Simultaneous analysis of collinear neutron time-of-flight (nToF) traces applied to pulsed fusion experiment.

On pulsed fusion experiments, the neutron time of flight (nToF) diagnostic provides critical information on the fusion neutron energy spectrum. This work presents an analysis technique that uses two collinear nToF detectors, potentially to measure nuclear bang time and directional flow velocities. Two collinear detectors may be sufficient to disambiguate the contributions of nuclear bang time and directional flow velocities to the first moment of the neutron energy spectrum, providing an independent measurement of nuclear bang time.

Time-of-flight vs time-of-arrival in neutron spectroscopic measurements for high energy density plasmas.

The neutron time-of-flight (nToF) diagnostic technique has a lengthy history in Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) and High Energy Density (HED) Science experiments. Its initial utility resulted from the simple relationship between the full width half maximum of the fusion peak signal in a distant detector and the burn averaged conditions of an ideal plasma producing the flux [Lehner and Pohl, Z. Phys.

Sustained Neutron Production from a Sheared-Flow Stabilized Z Pinch.

The sheared-flow stabilized Z pinch has demonstrated long-lived plasmas with fusion-relevant parameters. We present the first experimental results demonstrating sustained, quasi-steady-state neutron production from the fusion Z-pinch experiment, operated with a mixture of 20% deuterium/80% hydrogen by pressure. Neutron emissions lasting approximately 5  μs are reproducibly observed with pinch currents of approximately 200 kA during an approximately 16  μs period of plasma quiescence.

Excogitating Bion's Cogitations: further implications for technique.

The author takes up a number of Bion's musings posthumously published as Cogitations (1992) and attempts to demonstrate the clinical usefulness of Bion's thoughts. She offers some new models and some points of technique that might be derived from following the trail of these selected fragments of Bion's thinking. Several detailed clinical examples are offered for clarification and illustration.

Trying to enter the long black branches: some technical extensions of the work of Frances Tustin for the analysis of autistic states in adults.

The author suggests a number of technical extensions/clinical applications of Frances Tustin's work with autistic children, which are applicable to the psychoanalysis of neurotic, borderline and psychotic adults. These are especially relevant to those individuals in whom early uncontained happenings (Bion) have been silently encapsulated through the use of secretive autosensual maneuvers related to autistic objects and shapes. Although such encapsulations may constitute obstacles to emotional and intellectual development, are consequential in both the relational and vocational spheres for many analysands and present unending challenges for their analysts, the author demonstrates ways in which it may be possible to detect and to modify these in a transference-centered analysis.

Quantitative control of adaptive cardiac hypertrophy by acetyltransferase p300.

Background: Acetyltransferase p300 is essential for cardiac development and is thought to be involved in cardiac myocyte growth through MEF2- and GATA4-dependent transcription. However, the importance of p300 in the modulation of cardiac growth in vivo is unknown.

Methods And Results: Pressure overload induced by transverse aortic coarctation, postnatal physiological growth, and human heart failure were associated with large increases in p300.

Bodily centered protections in adolescence: an extension of the work of Frances Tustin.

In this paper, the author discusses the recurrence of infantile, proto-mental functioning in adolescence mainly in the context of the work of Frances Tustin. She demonstrates, through clinical example, how the tendency to resort to bodily centered and sensation-dominated protections is reactivated on a grand scale when the internal and external physical and psychological changes, brought on in puberty, are felt to be potentially overwhelming. She also demonstrates how, when the capacity for adequate mental and emotional development is stultified, sensation and action once again come to the rescue as the adolescent's way of attenuating anxieties unconsciously experienced as resonating with those unmentalized happenings of early infancy and how the psychoanalytic relationship may be pivotal in setting previously derailed mental and emotional growth back on track.

Some technical implications of Klein's concept of 'premature ego development'.

In this paper, the author revisits the problem of 'premature ego development' first introduced by Melanie Klein in 1930. She also highlights several developments in post-Kleinian thinking since the publication of that paper, which can be seen as offshoots of or complements to Klein's work. The author proposes a link between this category of precocious development and the absence of the experience of what Bion termed the 'containing object.

'Taking the transference': some technical implications in three papers by Bion.

In this clinical paper, the author presents a coherent model for conceptualising the process of establishing a 'containing object' in the mind of the analysand throughout the course of analysis. The technical implications offered in this model derive mainly from concepts and notions put forward in three papers by Wilfred Bion and explicated by the present author: 'A theory of thinking' (1962/1988), in which Bion emphasises what he calls 'realistic projective identification', which functions as an unconscious form of communication to and calls for understanding on the part of the analyst that is aimed towards the development of thoughts and an apparatus with which to think thought; 'Notes on memory and desire' (1967/1988), in which he sets forth some 'rules' for the analytic work that is centred on the 'here and now' of the evolving therapeutic interaction; and his paper on 'Evidence' (1976/1987), wherein he focuses on the 'fact' of the individual analyst's emotional experience. The author also demonstrates, through the presentation of four detailed vignettes, some of the ways in which the analytic process may fail or succeed, highlighting the import of the analyst's capacity for 'reverie', 'transformation', and 'publication'--all aspects of the containing function.

Effectiveness of HVAC duct cleaning procedures in improving indoor air quality.

Indoor air quality has become one of the most serious environmental concerns as an average person spends about 22 hr indoors on a daily basis. The study reported in this article, was conducted to determine the effectiveness of three commercial HVAC (Heating Ventilation Air Conditioning) duct cleaning processes in reducing the level of airborne particulate matter and viable bioaerosols. The three HVAC sanitation processes were: (1) Contact method (use of conventional vacuum cleaning of interior duct surfaces); (2) Air sweep method (use of compressed air to dislodging dirt and debris); (3) Rotary brush method (insertion of a rotary brush into the ductwork to agitate and dislodge the debris).

The case of 'The flying Dutchman' and the search for a containing object.

In this clinical communication, detailed excerpts from a nine-year analysis are presented to illustrate the importance of 'taking the transference', the significance of Bion's concept of the 'container' and his extension of the work of Melanie Klein to include projective identification as a form of primitive communication, as well as emphasising the patient's search for the coherence and meaning in his experience. The author further demonstrates that such cases require that the analyst be willing to accept a given role--in the transitional space of the transference/countertransference--and that (s)he be able to verbalise interpretively how (s)he is being experienced, so that a containing membrane between inside and outside, between fantasy and reality, and between self and other may gradually evolve in the mind of the analysand. Throughout the paper various technical points are highlighted, especially as these relate the analytic task of introjecting certain aspects of the patient's inner world and allowing these to resonate with those respective elements of the analyst's inner world.

Never before and never again. The compulsion to repeat, the fear of breakdown and the defensive organisation.

In this clinical communication, the author discusses the compulsion to repeat past trauma within the area of personal omnipotence provided in the transference, the fear of breakdown that may arise in the course of an analysis, and the defensive organisation deployed by the patient in the interest of survival. The development of and some connections between the compulsion to repeat, the fear of breakdown and the defensive organisation are illustrated and discussed in light of the writings of Freud, Winnicott and various Kleinian authors and some of the factors that may contribute to the emergence of the fear of breakdown--those inherent in both the analytic setting and in the early history and character of the patient--are exemplified by the case of one analysand which is offered to highlight further the dynamics of a particular variety of defensive organisation against breakdown.

Unbearable ecstasy, reverence and awe, and the perpetuation of an "aesthetic conflict".

The author discusses Tustin's concept of the unbearable ecstasy of at-one-ment and her attentiveness to the importance of the containing function of the mother, Bion's distinction between "reverence and awe" and defensive idealization, and Meltzer's notion of the "aesthetic conflict." Each theme has bearing upon the provocation or mitigation of envy, the process of introjection and the development of both healthy and pathological internal object relations, the nature of the superego, and self-esteem. Clinical material is presented to illustrate the phenomena described, and conclusions which may have an impact upon our attitude and technique in psychoanalysis are put forward.

Toward an understanding of unmentalized experience.

The term unmentalized experience is defined, elaborated, explicated, and illustrated with clinical examples from the analysis of adult patients. The origins of the author's conceptualization of the term are traced from Freud's early notion of the "anxiety equivalent" through the work of present-day object relations theorists. A model for the somatic recording of early pre- and postnatal experience is derived from Stern's research in the field of infant development, and some implications for treatment are noted.

Deficiency and envy: some factors impacting the analytic mind from listening to interpretation.

This paper examines some aspects of an unconscious process developing within the mind of the analyst; a process affecting both the way in which the analyst listens to the patient's material and the interpretations subsequently formulated. The paper highlights the problem of the analyst's 'mis-use' of theory as a protection against unbearable feelings of psychic pain, evoked by what is perhaps the most essential tool of psychoanalysis: the analyst's emotional contact with the patient's early experiences in infancy. Both the 'deficiency theory' and the concept of 'primary envy' are called into question during this inquiry.

On the survival function of autistic manoeuvres in adult patients.

This paper highlights features of the work on autism of Tustin and others pertaining to the analysis of adult patients. Several clinical illustrations from the analysis of neurotic, borderline and psychotic patients emphasizing the survival function of autistic shapes, objects and delusions are presented. The need for further discrimination between autistic states of mind and other primitive mental states is recommended.