Application of chaotic teaching-learning-based optimization technique for estimating unknown parameters of proton exchange membrane fuel cell model.

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) possess features like high specific power density, low operating temperature, and low operating pressure and thus are most widely used. The performance of PEMFC highly depends on its output voltage which further affects its efficiency. This research paper aims to improve this output voltage by minimizing the losses through parameter estimation technique for three well-known commercial PEMFC stacks, namely, 250W, BCS 500W, and Ballard Mark V.

Getting the most out of remote care: Co-developing a Toolkit to improve the delivery of remote kidney care appointments for underserved groups.

Background: Telephone and video appointments are still common post-pandemic, with an estimated 25%-50% of kidney appointments in the United Kingdom still conducted remotely. This is important as remote consultations may exacerbate pre-existing inequalities in those from underserved groups. Those from underserved groups are often not represented in health research and include those with learning disability, mental health needs, hearing/sight problems, young/older people, those from ethnic minority groups.

Joint Detection and Communication over Type-Sensitive Networks.

Due to the difficulty of decentralized inference with conditional dependent observations, and motivated by large-scale heterogeneous networks, we formulate a framework for decentralized detection with coupled observations. Each agent has a state, and the empirical distribution of all agents' states or the type of network dictates the individual agents' behavior. In particular, agents' observations depend on both the underlying hypothesis as well as the empirical distribution of the agents' states.

Toward Efficient Direct Dynamics Studies of Chemical Reactions: A Novel Matrix Completion Algorithm.

This paper describes the development and testing of a polynomial variety-based matrix completion (PVMC) algorithm. Our goal is to reduce computational effort associated with reaction rate coefficient calculations using variational transition state theory with multidimensional tunneling (VTST-MT). The algorithm recovers eigenvalues of quantum mechanical Hessians constituting the minimum energy path (MEP) of a reaction using only a small sample of the information, by leveraging underlying properties of these eigenvalues.

A matrix completion algorithm for efficient calculation of quantum and variational effects in chemical reactions.

This work examines the viability of matrix completion methods as cost-effective alternatives to full nuclear Hessians for calculating quantum and variational effects in chemical reactions. The harmonic variety-based matrix completion (HVMC) algorithm, developed in a previous study [S. J.

Intertemporal trade-off between population growth rate and carrying capacity during public good production.

Public goods are biomolecules that benefit cellular populations, such as by providing access to previously unutilized resources. Public good production is energetically costly. To reduce this cost, populations control public good biosynthesis, for example using density-dependent regulation accomplished by quorum sensing.

Young Adults Rehabilitation Needs and Experiences following Stroke (YARNS): A review of digital accounts to inform the development of age-appropriate support and rehabilitation.

Aims: To explore younger adults' experiences of stroke rehabilitation to inform practice, education and future health policy.

Design: Qualitative analysis of digital and other media sources on public platforms.

Methods: Between March and June 2020, the experiences of younger adult stroke survivors aged 18 to 45 at the time of the stroke were collected.

Tandem repeat interval pattern identifies animal taxa.

Motivation: We discover that maximality of information content among intervals of Tandem Repeats (TRs) in animal genome segregates over taxa such that taxa identification becomes swift and accurate. Successive TRs of a motif occur at intervals over the sequence, forming a trail of TRs of the motif across the genome. We present a method, Tandem Repeat Information Mining (TRIM), that mines 4k number of TR trails of all k length motifs from a whole genome sequence and extracts the information content within intervals of the trails.

A matrix completion algorithm to recover modes orthogonal to the minimum energy path in chemical reactions.

Structured statistical methods are promising for recovering or completing information from noisy and incomplete data with high fidelity. In particular, matrix completion exploits underlying structural properties such as rank or sparsity. Our objective is to employ matrix completion to reduce computational effort associated with the calculation of multiple quantum chemical Hessians, which are necessary for identification of temperature-dependent free energy maxima under canonical variational transition state theory (VTST).

Missed nursing care and related factors in Iranian hospitals: A cross-sectional survey.

Aim: To determine the prevalence of, and reasons for, missed care by nurses and the factors associated with it in Iranian hospitals.

Background: Despite providing high-quality patient care in hospitals, nurses often fail to deliver optimum care, which jeopardizes the safety of patients and increases health care costs. Therefore, identifying missed nursing care is essential if the quality of health services is to be improved.

Variable-temperature variable-field magnetic circular photoluminescence (VTVH-MCPL) spectroscopy for electronic-structure determination in nanoscale chemical systems.

In this Letter, we describe variable-temperature variable-field magnetic circular photoluminescence (VTVH-MCPL) spectroscopy as a complementary technique to absorption-based magnetic circular dichroism. A paramagnetic model system, Au(SCH), is chosen to demonstrate the information content that is obtained from VTVH-MCPL. Specifically, the methods and analyses for the determination of electronic Landé g-factors, zero-field energy splittings, and relative A-, B-, and C-term contributions to the MCPL response are detailed.

Innovations in the Use of Interactive Technology to Support Weight Management.

New and emerging mobile technologies are providing unprecedented possibilities for understanding and intervening on obesity-related behaviors in real time. However, the mobile health (mHealth) field has yet to catch up with the fast-paced development of technology. Current mHealth efforts in weight management still tend to focus mainly on short message systems (SMS) interventions, rather than taking advantage of real-time sensing to develop just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAIs).

Antimicrobial resistance, virulence profiles and molecular subtypes of Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A blood isolates from Kolkata, India during 2009-2013.

Enteric fever, caused by Salmonella enterica, remains an unresolved public health problem in India and antimicrobial therapy is the main mode of treatment. The objective of this study was to characterize the Salmonella enterica isolates from Kolkata with respect to their antimicrobial resistance (AMR), virulence profiles and molecular subtypes. Salmonella enterica blood isolates were collected from clinically suspected enteric fever patients attending various hospitals in Kolkata, India from January 2009 to June 2013 and were tested for AMR profiles by standard protocols; for resistance gene transfer by conjugation; for resistance and virulence genes profiles by PCR; and for molecular subtypes by Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE).

Hospital based surveillance and genetic characterization of rotavirus strains in children (<5 years) with acute gastroenteritis in Kolkata, India, revealed resurgence of G9 and G2 genotypes during 2011-2013.

Introduction: India accounts for an estimated 457,000-884,000 hospitalizations and 2 million outpatient visits for diarrhea. In spite of the huge burden of rotavirus (RV) disease, RV vaccines have not been introduced in national immunization programme of India. Therefore, continuous surveillance for prevalence and monitoring of the circulating genotypes is needed to assess the disease burden prior to introduction of vaccines in this region.

High resolution scanning tunneling microscopy of a 1D coordination polymer with imidazole-based N,N,O ligands on HOPG.

Novel κ(3) -N,N,O ligands tend to form 1D coordination polymer strands. Deposition of 1D structures on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) was achieved from diluted solutions and polymer strands have been studied on HOPG by AFM/STM. Single strands were mapped by STM and their electronic properties were subsequently characterized by current imaging tunneling spectroscopy (CITS).

Optimal timing of prophylactic antibiotic for cesarean delivery: a randomized comparative study.

Aim: Cesarean delivery is associated with a significantly higher postoperative infection rate than that following vaginal birth and other surgical procedures. This study compared whether antibiotic prophylaxis administered preoperatively was more effective in preventing infectious morbidity following cesarean delivery than administration at cord clamping.

Material And Methods: In a randomized comparative trial, 953 women with a period of gestation of more than 34 weeks, scheduled to have cesarean section, were randomly assigned to the prophylactic single-dose antibiotic administration either preoperatively (study group) or at cord clamping (control group).

Vibrio cholerae non-O1, non-O139 serogroups and cholera-like diarrhea, Kolkata, India.

We identified 281 Vibrio cholerae non-O1, non-O139 strains from patients with diarrhea in Kolkata, India. Cholera-like diarrhea was the major symptom (66.0%); some patients (20.

Hemagglutinating activity is directly correlated with colonization ability of shigellae in suckling mouse model.

The aim of the present study was to explore a new approach based on the hemagglutination (HA) assay to understand the colonization ability of Shigella spp. To study colonization ability, an animal model of 4-day-old suckling mouse, was exploited. We characterized the HA activity of 48 Shigella strains, with erythrocytes collected from rabbit, guinea pig, chicken, and sheep.

Regular high-nuclearity species from square building blocks: a triangular 3 × [2 × 2] Ni12 complex generated by the self-assembly of three [2 × 2] Ni4 molecular grids.

A dodecanuclear 3 × [2 × 2] nickel(II) complex has been obtained via the self-association of three tetranuclear [2 × 2] molecular grids. X-ray diffraction shows a "propeller-like" structure of the [Ni(4)](3) scaffold with a central μ(3)-hydroxide. The dodecanuclear species remains stable in solution and can be deposited without decomposition on highly ordered pyrolytic graphite surfaces.

A short term experience of management of open and osteoporotic intercondylar fractures of the distal humerus using a mini-external fixator.

Seven cases of intercondylar fractures of the distal humerus were treated by a mini-external fixation technique. The average range of motion was 30 degrees to 110 degrees. All fractures united with radiologic and clinical evidence of union at 10-12 weeks.

Studies on Ender's intramedullary nailing for closed tibial shaft fractures.

Low cost multiple flexible Ender's nails can be used in tibial shaft fractures in a non-ideal operating room set-up in India, also because of easy methodology. It is commonly used in femur and humerus but not in tibia. So we made the study in which prospective and consecutive patients were taken based on selection criteria.

Modeling high-level descriptions of real-life physical activities using latent topic modeling of multimodal sensor signals.

We propose a new methodology to model high-level descriptions of physical activities using multimodal sensor signals (ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG) and accelerometer signals) obtained by a wearable wireless sensor network. We introduce a two-step strategy where the first step estimates likelihood scores over the low-level descriptions of physical activities such as walking or sitting directly from sensor signals and the second step infers the high-level description based on the estimated low-level description scores. Assuming that a high-level description of a certain physical activity may consist of multiple low-level physical activities and a low-level physical activity can be observed in multiple high-level descriptions of physical activities, we introduce the statistical concept of latent topics in physical activities to model the high-level status with low-level descriptions.

Recognition of physical activities in overweight Hispanic youth using KNOWME Networks.

Background: KNOWME Networks is a wireless body area network with 2 triaxial accelerometers, a heart rate monitor, and mobile phone that acts as the data collection hub. One function of KNOWME Networks is to detect physical activity (PA) in overweight Hispanic youth. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in-laboratory recognition accuracy of KNOWME.

Optimal Time-Resource Allocation for Energy-Efficient Physical Activity Detection.

The optimal allocation of samples for physical activity detection in a wireless body area network for health-monitoring is considered. The number of biometric samples collected at the mobile device fusion center, from both device-internal and external Bluetooth heterogeneous sensors, is optimized to minimize the transmission power for a fixed number of samples, and to meet a performance requirement defined using the probability of misclassification between multiple hypotheses. A filter-based feature selection method determines an optimal feature set for classification, and a correlated Gaussian model is considered.