Anesthetic effect of a combination of medetomidine-midazolam-butorphanol in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis).

The anesthetic effect of a combination of medetomidine, midazolam and butorphanol (Me-Mi-Bu) was evaluated in healthy cynomolgus monkeys. The Me-Mi-Bu combination was intramuscularly administered as follows: Dose 1, Me 0.015 mg/kg-Mi 0.

Effects of transport stress on serum alkaline phosphatase activity in beagle dogs.

Here, to determine the effects of transport stress on blood parameters in dogs, we investigated the changes in hematologic and serum chemical parameters in healthy beagle dogs transported from Beijing, China, to Osaka, Japan, to obtain the background data. Only the activity of serum alkaline phosphatase increased clearly upon arrival, a change attributed to transport stress, but the activity gradually reduced afterward. No marked changes in levels of other blood parameters were noted.

Characterization of a novel thrombotic middle cerebral artery occlusion model in monkeys that exhibits progressive hypoperfusion and robust cortical infarction.

In an attempt to establish a thrombotic middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion model using cynomolgus monkeys, we measured the blood flow in the main MCA tract and cerebral cortex, brain damage, and neurological deficits, and compared them with those of mechanical MCA occlusion model. Thrombotic occlusion was induced photochemically by green light application on the MCA following rose bengal treatment; mechanical occlusion was induced by MCA clipping for 3h. Patency of the main MCA tract showed two patterns in the thrombotic model: permanent occlusion or cyclical flow reduction (CFR).

Pharmacokinetic animal PET study of FK506 as a potent neuroprotective agent.

Unlabelled: The immunosuppressive agent FK506 (tacrolimus) has neuroprotective properties not only in rodents but also in nonhuman primates. To improve the accuracy of clinical studies of acute stroke, clinical dose setting based on brain concentrations of agents in humans is very helpful. We have already established a rapid-synthesis method for (11)C-labeled FK506; therefore, in the present study, we aimed to establish a method to measure brain concentrations of FK506 using (11)C-FK506 PET in monkeys.

18F-labelled annexin V: a PET tracer for apoptosis imaging.

Annexin V can be used to detect apoptotic cells in vitro and in vivo, based on its ability to identify extracellular phosphatidylserine, which arises during apoptosis. In the present study, we examined the synthesis of fluorine-18 labelled annexin V as a positron emission tomography tracer for apoptosis imaging. The distribution of [18F]annexin V and technetium-99m labelled annexin V, a well-characterised SPET tracer for apoptosis imaging, was compared.

A PET study after treatment with an anxiety-provoking agent, m-chlorophenyl-piperazine, in conscious rhesus monkeys.

Unlabelled: Several PET studies have been performed on conscious nonhuman primates to examine brain function. However, it is unclear how anxiety or stress during PET measurements influences brain function. In the present study, we examined the effects of a well-known anxiety-provoking agent, m-chlorophenyl-piperazine (mCPP), on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and the regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (rCMRglc) using PET on conscious rhesus monkeys.

A PET study following treatment with a pharmacological stressor, FG7142, in conscious rhesus monkeys.

FG7142 is a benzodiazepine partial inverse agonist, which is known as a pharmacological stressor. Several reports demonstrated that FG7142 produced anxiety in humans, non-human primates, and rodents, and impaired working memory in non-human primates and rodents. In this study, we examined the effect of FG7142 on cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolism using positron emission tomography (PET) in conscious rhesus monkeys.

Measurement of brain concentration of FK960 for development of a novel antidementia drug: a PET study in conscious rhesus monkeys.

Unlabelled: This study used PET to measure the time course of the brain concentration of (18)F-labeled N-(4-acetyl-1-piperazinyl)-p-fluorobenzamide monohydrate (FK960), a novel antidementia drug, after oral administration to conscious rhesus monkeys.

Methods: Three young-adult male rhesus monkeys were tested. FK960 (0.

Time courses of progress to the chronic stage of middle cerebral artery occlusion models in rats.

Several kinds of middle cerebral artery occlusion model in rats have been developed. Variable ischemic inductions are attributed to the different contributing factors in ischemic damage formation. In the present study, we examined the differences in ischemic induction attributed to chronic stage.