Transitioning to high-sensitivity troponin: 1-year mortality outcomes in patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome presenting to emergency departments.

Background: Switching from a conventional to a high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) assay enables detection of smaller amounts of myocardial damage, but the clinical benefit is unclear. We investigated whether switching to a hs-cTnI assay with a sex-specific 99th centile diagnostic threshold was associated with lower 1-year death or new myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods: This pre-post study included nine tertiary hospitals in Australia.

Prevalence of alcohol exposure in burns related injuries.

The aim of this registry-based cohort study was to quantify the prevalence, injury characteristics, and outcomes of alcohol exposure in burn-related injuries. All patients ≥ 18 years presenting to The Alfred Emergency & Trauma Centre, a major trauma centre in Victoria, Australia between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2022 and included in the Victorian Adult Burns Service registry were included. An explicit chart review was performed to verify retrieved data with alcohol exposure coded when documented in medical records, laboratory evidence of a blood alcohol concentration > 2mmol/L, or recorded in discharge ICD-10-AM codes.

Rate and yield of imaging for acute pyelonephritis in the emergency department: A retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: The role of imaging in acute pyelonephritis (APN) in the ED is poorly understood, with variability among clinical guidelines for when patients should be imaged, and the modality of imaging. The objective of this study was to identify the proportion of patients with APN being imaged, the proportion abnormal findings, and the association between abnormal imaging and discharge disposition.

Methods: A single-centre retrospective review of patients with a discharge diagnosis of APN at an adult tertiary referral hospital over a 5-year period (2018-2022) was conducted.

Research outputs after the Coursework Pathway.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to quantify research outputs after completing a Coursework Pathway (CP).

Methods: Emergency medicine trainees who completed a CP during 2012-2022 were included. Research outputs were identified using Medline, EMBASE, Pubmed and Google Scholar.

Scope 2 estimates of carbon dioxide emissions from electricity consumption at the US census block group scale.

This paper introduces and describes a dataset representing United States carbon dioxide (CO) emissions from electricity consumption (scope 2 CO emissions) for the 2019-2021 time period separately for the residential, commercial, and industrial sectors. The spatial resolution is the U.S.

Introduction of the Broset Violence Checklist in the emergency department: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: The Broset Violence Checklist (BVC) can stratify the risk of violence and aggression in EDs. The aim of the present study was to report the initial uptake of introducing this checklist and associations with unplanned alerts to potential or actual violence in two EDs.

Methods: The BVC was recommended in all patient care episodes.

Evaluating accuracy of cervical spine computed tomography interpretation by emergency trainees with the use of a structured protocol.

Objective: Radiological evaluation of cervical spine injury with computed tomography (CT) scanning is a fundamental component of the assessment of major trauma. Accurate interpretation of scans is essential for safe clearance or diagnosis of injuries. However, delays in radiologist reporting often result in prolonged spinal immobilisation.

Hyperoxia and unfavourable outcome in patients with non-traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: It is common practice to administer oxygen to neurocritical patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Consequent hyperoxia has been associated with unfavourable outcomes including in patients with brain injury, after cardiac arrest, sepsis, and traumatic brain injury. The aim of this systematic review was to explore the association between hyperoxia exposure and unfavourable outcome in patients following a non-traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH).

Epstein-Barr Virus Latent Membrane Protein 1 Subverts IMPDH pathways to drive B-cell oncometabolism.

Unlabelled: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with multiple types of cancers, many of which express the key viral oncoprotein Latent Membrane Protein 1 (LMP1). LMP1 is the only EBV-encoded protein whose expression is sufficient to transform both epithelial and B-cells. Although metabolism reprogramming is a cancer hallmark, much remains to be learned about how LMP1 alters lymphocyte oncometabolism.

Single high-sensitivity troponin-I for ruling out acute coronary syndrome: a detection limit approach.

Aims: The aim of this study was determine the incidence of major adverse cardiac events within 30 and 365-days among patients discharged from emergency departments (EDs), following a single high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I test result below or close to the limits of detection (LoD).

Methods And Results: Patients ≥20 years old who presented to four EDs from mid-2014 to end-2015, underwent a single high-sensitivity troponin test and were discharged were included. Data from ED presentations, hospital admissions, mortality records, and pathology laboratories were linked and harmonized.

Agreement of point-of-care and laboratory lactate levels among trauma patients and association with transfusion.

Background And Objectives: In the setting of trauma and suspected critical bleeding, indications to commence blood transfusions remain unclear, with high rates of potentially avoidable transfusions. Prehospital blood lactate measurements could help predict the need for blood transfusions. The aim of this study was to compare measurements detected by a point-of-care (POC) lactate device with laboratory measured lactate levels.

Associations Between Instrumented Mouthguard-Measured Head Acceleration Events and Post-Match Biomarkers of Astroglial and Axonal Injury in Male Amateur Australian Football Players.

Background: Advances in instrumented mouthguards (iMGs) allow for accurate quantification of single high-acceleration head impacts and cumulative head acceleration exposure in collision sports. However, relationships between these measures and risk of brain cell injury remain unclear.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to quantify measures of non-concussive head impact exposure and assess their association with blood glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light (NfL) and phosphorylated-tau-181 (p-tau-181) levels in male Australian football players.

Resuscitation of adult shocked trauma patients using major haemorrhage protocol guided by viscoelastic haemostatic assays versus formulaic approach.

Background: The resuscitation of trauma patients with critical bleeding may follow a formulaic approach using high ratios of blood components or a viscoelastic haemostatic assay (VHA) guided approach. The aim of this study was to compare the two strategies for resuscitation of shocked trauma patients.

Methods: This was a registry-based cohort study including shocked trauma patients from two trauma centres-one practising a formulaic approach, with VHA unavailable during trauma resuscitation and the other practicing a VHA-guided resuscitation strategy.

Case Report: "Navigating the Narrow Path: Unveiling a Nasal Septal Abscess in a Neonate".

Nasal septal abscess in a newborn is a rare condition. This case report describes a case of nontraumatic, nasal septal abscess in a newborn baby with no evidence of sinusitis or other localized trauma/ infections. A 15-day-old newborn was admitted to a tertiary care hospital with a history of nasal blockage and swelling of the nasal septum.

The impacts of roller compaction on the quality attributes of simultaneously compressed micro and minitablets.

The challenges of developing good quality low dose minitablets was assessed by systematically studying the effects of ibuprofen (IBU, a model compound) particle sizes (6-58 µm D) and concentrations (0.1-3 %w/w), roller compaction forces (3-7 kN/cm), and the minitablet sizes (1.2, 1.

Pathophysiology, blood biomarkers, and functional deficits after intimate partner violence-related brain injury: Insights from emergency department patients and a new rat model.

Intimate partner violence is a serious, but underappreciated, issue that predominantly affects women and often results in concussion (i.e., mild traumatic brain injury).

Association between acute pre-injury alcohol use and 12-month health outcomes for survivors of major trauma: A registry-based study.

Introduction: Alcohol is commonly detected in patients presenting to hospital after major trauma and is a key preventable risk factor for injury. While it has been suggested that alcohol intoxication at the time of injury results in worse acute patient outcomes, there is currently limited knowledge on the impact of alcohol on health outcomes following hospital discharge. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between acute pre-injury alcohol exposure and the self-reported health outcomes of survivors of major trauma 12-months post-injury.

Impact of the Southeast Melbourne Virtual Emergency Department on reducing transfers from residential aged care facilities.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of the Southeast Melbourne Virtual Emergency Department (SEMVED) on transfers from residential aged care facilities (RACFs) to traditional EDs.

Methods: A cohort study of residents requesting transfer to the ED via ambulance within participating health networks' catchments from April to June 2022.

Results: Two hundred thirty-eight VED consultations occurred with 79% (188/238) avoiding transfer.

Change from semi-rigid to soft collars for prehospital management of trauma patients: An observational study.

Objectives: Protection of the cervical spine is recommended following multisystem injury. In 2021, Ambulance Victoria changed clinical practice guidelines to apply soft collars instead of semi-rigid collars for suspected cervical spine injury. The aim of this study was to describe associated changes in imaging practices and diagnoses of pressure sores, hospital acquired pneumonia, and spinal cord injury.

Assessing the impact of sea level rise on the Indus delta in Pakistan: A comprehensive analysis of flooded areas and future vulnerabilities.

This research investigates the impact of sea level rise (SLR) on the Indus Delta, a vital ecosystem increasingly vulnerable to climate change repercussions. The objective of this study is to comprehensively assess the flooded areas under various shared socioeconomic pathway (SSP) scenarios based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) 6th Assessment Report. The study employs a GIS-based bathtub model, utilizing historical (1995-2014) and IPCC-projected (2020-2150) tide gauge data from Karachi, Kandla, and Okha stations to identify potential inundated areas threatened by coastal flooding.

MicroRNA Biomarkers on Day of Injury Among Patients with Post Concussive Symptoms at 28-Days: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: After mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), some patients experience symptoms that persist for weeks to months. Recovery from mTBI is primarily assessed using selfreported symptom questionnaires. Blood biomarkers, including microRNA species, have shown promise to assist diagnosis of mTBI, however, little is known about how blood microRNA measures might predict symptom recovery.