Discordance in acute gastrointestinal toxicity between synchrotron-based proton and linac-based electron ultra-high dose rate irradiation.

Purpose: Proton FLASH has been investigated using cyclotron and synchrocyclotron beamlines but not synchrotron beamlines. We evaluated the impact of dose rate (ultra-high [UHDR] vs. conventional [CONV]) and beam configuration (shoot-through [ST] vs.

Human microRNA miR-197-3p positively regulates HIV-1 virion infectivity through its target DDX52 by stabilizing Vif protein expression.

MicroRNAs are a part of the integral regulatory mechanisms found in eukaryotic cells that help in maintaining cellular homeostasis by modulating the expression of target genes. However, during stress conditions like viral infection, the expression profile of the microRNAs change, thereby directly modulating the expression of viral genes and/or indirectly targeting the virus by regulating the host genes. The present study intends to identify previously uncharacterized cellular microRNAs, which are significantly modulated upon HIV-1 infection.

Vaccination with a Replication-Dead Murine Gammaherpesvirus Lacking Viral Pathogenesis Genes Inhibits WT Virus Infection.

Gammaherpesviruses are oncogenic pathogens that establish lifelong infections. There are no FDA-approved vaccines against Epstein-Barr virus or Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus. Murine gammaherpesvirus-68 (MHV68) infection of mice provides a system for investigating of gammaherpesvirus pathogenesis and testing vaccine strategies.

Vaccination with a Replication-Dead Murine Gammaherpesvirus Lacking Viral Pathogenesis Genes Inhibits WT Virus Infection.

Gammaherpesviruses are oncogenic pathogens that establish lifelong infections. There are no FDA-approved vaccines against Epstein-Barr virus or Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus. Murine gammaherpesvirus-68 (MHV68) infection of mice provides a system for investigating gammaherpesvirus pathogenesis and testing vaccine strategies.

Green synthesis of gold nano-particles using Madhuca indica flower extract and their anticancer activity on head and neck cancer: Characterization and mechanistic study.

Complete eradication of aggressive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) still remains a major challenging problem due to numerous resistance properties of cancer stem cells (CSC) which is crucially responsible for tumor recurrence and metastasis. This challenge causes a high demand for the emergence of novel targeted treatment modalities for improved therapeutic efficacies. Phytochemicals derived from plants proves to be a wide reservoir of important drug candidates which have the potential to impede multiple aspects of malignant growth and progression.

Dissecting sequence-structure-function-diversity in plant cryptochromes.

Ubiquitous to every stratum of life, cryptochromes regulate numerous light dependent functions in terrestrial plants. These include light-dependent transcription, circadian rhythm, inhibition of hypocotyl elongation, programmed cell death, promotion of floral initiation, mediation of gravitropic response, responding to biotic and abiotic stress etc. There have been quite a few seminal reviews including on plant cryptochromes, focusing mostly on the detailed functional aspects.

Evaluation of the antibacterial and wound healing efficacy of Aloe vera-coated 3-0 silk sutures in comparison to uncoated 3-0 silk sutures following flap surgery - A randomized clinical trial.

Background: The efficacy of surgical interventions relies on appropriate closure of the surgical site, which should also be devoid of bacteria. Plaque accumulation is a constant challenge that hampers the healing outcome. Sutures used to close the wound serve as reservoirs for microbes, increasing the risk of surgical site infections (SSIs).

Isolation and identification of Rhizospheric and Endophytic Bacteria from Cucumber plants irrigated with wastewater: Exploring their roles in plant growth promotion and disease suppression.

Wastewater contains various emerging contaminants, including heavy metals, residues of pesticides, and pharmaceuticals. Therefore, irrigation with wastewater can enhance heavy metal contamination in soil and adversely affect plant growth. To mitigate this problem, plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPR) can improve plant growth under heavy metal stress.

Sociodemographic factors, clinical characteristics, outcomes and short-term follow-up in COVID-19 patients with new onset hyperglycemia and pre-existing diabetes on admission in a tertiary-care hospital in Bangladesh.

Background: COVID-19 has been linked to hyperglycemia and diabetes, with noteworthy variation in outcomes. This study aimed to compare the sociodemographic factors, clinical characteristics, and in-hospital and short-term post-discharge outcomes between COVID-19 patients with new onset hyperglycemia and pre-existing diabetes patients in tertiary care hospitals in Bangladesh.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted among adult COVID-19 patients with new onset hyperglycemia or pre-existing diabetes admitted to the COVID-19 unit of Dhaka Medical College Hospital between April 2021 and October 2021.

Topology-mediated organization of Escherichia coli chromosome in fast-growth conditions.

The mechanism underlying the spatiotemporal chromosome organization in Escherichia coli cells remains an open question, though experiments have been able to visually see the evolving chromosome organization in fast- and slow-growing cells. We had proposed [D. Mitra et al.

Isolation and characterization of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria from cacti root under drought condition.

Plant growth-promoting rhizobia (PGPR) helps plants grow and develop by protecting them from abiotic and biotic stresses, increasing the synthesis of chemicals that promote growth, and enabling the uptake of nutrients. Drought is one of the biggest problems throughout the world. The search for novel and efficient drought-resistant microorganisms that reduce the adverse effects executed by drought is a significant alternative.

Microbiological dimensions and functions in constructed wetlands: A review.

Constructed wetlands (CWs) have emerged as robust alternatives to traditional wastewater treatment technologies. The efficacy of CWs centers on the intricate interplay of factors, including plant species, substrate attributes, soil conditions, microbial consortia, and operational variables. Microorganisms, the cornerstone of CWs, have a significant influence on mineralization and pollutant mitigation processes.

Adjuvant Radiation Therapy in Desmoplastic Melanoma: A Scoping Review.

Desmoplastic melanoma (DM) is an uncommon subtype of cutaneous melanoma that presents distinct diagnostic and treatment challenges. This review aims to explore the role of adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) in managing DM. To evaluate this question, we reviewed relevant published reports on DM and its treatment and synthesized these findings.

Exploring the landscape of biofertilizers containing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in Iran: Progress and research prospects.

The use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture, while effective for plant nutrition, poses environmental pollution risks due to their overuse and imbalance. Sustainable agricultural solutions are required to reduce reliance on chemical fertilizers. Biofertilizers, which harness the potential of beneficial soil microorganisms, are a promising alternative.

Harnessing rice husks: Bioethanol production for sustainable future.

The investigation of biofuel production from rice husks highlights its potential as a sustainable energy source amid rising environmental concerns and the gradual loss of fossil fuel sources. Biomass-derived biofuels, notably those derived from lignocellulosic materials, such as rice husks, provide a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative that reduces greenhouse gas emissions while improving energy security. This review explores the need to produce biofuels along with the progression of biofuel technology throughout the four generations and the specific mechanisms involved in the conversion of bioethanol from rice husks.

External Beam Radiotherapy for Malignant Central Airway Obstruction in a Remote Rural Patient: A Case Study.

Introduction: Malignant central airway obstruction (MCAO) is a challenging therapeutic scenario, caused by tumour burden which limits airflow within the large airways. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung accounts for 50% of MCAO seen in the setting of non-small cell lung cancer. Here, we present the challenging case of a 63-year-old Indigenous Australian Female rom a remote rural community with background history of metastatic SCC of presumed pulmonary origin, who presented with a 1-week history of dyspnoea, stridor, and hoarse voice.

MIIST305 mitigates gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome injury and ameliorates radiation-induced gut microbiome dysbiosis.

High-dose radiation exposure results in gastrointestinal (GI) acute radiation syndrome identified by the destruction of mucosal layer, intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction, and aberrant inflammatory responses. In addition, radiation causes gut microbiome dysbiosis characterized by diminished microbial diversity, reduction in the abundance of beneficial commensal bacteria, and the spread of bacterial pathogens that trigger the recruitment of immune cells and the production of pro-inflammatory factors that lead to further GI tissue damage. Currently, there are no FDA-approved countermeasures that can treat radiation-induced GI injury.

Laser Sintering by Spot and Linear Optics for Inkjet-Printed Thin-Film Conductive Silver Patterns with the Focus on Ink-Sets and Process Parameters.

The implementation of the laser sintering for inkjet-printed nanoparticles and metal organic decomposition (MOD) inks on a flexible polymeric film has been analyzed in detail. A novel approach by implementing, next to a commonly 3.2 mm diameter spot laser optic, a line laser optic with a laser beam area of 2 mm × 80 mm, demonstrates the high potential of selective laser sintering to proceed towards a fast and efficient sintering methodology in printed electronics.

Distribution and disparities of healthy lifestyles and noncommunicable diseases risk factors between men and women aged 20-59 years in Bangladesh: Evidence from a nationwide survey.

Background: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are public health threats globally and recognized impediments to socioeconomic development. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and clustering of NCDs risk factors among Bangladeshi men and women aged 20-59 years using nationally representative data.

Methods: This study was conducted in 82 rural, nonslum urban, and slum clusters across all eight administrative divisions of Bangladesh using multistage cluster sampling.