Who should receive single-fraction palliative radiotherapy for gastric cancer bleeding?: An exploratory analysis of a multicenter prospective observational study (JROSG 17-3).

Purpose: Although the Palliative Prognostic Index (PPI) has been used to predict survival in various cancers, to our knowledge, no study has examined its applicability in gastric cancer. This study aimed to determine the baseline PPI cutoff value for recommending single-fraction radiotherapy in patients with bleeding gastric cancer.

Materials And Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the Japanese Radiation Oncology Study Group (JROSG) 17-3, a multicenter prospective study of palliative radiotherapy for bleeding gastric cancer.

Relationship between changes in quality of life and genitourinary toxicity grade after brachytherapy with I-125 alone for localised prostate cancer.

Background: The relationship between the grading of toxicities based on toxicity criteria and longitudinal changes in quality of life (QOL) scores after permanent prostate brachytherapy (PPB) for localized prostate cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate these relationships.

Materials And Methods: We assessed 107 patients treated with PPB using Iodine-125 alone from May 2007 to April 2010.

[A Case of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Erythrocytosis].

Hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with a relatively high rate of paraneoplastic syndrome, but the frequency of erythrocytosis is low. We report a case of hepatocellular carcinoma with preoperative erythrocytosis and hypererythropoietinemia. The case is a 50-year-old man who has been cured by interferon treatment for hepatitis C 20 years ago(SVR).

The NBDC-DDBJ imputation server facilitates the use of controlled access reference panel datasets in Japan.

Accurate genotype imputation requires large-scale reference panel datasets. When conducting genotype imputation on the Japanese population, researchers can use such datasets under collaborative studies or controlled access conditions in public databases. We developed the NBDC-DDBJ imputation server, which securely provides users with a web user interface to execute genotype imputation on the server.

TogoVar: A comprehensive Japanese genetic variation database.

TogoVar ( https://togovar.org ) is a database that integrates allele frequencies derived from Japanese populations and provides annotations for variant interpretation. First, a scheme to reanalyze individual-level genome sequence data deposited in the Japanese Genotype-phenotype Archive (JGA), a controlled-access database, was established to make allele frequencies publicly available.

Hemostatic Effect of Palliative Radiation Therapy in Preventing Blood Transfusions from Bleeding Occurring within Advanced Gastric Cancer.

Purpose: To report the hemostatic effects of palliative radiation therapy (RT) for the prevention of blood transfusions (BT) in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC).

Methods And Materials: Twenty-eight patients who received palliative three-dimensional conformal RT for hemostasis of gastric bleeding were retrospectively assessed in a study conducted in Japan. The median follow-up was 143.

Temporal Profiles of Symptom Scores After Palliative Radiotherapy for Bleeding Gastric Cancer With Adjustment for the Palliative Prognostic Index: An Exploratory Analysis of a Multicentre Prospective Observational Study (JROSG 17-3).

Aims: Although palliative radiotherapy for gastric cancer may improve some symptoms, it may also have a negative impact due to its toxicity. We investigated whether symptoms improved after radiotherapy with adjustment for the Palliative Prognostic Index (PPI) considering that patients with limited survival tend to experience deterioration of symptoms.

Materials And Methods: This study was an exploratory analysis of the Japanese Radiation Oncology Study Group study (JROSG 17-3).

Treatment response after palliative radiotherapy for bleeding gastric cancer: a multicenter prospective observational study (JROSG 17-3).

Background: Palliative radiotherapy seems to be rarely performed for incurable gastric cancer. In this first multicenter study, we examined the effectiveness of palliative radiotherapy and investigated whether biologically effective dose (BED) is associated with survival, response, or re-bleeding.

Methods: Eligibility criteria included blood transfusion or hemoglobin levels < 8.

A simple, fast, and orientation-controllable technology for preparing antibody-modified liposomes.

Modification with antibodies is a useful strategy for the delivery of nanoparticles to target cells. However, the complexity of the required chemical modifications makes them time-consuming and low efficiency, and the orientation of the antibody is challenging to control. To develop a simple, fast, effective, and orientation-controllable technology, we employed staphylococcal protein A, which can bind to the Fc region of antibodies, as a tool for conjugating antibodies to nanoparticles.

Impact of Physical Inactivity on the Risk of Disability and Hospitalization in Older Patients with Advanced Lung Cancer.

Purpose: This prospective observational study aimed to explore the influence of physical inactivity during initial chemotherapy on the risk of disability and hospitalization in later life among older patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Patients And Methods: Patients aged 70 or above who were scheduled to receive first-line chemotherapy for newly diagnosed advanced NSCLC were recruited for the study. An electronic pedometer was used to measure daily steps; based on the change rate (cutoff: -12.

Free flap reconstruction of Achilles tendon and overlying skin defect using ALT and TFL fabricated chimeric flap.

A 33-year-old man developed a left Achilles tendon rupture and skin necrosis. We reconstructed the defect using an anterolateral thigh flap and a tensor fasciae lata muscle flap in a chimeric fashion. he was able to stand on a toe of the operated foot without help 6 months postoperatively.

[A Case of Curative Resection of Advanced Rectal Cancer with Multiple Liver Metastases and Cancerous Ascites after Preoperative Chemotherapy].

The patient was a 59-year-old man who was hospitalized with diarrhea and general malaise. Massive ascites and systemic edema were observed upon initial physical examination. Blood test findings showed anemia, hepatic dysfunction, and increased tumor marker levels.

Ultrasound evaluation of fetal critical aortic stenosis using the left atrium area/cardiac area ratio and the Doppler patterns in the pulmonary veins.

In fetal critical aortic stenosis (AS), a double reverse pattern in the pulmonary veins (PVs) is associated with a poor prognosis. We evaluated the hemodynamic changes using PV Doppler and the left atrium area/cardiac area (LA/CA) ratio in a fetus at 28 weeks of gestation with critical AS complicated with hydrops fetalis, polyhydramnios, and cardiac abnormality. A markedly enlarged LA and severe mitral regurgitation with critical AS were detected, with LA/CA ratio = 0.

The 5-year outcomes of moderately hypofractionated radiotherapy (66 Gy in 22 fractions, 3 fractions per week) for localized prostate cancer: a retrospective study.

Background: Hypofractionated radiotherapy using fewer and larger fractional doses may be more beneficial than conventional external-beam radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer. We evaluated the 5-year outcomes of moderately hypofractionated radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 195 patients with localized prostate cancer (T1-3N0M0) who underwent intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) (66 Gy delivered in fractions of 3 Gy every other weekday) between May 2005 and December 2011.

[Two Cases of Curative Resection of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer after Preoperative Chemotherapy].

Reports of conversion in cases of locally advanced colorectal cancer have been increasing. Here, we present 2 cases in which curative resection of locally advanced rectal cancer accompanied by intestinal obstruction was achieved after establishing a stoma and administering chemotherapy. The first case was of a 46-year-old male patient diagnosed with upper rectal cancer and intestinal obstruction.

Prospective Trial of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Both Operable and Inoperable T1N0M0 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Japan Clinical Oncology Group Study JCOG0403.

Purpose: To evaluate, in Japan Clinical Oncology Group study 0403, the safety and efficacy of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in patients with T1N0M0 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods And Materials: Eligibility criteria included histologically or cytologically proven NSCLC, clinical T1N0M0. Prescribed dose was 48 Gy at the isocenter in 4 fractions.

Analysis of six novel flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 () gene variants found in a Japanese population suffering from trimethylaminuria.

Polymorphic human flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) is associated with the inherited disorder trimethylaminuria. Several FMO3 variants have been observed in a variety of ethnic groups, including a Japanese cohort suffering from trimethylaminuria. The aim of this study was to screen another self-reported Japanese trimethylaminuria cohort for novel FMO3 variants and to investigate these new variants.

OP0595, a new diazabicyclooctane: mode of action as a serine β-lactamase inhibitor, antibiotic and β-lactam 'enhancer'.

Objectives: The production of a growing diversity of β-lactamases by Gram-negative bacteria challenges antimicrobial chemotherapy. OP0595, discovered separately by each of Meiji Seika Pharma and Fedora Pharmaceuticals, is a new diazabicyclooctane serine β-lactamase inhibitor that also acts as an antibiotic and as a β-lactamase-independent β-lactam 'enhancer'.

Methods: Inhibitory activity against serine β-lactamases and affinity for PBPs were determined using nitrocefin and Bocillin FL, respectively.

[Effect of tolvaptan on ascites due to malignancy].

Ascites accompanying a malignancy is often refractory to conventional treatment with saline diuretics, making it difficult to control. We administered a new diuretic, Tolvaptan, to 10 individuals with malignancy and heart failure accompanied by ascites, which was refractory to saline diuretics, and assessed its efficacy and adverse events. We observed a significant reduction in abdominal distension following 2 weeks of Tolvaptan administration.

Correlation between the changes in the EPIC QOL scores and the dose-volume histogram parameters in high-dose-rate brachytherapy combined with hypofractionated external beam radiation therapy for prostate cancer.

Objective: To evaluate the correlations between the changes in the quality-of-life scores and the dose-volume histogram parameters in patients receiving high-dose-rate brachytherapy combined with hypofractionated external beam radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer.

Methods: Among the patients who were treated with high-dose-rate brachytherapy (18 Gy in two fractions) combined with hypofractionated external beam radiation therapy (45 Gy in 15 fractions), the data of 118 consecutive patients followed up for >24 months were prospectively analyzed. The disease-specific quality of life was assessed using the expanded prostate cancer index composite, and the acute genitourinary toxicities were graded based on the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Toxicity criteria.

Effective capture of proteins inside living cells by antibodies indirectly linked to a novel cell-penetrating polymer-modified protein A derivative.

Antibodies against cytoplasmic proteins are useful tools that can control cellular function and clarify signaling mechanisms. However, it is difficult to capture proteins inside living cells, and thus appropriate methods for antibody delivery to the cytoplasm of living cells are required. Cell-penetrating materials, such as the TAT-peptide, have received attention for their ability to deliver various cargos into living cells.

Phase III placebo-controlled double-blind randomized trial of radiotherapy for stage IIB-IVA cervical cancer with or without immunomodulator Z-100: a JGOG study.

Background: Based on the result of our previous study showing better overall survival (OS) at the lower dose (0.2 µg) of immunomodulator Z-100 than higher dose (40 µg) in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer who received radiotherapy, we conducted a placebo-controlled double-blind randomized trial.

Patients And Methods: Patients of stages IIB-IVA squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix were randomly assigned to receive Z-100 at 0.