Early Serum Markers for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Induced Hypophysitis in Melanoma Patients.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown promising anti-tumor activities and are widely used for the treatment of advanced cancers. However, they may lead to immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and some of them, such as hypophysitis, can be life-threatening. Here, early diagnosis is critical.

Coloring complex shapes decreases patient anxiety in three care environments: a pilot study with color analysis.

Introduction: This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of coloring activity of circular symmetrical shape with complex patterns, so-called mandala, on anxiety associated with chronic illness in three different ambulatory medical situations (general consultation, psychiatric day hospital, and hemodialysis session).

Methods: Thirty patients were included in three groups and came from three different ambulatory medical situations: a hemodialysis group ( = 10), a psychiatric day hospital group ( = 10), and a nephrology consultation group ( = 10). We asked the patients to fill STAI-S and STAI-T questionnaires before to color complex circular shape with complex patterns, then to fill the STAI-S questionnaire again and a questionnaire on the experience of the activity.

Waste Material Classification: A Short-Wave Infrared Discrete-Light-Source Approach Based on Light-Emitting Diodes.

Waste material classification is a challenging yet important task in waste management. The realization of low-cost waste classification systems and methods is critical to meet the ever-increasing demand for efficient waste management and recycling. In this paper, we demonstrate a simple, compact and low-cost classification system based on optical reflectance measurements in the short-wave infrared for the segregation of waste materials such as plastics, paper, glass, and aluminium.

Colloidal Quantum Dots for Explosive Detection: Trends and Perspectives.

Sensitive, accurate, and reliable detection of explosives has become one of the major needs for international security and environmental protection. Colloidal quantum dots, because of their unique chemical, optical, and electrical properties, as well as easy synthesis route and functionalization, have demonstrated high potential to meet the requirements for the development of suitable sensors, boosting the research in the field of explosive detection. Here, we critically review the most relevant research works, highlighting three different mechanisms for explosive detection based on colloidal quantum dots, namely photoluminescence, electrochemical, and chemoresistive sensing.

Scattering of a radially polarized Bessel beam by a PEMC sphere: photonic nanojet and bottle beam formation.

The scattering of a radially polarized ( ) Bessel vortex and nonvortex beam by a perfect electromagnetic conductor (PEMC) sphere is studied based on the generalized Lorenz-Mie theory. The electric and magnetic fields of the incident arbitrary-shaped polarized beams are constructed using vector spherical wave functions (VSWFs) and beam shape coefficients. The analytical expression of the scattered field is expanded using VSWFs and scattering coefficients, which are derived by considering PEMC boundary conditions.

Material classification based on a SWIR discrete spectroscopy approach.

A crucial yet difficult task for waste management is the identification of raw materials like plastic, glass, aluminum, and paper. Most previous studies use the diffused reflection spectroscopy for classification purposes. Despite the benefits in terms of speed and simplicity offered by modern compact spectrometers, their cost and the need for an external, wide-spectrum source of illumination create complications.

Histomorphometric evaluation, SEM, and synchrotron analysis of the biological response of biodegradable and ceramic hydroxyapatite-based grafts: from the synthesis to the bed application.

This study aimed to analyze the physicochemical and histological properties of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate composites produced at different temperatures with and without sintering and implanted in rabbit tibiae. Hydroxyapatite-alginate (HA) microspheres (425-600 µm) produced at 90 and 5 °C without (HA90 and HA5) or with sintering at 1000 °C (HA90S and HA5S) were characterized and applied to evaluate thedegradation; also were implanted in bone defects on rabbit's tibiae (= 12). The animals were randomly divided into five groups (blood clot, HA90S, HA5S, HA90, and HA5) and euthanized after 7 and 28 d.

Curved photonic nanojet generated by a rotating cylinder.

The curved photonic nanojet (CPNJ) produced due to the interaction between a dielectric circular cylinder rotating at a stable angular velocity and a plane wave is investigated. Based on this model, the optical Magnus effect of a dielectric circular cylinder is verified. And the analytical expression of both internal and external electric field are given based on the instantaneous rest-frame theory and the partial-wave series expansion method in cylindrical coordinates.

Optical radiation force on a dielectric sphere by a polarized Airy beam.

The optical radiation force acting on a homogeneous and lossless dielectric spherical particle by a polarized Airy beam is analyzed in terms of the generalized Lorenz-Mie theory. The transverse and longitudinal radiation force components are theoretically evaluated and numerically simulated, emphasizing the transverse scale , attenuation parameter , and polarization of the incident Airy beam versus the size parameter of the sphere. These results reveal that a polarized Airy beam can trap the dielectric sphere in its main caustic or sidelobes of the beam by the optical transverse force and be guided along the parabolic trajectory of the longitudinal optical force.

Pathological implications of metabolic reprogramming and its therapeutic potential in medulloblastoma.

Tumor-specific alterations in metabolism have been recognized to sustain the production of ATP and macromolecules needed for cell growth, division and survival in many cancer types. However, metabolic heterogeneity poses a challenge for the establishment of effective anticancer therapies that exploit metabolic vulnerabilities. Medulloblastoma (MB) is one of the most heterogeneous malignant pediatric brain tumors, divided into four molecular subgroups (Wingless, Sonic Hedgehog, Group 3 and Group 4).

Persistent Facial Blanching after Botulinum Toxin Injection.

We report the case of a 38-year-old male patient who presented with blanching of the face after strenuous exercise or physical exertion. The symptoms regressed in a relaxed state. Three years before presentation, he underwent botulinum toxin injections in the affected areas of the face.

Optical gas sensor based on the combination of a QD photoluminescent probe and a QD photodetector.

We report on a sensor architecture for detection of hazardous gases. The proposed device is based on the integration of a solid-state quantum dot (QD) photoluminescent probe with a QD photodetector on the same substrate. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated by developing a compact optical sensor for trace detection of explosives in air.

S100ß protein for non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage diagnosis.

Introduction: The S100ß protein (PS100ß) is a biomarker, which has demonstrated its importance in diagnoses ruling out intracranial hemorrhages in people with light head traumas This study aims to evaluate if the PS100ß presents an interest in the diagnostic strategy for subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAH).

Methods: Prospective non-randomized multicentric study in three hospitals from October 2018 to January 2020. Every patient who came into the emergency department for an intense non-traumatic headache lasting less than 3 h received an PS100ß assay and a non-injected head computed tomography (CT) scan.

Optical Magnus radiation force and torque on a dielectric layered cylinder with a spinning absorptive dielectric core.

A dielectric cylindrical shell material with an inner stationary absorptive core (or, equivalently, a concentric layered cylinder) illuminated by an axisymmetric wave field (in 2D) with arbitrary polarization will experience a time-averaged radiation force along the direction of wave propagation, whereas the transverse component vanishes as required by symmetry. Counterintuitively, the present analysis shows that when the inner absorptive core material rotates with an initial angular velocity around its main geometrical axis, a transverse radiation force component arises (in addition to a longitudinal force) as well as an axial radiation torque component in plane waves. This phenomenon is the analog of the classical hydrodynamic Magnus effect.

Optical Magnus effect in the photophoresis of a spinning absorptive dielectric circular cylinder.

When a stationary absorptive dielectric cylinder suspended in a gas (such as air) is illuminated by an axisymmetric wave field (such as plane waves), the transverse (T) photophoretic asymmetry factor (PAF) vanishes as required by geometrical symmetry [Appl. Opt.60, 7937 (2021) APOPAI0003-693510.

A Case of Extensive Grover's Disease in a Patient with a History of Multiple Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers.

We report on a 69-year-old man who presented with itching and erythematous papules on his torso and extremities, which were resistant to topical therapy with antibiotics and steroids. Physical examination revealed multiple erythematous papules on his back, neckline, and lower extremities. The lesions had appeared 4 years earlier and usually worsened with heat or extensive sweating.

Longitudinal and transverse PAFs for an absorptive magneto-dielectric circular cylinder in light-sheets of arbitrary wavefronts and polarization.

Based upon the expression of the heat source function in photophoresis, generalized mathematical expressions for the longitudinal (L) and transverse (T) photophoretic asymmetry factors (PAFs) for a light-absorptive magneto-dielectric circular cylinder of arbitrary relative permittivity and permeability, illuminated by an arbitrarily shaped polarized light-sheet, are derived and computed. The L- and T-PAFs are directly proportional to the L and T components of the photophoretic force vector, respectively, induced by light absorption inside the particle, and their sign predicts the behavior of the force (pulling/attractive or pushing/repulsive). The partial-wave series expansion method in cylindrical coordinates is used, and the obtained mathematical expressions for the L- and T-PAFs depend on the beam-shape coefficients and the internal coefficients of the cylinder.

Unconventional circularly polarized Airy light-sheet spinner tweezers.

Standard circularly polarized Airy light-sheets are synthesized by combining two dephased TE and TM wave fields, polarized in the transverse directions of wave propagation, respectively. Somewhat counterintuitively, the present analysis theoretically demonstrates the existence of unconventional circularly polarized Airy light-sheets, where one of the individual dephased wave fields is polarized along the direction of wave propagation. The vector angular spectrum decomposition method in conjunction with the Lorenz gauge condition and Maxwell's equations allow adequate determination of the Cartesian components of the incident radiated electric field components.

Longitudinal and transverse optical scattering asymmetry parameters for a dielectric cylinder in light-sheets of arbitrary wavefronts and polarization.

The asymmetry parameter is an important quantity used in radiative transfer modeling and scattering. This parameter specifies the amount of energy scattered by the particle along the direction of the incident illuminating field. However, a rigorous and complete analysis of the energetic scattering requires determining the energy scattered in the lateral direction as well.

Cutaneous manifestations in Moyamoya angiopathy: A review.

Background And Purpose: Moyamoya angiopathy (MA) is a progressive cerebrovascular disease with a poorly understood pathophysiology. It is mainly characterized by progressive bilateral stenosis of the terminal intracranial part of the supraclinoid internal carotid arteries and the proximal parts of the middle and anterior cerebral arteries. This results in early-onset ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes.