Lower Dose of 5 mL of 1% Lidocaine is More Suitable than the Conventional 10 mL for Caudal Block in Transrectal Prostate Biopsy: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: In Japan, caudal block with 1% lidocaine is commonly used for transrectal prostate biopsy. Although 10 mL of 1% lidocaine is commonly used, the appropriate dosage of 1% lidocaine has not been studied. Our hospital routinely uses two different doses (5 or 10 mL) of 1% lidocaine for caudal block for transrectal prostate biopsy.

[Primary Ureteral Small Cell Carcinoma with Multiple Recurrences and Metastases in the Early Postoperative Period : A Case Report].

A 79-year-old woman who presented with right hydronephrosis was referred to our hospital. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed a right ureteral tumor (cT3N0M0). Right nephroureterectomy and partial cystectomy were performed.

[A Case of Pericardial Effusion Induced by Nivolumab for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma].

A 72-year-old female with left renal cell carcinoma and lymphadenopathy had undergone hand-assisted laparoscopic left nephrectomy and dissection of the lymph node (papillary renal cell carcinoma, type 2, pT3a pN2 M1). She had been treated with adjuvant chemotherapy with sunitinib, temsirolimus and pazopanib. However, the patient was started on nivolumab due to disease progression.

[Development of Ectopic Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Syndrome in a Patient with Prostate Cancer during Combined Androgen Blockade Therapy].

A 74-year old man presented to us with difficulty urinating. The laboratory examinations revealed an elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level. A prostate biopsy revealed prostate adenocarcinoma.

[Recurrence of Well Differentiated Intrascrotal Liposarcoma in Retroperitoneum Five Years after Resection : A Case Report].

A 68-year-old man underwent an inguinal orchiectomy for a right testicular tumor and the pathological diagnosis was atypical lipomatous tumor. Nine years later, a resection procedure was performed for local recurrence. Five years after that second surgery, abdominal computed tomography (CT) findings revealed a low density mass 40 mm in size on the back side of the right kidney and enlarged fat in the retroperitoneal space.

Clinical Usefulness of Bakri Balloon Tamponade in the Treatment of Massive Postpartum Uterine Hemorrhage.

Intrauterine globe-shaped metreurynter tamponade has been used for some time to treat massive postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). More recently, the Bakri balloon has come into use to treat PPH. It is made of silicon, possesses a drainage lumen, and has a sausage-like spindle shape.

Can pelvic lymphadenectomy be omitted in stage IA2 to IIB uterine cervical cancer?

Objectives: The aims of this study were to predict pelvic lymph node metastasis in uterine cervical cancer before surgery and to evaluate the potential efficacy of omitting pelvic lymphadenectomy.

Materials And Methods: A total of 163 patients with invasive uterine cervical cancer in FIGO stage IA2 to IIB, all of whom underwent primary radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy, participated in this study.

Results: The incidences of pelvic lymph node metastasis in stage IA2, stage IB1, stage IB2, stage IIA, and stage IIB cervical cancer were 0% (0/12), 17% (13/76), 22% (6/27), 33% (8/24), and 63% (15/24), respectively.

Large parasitic myomas in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue along a previous myomectomy scar.

The incidence of iatrogenic parasitic uterine myomas associated with the use of a laparoscopic morcellator has been increasing over the past decade. Recently, we encountered a very rare case with a large parasitic myoma measuring 12 cm in diameter in the abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue along an abdominal longitudinal surgical scar. The patient had twice undergone abdominal myomectomy for multiple fundal myomas.

Clinical outcome of stage Ia1 squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix and pathological findings of initial conization.

Aim: The present study investigated the clinical outcome of stage Ia1 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the uterine cervix at a single institute.

Materials And Methods: Subjects were 84 patients with cervical SCC, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage Ia1 diagnosed according to conization findings between January 2000 and June 2009. Correlations between clinical outcome and pathological findings on initial conization were investigated.

Pleomorphic type of malignant fibrous histiocytoma with myxoid stroma of the vulva in a young woman.

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of the vulva is extremely rare; to date, there have been nine case reports. Almost all of these cases involved middle-aged women. We encountered a 21-year-old woman with a 4.

Successful management of uterine arteriovenous malformation by ligation of feeding artery after unsuccessful uterine artery embolization.

Uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a rare and potentially life-threatening disease. The present report describes a postmenopausal patient with uterine AVM manifesting recurrent, massive genital bleeding. Uterine artery embolization (UAE) was scheduled before hysterectomy, but UAE was unsuccessful due to the dilated, tortuous internal iliac arteries, and extremely rapid arterial blood flow.

Inguinal hernia containing functioning, rudimentary uterine horn and endometriosis.

Background: Inguinal hernia containing uterus and endometriosis is exceedingly rare. Most inguinal endometriosis is located at an extrapelvic site near the round ligament. We report a case of a patient with inguinal hernia containing rudimentary uterine horn and endometriosis.

Super-selective arterial embolization for uncontrolled bleeding in abdominal pregnancy.

Background: Abdominal pregnancy with massive bleeding is life-threatening. Thus, multimodal treatment approaches are necessary.

Case: A 36-year-old woman with abdominal pregnancy at 14 weeks of gestation presented with abdominal pain due to intraabdominal bleeding.

Clinical outcome of metastatic uterine leiomyosarcoma and carcinosarcoma in a single institute.

Aim: To investigate the clinical outcome of uterine sarcomas, particularly in patients with pulmonary and abdominal metastasis, treated at a single institute.

Methods: We identified five patients with uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS), one patient with endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS), and three patients with carcinosarcoma (CS) between 2003 and 2006.

Results: All patients underwent at least hysterectomy and bilateral adnectomy.

Aggressive angiomyxoma of the vulva with a sole t(5;8)(p15;q22) chromosome change.

Aggressive angiomyxoma of the vulva is uncommon and the pathogenesis remains unclear. Recently, a few cytogenetic studies demonstrated chromosomal abnormalities in aggressive angiomyxoma of the vulva. A 45-year-old Japanese woman complaining of right-side vulva tumor measuring 3 cm in diameter was referred to our hospital.

Isolated adenomyotic cyst associated with severe dysmenorrhea.

A case of a 23-year-old, nulliparous female with a very rare isolated adenomyotic cyst inducing severe dysmenorrhea was seen. Transvaginal ultrasonographic tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a 3 x 3-cm cystic mass within the left anterior wall of the uterine corpus. The cystic space was filled with hyperintense fluid on T1-weighted images, which was surrounded by hypointense tissue beside the right uterine corpus on T2-weighted images.

Giant ovarian cancer weighing 100 kg with poor prognosis.

We encountered a patient with giant ovarian cancer with a tumor weight of 100 kg. The patient's girth measured 198 cm after approximately 4 years' duration, and she complained of dyspnea and inability to walk. Adnectomy was performed with intensive intraoperative monitoring.

Torsion of the normal ovary and oviduct in a pre-pubertal girl.

We encountered a 10-year-old prepubertal girl with a normal ovary and oviduct torsion. Hemorrhagic infarction of the ovary and oviduct occurred, and these structures were laparoscopically removed. Torsion of the normal ovary and oviduct in a prepubertal girl is discussed.

Severe leg compartment syndrome associated with dorsal lithotomy position during radical hysterectomy.

We encountered a female patient with left-leg compartment syndrome; a devastating complication, probably associated with prolonged dorsal lithotomy position during radical hysterectomy using intermittent pneumatic compression. This patient was intensively treated and fortunately recovered. However, leg compartment syndrome is poorly understood by gynecologists.

Precedence of the shift of body-fat distribution over the change in body composition after menopause.

Aim: This study investigated the sequence of certain phenomena after menopause: decrease in bone mineral density (BMD), change in body composition (lean and fat components), and the shift toward upper body fat distribution.

Methods: Subjects were 188 postmenopausal women aged 50-65 years old. They were divided into four subgroups based on 4-year increments in age.

Preoperative plasma osteopontin level as a biomarker complementary to carbohydrate antigen 125 in predicting ovarian cancer.

Aim: New biomarkers other than carbohydrate antigen (CA) 125 are needed for the detection of ovarian cancer. Osteopontin (OPN) is one of the candidates identified by high-throughput complementary DNA microarray techniques. We evaluated the preoperative plasma OPN level as a diagnostic biomarker for ovarian cancer in comparison with CA125.

Difference in the relative contribution of lean and fat mass components to bone mineral density with generation.

Aim: To investigate whether the relative contribution of body composition (lean and fat mass component) to bone mineral density (BMD) differs depending on generation or menopause.

Methods: Subjects were 302 premenopausal women aged 30-49 years old and 197 postmenopausal women aged 50-69 years old. They were classified into four subgroups with 10-year increments.

Mutational analysis of TP53 and p21 in familial and sporadic ovarian cancer in Japan.

Objective: To investigate whether somatic mutations in cell cycle checkpoint genes, TP53 and p21, are involved in the development of ovarian cancer with or without BRCA1 germline mutation.

Methods: We analyzed somatic genetic alterations of TP53 and p21 in 46 ovarian cancer patients with BRCA1 germline mutations and 93 sporadic patients, using direct sequencing for the entire coding sequences in TP53 and p21.

Results: TP53 somatic mutations were detected in 25 of the 46 BRCA1 cases and 40 of the 93 sporadic cases (54.

Uterine lipoleiomyoma: a histopathological review of 17 cases.

Lipoleiomyoma is a rare uterine tumor. The exact frequency and proliferation activity are not yet known. This study aims to know the frequency and evaluate the relation with renal angiomyolipoma.