Material Separation from Polyester/Cotton Blended Fabrics Using Hydrothermal Treatment.

The production of textile products is increasing annually, and most of them are disposed of after use without recycling. One of the reasons for the low recycling percentage of discarded textile products is the difficulty of recycling as a single material as these products are produced from a combination of two or more materials. Therefore, a technology to separate materials is necessary to improve the recycling percentage of textile products and to build a sustainable recycling industry.

Fast and selective production of quercetin and saccharides from rutin using microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatment in the presence of graphene oxide.

Rutin is a flavonoid glycoside, well-known for its antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, and cardioprotective properties. However, it exhibits lower bio absorptivity and bioactivity than its aglycon form, quercetin. Although liquid acid catalysts are conventionally utilized to obtain quercetin via rutin hydrolysis, the neutralization procedure is a major disadvantage owing to the added cost.

The O'Leary-Sant Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index is a clinically useful indicator of treatment outcome in patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome with Hunner lesions: A post hoc analysis of the Japanese phase III trial of KRP-116D, 50% dimethyl sulfoxide solution.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of intravesical KRP-116D, 50% dimethyl sulfoxide solution, in interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome patients with Hunner lesions (Hunner-type interstitial cystitis), and to evaluate the correlations between efficacy variables and global response assessment to determine what constitutes a minimal clinically important change.

Methods: We performed a post hoc analysis of the Japanese phase III trial of KRP-116D. Changes at Week 12 from baseline in objective and subjective outcomes were compared between the KRP-116D and placebo groups in Hunner-type interstitial cystitis or non-Hunner-type interstitial cystitis patients.

Biogasoline production from linoleic acid via catalytic cracking over nickel and copper-doped ZSM-5 catalysts.

Catalytic cracking of vegetable oil mainly processed over zeolites, and among all the zeolites particularly HZMS-5 has been investigated on wide range for renewable and clean gasoline production from various plant oils. Despite the fact that HZSM-5 offers a higher conversion degree and boost aromatics yield, the isomerate yield reduces due to high cracking activity and shape selectivity of HZSM-5. Hence, to overcome these problems, in this study the transition metals, such as nickel and copper doped over HZSM-5 were tested for its efficiencies to improve the isoparaffin compounds.

Carbocatalysed hydrolytic cleaving of the glycosidic bond in fucoidan under microwave irradiation.

Biomass valorization involves breaking down naturally occurring long chain polysaccharides into their constituent monomers. The polysaccharide chain consists of monomers adjoined C (carbon)-O (oxygen) glycosidic linkages that are typically cleaved hydrolytic scission. In this study, we aimed to recover fucose from the polysaccharide fucoidan, which can be extracted from seaweed biomass.

Production of gasoline range hydrocarbons from catalytic cracking of linoleic acid over various acidic zeolite catalysts.

Employment of edible oils as alternative green fuel for vehicles had raised debates on the sustainability of food supply especially in the third-world countries. The non-edible oil obtained from the abundantly available rubber seeds could mitigate this issue and at the same time reduce the environmental impact. Therefore, this paper investigates the catalytic cracking reaction of a model compound named linoleic acid that is enormously present in the rubber seed oil.

Sustainable green pretreatment approach to biomass-to-energy conversion using natural hydro-low-transition-temperature mixtures.

Natural hydro-low-transition-temperature mixtures (NH-LTTMs) tend to be the most favorable next-generation green solvents for biomass pretreatment, as they are cheap and environmental friendly. The amount of water bound into the NH-LTTMs greatly affected their thermal stability, whereby the highest thermal stability was observed with the water content of 7.6 wt%.

Thermogravimetric analysis and kinetic modeling of low-transition-temperature mixtures pretreated oil palm empty fruit bunch for possible maximum yield of pyrolysis oil.

The impacts of low-transition-temperature mixtures (LTTMs) pretreatment on thermal decomposition and kinetics of empty fruit bunch (EFB) were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. EFB was pretreated with the LTTMs under different duration of pretreatment which enabled various degrees of alteration to their structure. The TG-DTG curves showed that LTTMs pretreatment on EFB shifted the temperature and rate of decomposition to higher values.

Choline chloride (ChCl) and monosodium glutamate (MSG)-based green solvents from optimized cactus malic acid for biomass delignification.

This work aimed to develop an efficient microwave-hydrothermal (MH) extraction of malic acid from abundant natural cactus as hydrogen bond donor (HBD) whereby the concentration was optimized using response surface methodology. The ideal process conditions were found to be at a solvent-to-feed ratio of 0.008, 120°C and 20min with 1.

Solid Electrolyte Gas Sensor Based on a Proton-Conducting Graphene Oxide Membrane.

Graphene oxide (GO) is an ultrathin carbon nanosheet with various oxygen-containing functional groups. The utilization of GO has attracted tremendous attention in a number of areas, such as electronics, optics, optoelectronics, catalysis, and bioengineering. Here, we report the development of GO-based solid electrolyte gas sensors that can continuously detect combustible gases at low concentrations.

Characterization of natural low transition temperature mixtures (LTTMs): Green solvents for biomass delignification.

The aim of this work was to characterize the natural low transition temperature mixtures (LTTMs) as promising green solvents for biomass pretreatment with the critical characteristics of cheap, biodegradable and renewable, which overcome the limitations of ionic liquids (ILs). The LTTMs were derived from inexpensive commercially available hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and l-malic acid as the hydrogen bond donor (HBD) in distinct molar ratios of starting materials and water. The peaks involved in the H-bonding shifted and became broader for the OH groups.

Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of fucoxanthin from Undaria pinnatifida.

Undaria pinnatifida, commonly known as wakame in Japan, is one species of brown seaweeds containing valuable bioactive organic compounds such as fucoxanthin, a carotenoid, which has numerous functional properties. However, most of the seaweeds that do not meet strict quality standards are normally discarded as wastes or returned to the sea, a situation which is becoming an environmental concern. In this research, supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO₂) extraction was investigated for the isolation of fucoxanthin.

Uncatalysed wet oxidation of D-glucose with hydrogen peroxide and its combination with hydrothermal electrolysis.

An increasing interest in biomass as a renewable feedstock for the chemical industry has risen over the last decades, and glucose, the monomer unit of cellulose, has been widely studied as a source material to produce value-added products such as carboxylic acids, mainly gluconic and formic. In this work, the non-catalysed wet oxidation of glucose using hydrogen peroxide has been analysed, obtaining molar yields to gluconic and formic acids up to 15% and 64%, respectively. Glucose conversion was generally between 40 and 50%, reaching over 80% under the highest temperature (200°C).

Structural requirements of strigolactones for germination induction of Striga gesnerioides seeds.

Strigolactones are highly potent germination stimulants for seeds of the parasitic weeds Striga and Orobanche spp. 4-Hydroxy-GR24 and 4-acetoxy-GR24 were prepared and their abilities to induce seed germination of Striga gesnerioides evaluated. Optically active (8bR,2'R)-isomers induced germination, although the racemic diastereomers were inactive.

Identification of 3-aminomethyl-1,2-dihydro-4-phenyl-1-isoquinolones: a new class of potent, selective, and orally active non-peptide dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors that form a unique interaction with Lys554.

The design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships of a new class of potent and orally active non-peptide dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4) inhibitors, 3-aminomethyl-1,2-dihydro-4-phenyl-1-isoquinolones, are described. We hypothesized that the 4-phenyl group of the isoquinolone occupies the S1 pocket of the enzyme, the 3-aminomethyl group forms an electrostatic interaction with the S2 pocket, and the introduction of a hydrogen bond donor onto the 6- or 7-substituent provides interaction with the hydrophilic region of the enzyme. Based on this hypothesis, intensive research focused on developing new non-peptide DPP-4 inhibitors has been carried out.

Degradation of glycerol using hydrothermal process.

Sub-critical or supercritical water was utilized for the degradation of glycerol in an environmentally benign reaction. The reaction was carried out in a batch reactor in the temperature range of 473-673 K, pressure of 30 MPa, and reaction time of 20-60 min. The effects of temperature and reaction time were observed.

Complete degradation of Orange G by electrolysis in sub-critical water.

Complete degradation of azo dye Orange G was studied using a 500 mL continuous flow reactor made of SUS 316 stainless steel. In this system, a titanium reactor wall acted as a cathode and a titanium plate-type electrode was used as an anode in a subcritical reaction medium. This hydrothermal electrolysis process provides an environmentally friendly route that does not use any organic solvents or catalysts to remove organic pollutants from wastewater.

Nickel removal from nickel-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphine using supercritical water in absence of catalyst: a basic study.

Reactions of nickel-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphine (Ni-TPP) were studied in supercritical water in the presence of toluene without the addition of any catalyst, H(2) or H(2)S that is called a green process. The objective of this study was to remove nickel from Ni-TPP, the most common metal compound present in heavy crude, in high extent at low reaction time. All experiments were carried out in an 8.

Polyphenolic contents and antioxidant activities of Lawsonia inermis leaf extracts obtained by microwave-assisted hydrothermal method.

Extracts obtained by microwave-assisted hydrothermal extraction of Lawsonia inermis leaves were evaluated for the presence of polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activities. Extraction experiments were performed in temperature-controlled mode at a range of 100 to 200 degrees C, and extraction time of 5 to 30 min, and microwave-controlled mode at a power from 300-700 W, in irradiation time of 30 to 120 s. Polyphenolic contents were measured using Folin-Ciocalteau method, while antioxidant properties were analyzed using DPPH radical scavenging activities (RSA) expressed in BHA equivalents.

Concise synthesis of an antifeedant sesquiterpene against Locusta migratoria.

A concise synthesis of (1S*,3R*,6R*)-1-hydroxy-7(14),10-bisaboladien-4-one, an antifeedant against the locust Locusta migratoria isolated from the Japanese cedar Cryptomeria japonica, was achieved by starting from 4-hydroxy-2-cyclohexenone.

First synthesis of (+/-)-basidifferquinone C, an inducer for fruiting-body formation in Polyporus arcularius.

Basidifferquinones, isolated from Streptomyces sp., are potent inducers of fruiting-body formation in the basidiomycete, Polyporus arcularius. The first synthesis of (+/-)-basidifferquinone C was accomplished by starting from 3,5-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid.

Chemical compositions and antioxidant properties of essential oils from nine species of Turkish plants obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and steam distillation.

Chemical compositions and antioxidant activities of essential oils from nine different species of Turkish plants, namely Melissa officinalis L., Rosmarinus officinalis L., Cuminum cyminum L.

The inhibitory action of kohamaic acid A derivatives on mammalian DNA polymerase beta.

We previously isolated a novel natural product, designated kohamaic acid A (KA-A, compound 1), as an inhibitor of the first cleavage of fertilized sea urchin eggs, and found that this compound could selectively inhibit the activities of mammalian DNA polymerases (pols). In this paper, we investigated the structure and bioactivity of KA-A and its chemically synthesized 11 derivatives (i.e.