A state-of-the-art review of the recent advances in drug delivery systems for different therapeutic agents in periodontitis.

Periodontitis (PD) is a chronic gum illness that may be hard to cure for a number of reasons, including the fact that no one knows what causes it, the side effects of anti-microbial treatment, and how various kinds of bacteria interact with one another. As a result, novel therapeutic approaches for PD treatment must be developed. Additionally, supplementary antibacterial regimens, including local and systemic medication administration of chemical agents, are necessary for deep pockets to assist with mechanical debridement of tooth surfaces.

The rs2275738 variant of the adiponectin receptor 1 gene is associated with biopsy-proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a significant health issue worldwide. This study investigated the effect of the adiponectin receptor 1 gene () polymorphism on susceptibility to NAFLD. Data from 330 participants, including 165 biopsy-proven NAFLD patients and 165 healthy controls, were collected.

NAMPT gene rs2058539 variant is a risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Objective: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a chronic liver disease and a growing global epidemic. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between a visfatin gene (NAMPT) variant and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, owing to the connection between this disease and insulin resistance, obesity, inflammation, and oxidative stress, and the role of visfatin in these metabolic disorders.

Methods: In the present case-control study, we enrolled 312 genetically unrelated individuals, including 154 patients with biopsy-proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and 158 controls.

The Arg/Arg genotype of leptin receptor gene Gln223Arg polymorphism may be an independent risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background: Given that obesity and insulin resistance play key roles in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the connection between leptin and these metabolic diseases, the association between NAFLD and a leptin receptor gene (LEPR) polymorphism was examined.

Methods: In this genetic case-control association study, 144 biopsy-proven NAFLD patients and 144 controls were genotyped for the LEPR gene Gln223Arg (rs1137101) polymorphism using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method.

Results: The distributions of genotypes and alleles of Gln223Arg variant were in accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the study groups (P > .

The Effect of Milling Metal Versus Milling Wax on Implant Framework Retention and Adaptation.

Purpose: The metal framework of implant-supported restorations can be made using different methods. For a successful outcome, the acceptability of each method depends on the retention and fit of the restoration. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the retention and adaptation of copings fabricated using two methods: casting wax patterns made by computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology, and milling sintered chromium-cobalt (Cr-Co) blocks.