Diagnostic value of an algorithm for autoimmune epilepsy in a retrospective cohort.

Purpose: This study aims to propose a diagnostic algorithm for autoimmune epilepsy in a retrospective cohort and investigate its clinical utility.

Methods: We reviewed 60 patients with focal epilepsy with a suspected autoimmune etiology according to board-certified neurologists and epileptologists. To assess the involvement of the autoimmune etiology, we used the patients' sera or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples to screen for antineuronal antibodies using rat brain immunohistochemistry.

Immunological abnormalities in patients with early-onset ataxia with ocular motor apraxia and hypoalbuminemia.

Early-onset ataxia with ocular motor apraxia and hypoalbuminemia (EAOH) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutation in the aprataxin (APTX)-coding gene APTX, which is involved in DNA single-strand break repair (SSBR). The neurological abnormalities associated with EAOH are similar to those observed in patients with ataxia-telangiectasia. However, the immunological abnormalities in patients with EAOH have not been described.

A score to map the lateral nonprimary motor area: Multispectrum intrinsic brain activity versus cortical stimulation.

Objective: Multispectrum electrocorticographic components are critical for mapping the nonprimary motor area (NPMA). The objective of this study was to derive and validate a reliable scoring system for electrocorticography-based NPMA mapping (NPMA score) to replace electrical cortical stimulation (ECS) during brain surgery.

Methods: We analyzed 14 consecutive epilepsy patients with subdural electrodes implanted in the frontal lobe at Kyoto University Hospital.

[Proposal of a diagnostic algorithm for autoimmune epilepsy: preliminary investigation of its utility].

The epilepsy syndrome of autoimmune etiology, namely, autoimmune epilepsy has attracted attention in recent years, as was reflected in the new etiology of "immunity" in the Epilepsy Classification of the International League Against Epilepsy (2017). However, no specific tests other than neuronal antibodies have been established. We proposed a diagnostic algorithm for autoimmune epilepsy and preliminarily investigated its clinical utility.

[Autoimmune and Epilepsy].

The recent discovery of autoimmune antibodies to the neuronal cell surface membrane and extra- or intra-cellular proteins, such as NMDAR and LGI1, shed light on a proposed new etiology of epilepsy, namely, "autoimmune epilepsy". A large part of this entity most likely belongs to a forme fruste of autoimmune (limbic) encephalitis. Seizures are usually subacute in onset and refractory to antiepileptic medications.

Influences of fatty acid moiety and esterification of polyglycerol fatty acid esters on the crystallization of palm mid fraction in oil-in-water emulsion.

We examined the crystallization of palm mid fraction (PMF) in oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion, after adding polyglycerol fatty acid esters (PGFEs). We employed ultrasonic velocity measurements and DSC techniques, with special emphases on the influences of fatty acid moiety and esterification of PGFE. Twelve types of PGFEs were examined as additives.