopy.

Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the small bowel is extremely rare. We report the first case of sarcomatoid carcinoma identified by video capsule endoscopy in a patient referred for obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Computed tomography and small bowel follow through failed to identify the tumor.

Incomplete capsule endoscopy examinations after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Background: Video capsule endoscopy is an important tool for minimally invasive evaluation of the small bowel. Optimization of this imaging modality has focused on minimizing the rate of incomplete studies through appropriate patient selection. Recent data have shown an increased incidence of incomplete examinations in those with surgically altered gastrointestinal anatomy.

Improved diagnostic yield with severity of bleeding.

Objective: Video capsule endoscopy (VCE) is an important tool for non-invasive imaging of the small bowel. Whether there is a dose-related effect of anemia severity on the diagnostic yield of VCE is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of anemia severity on VCE outcome measures.

Maxillary labial fraenectomy: indications and technique.

Unlabelled: A labial fraenectomy is indicated in various clinical situations and is performed to facilitate orthodontic closure of a maxillary midline diastema. In these clinical situations, timing of surgery during the phase of orthodontic treatment is important. Labial fraenectomy can be performed before, during or after the orthodontic closure of the maxillary midline diastema, depending on the individual case.

Golimumab and certolizumab: the two new anti-tumor necrosis factor kids on the block.

Anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agents have revolutionized treatment of psoriasis and many other inflammatory diseases of autoimmune origin. They have considerable advantages over the existing immunomodulators. Anti-TNF agents are designed to target a very specific component of the immune-mediated inflammatory cascades.